• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.361-372
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• 2008

A satellite tracked drifter experiment was conducted to observe thermal structure and surface circulation in the northeastern East China Sea. For this experiment, four ADOS buoys, assembled with surface float and thermister chain, were deployed on August 2007 in southern Jeju-do, where the Kuroshio Branch Current is separated from the main stream. Thermal structure in the upper layer of the northeastern East China Sea was successfully observed during the following $1{\sim}3$ months. Strong thermo-haline front in a northeast-southwest direction was observed. In the frontal zone, warm and saline Kuroshio origin water intermixes with fresher coastal water and flows toward the Korean Strait. Typhoon Nari, which passed over the East China Sea 20 days after commencement of study, caused distinct signals in the thermal structure and trajectory of buoys. During the typhoon, surface temperature abruptly dropped to about $4^{\circ}C$, while the thermocline formed at $30{\sim}50$ m depth vanished due to strong vertical mixing. Internal inertial oscillation occurred several days after the typhoon. The fortuitous occurrence of typhoon Nari showed that ADOS buoys can provide useful and accurate air-sea interaction data during typhoons.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.28-32
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• 2011

This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 0.8% sodium hyaluronic acid solution and crosslinked hyaluronic acid mixture for the prevention of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion in rats. Forty-five animals were divided into three groups ; 0.9% saline treated control group, 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose treated group (SCMC), and 0.8% sodium hyaluronic acid solution and crosslinked hyaluronic acid mixture treated group (SHCH). Adhesions were induced by suturing both the ileal serosa and peritoneum abrased until petechial bleeding occurred. Fourteen days later, adhesions were evaluated clinically and histopathologically. The mean tensile strength was significantly decreased in the SCMC and SHCH groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05), and the SHCH group had the lowest tensile strength. The distance of adhesion site was highest in the control group and significantly decreased in the SHCH group comparing control group (p < 0.05). The inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen hyperplasia and neovascularization of the SCMC and SHCH groups were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that the SHCH may be useful to prevent postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion in rats.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.419-423
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• 2014

The present study was performed to know the infection status of intestinal helminths in a most common species of field mice, Apodemus agrarius, from 2 southern regions of Korea. Total 133 and 103 mice were collected by the mouse trap in Hapcheon-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do and Gurye-gun, Jeollanam-do, respectively, from July 2005 to June 2006. The small intestine of each mouse was resected and longitudinally opened with a pair of scissors. The intestinal contents were washed with 0.85% saline until the supernatant became clear. Helminths were collected with naked eyes or under a stereomicroscope from the sediment of the intestinal content. More than 11 species of helminths (4 nematode spp., 5 trematode spp., and 2 cestode spp.) were recovered. Among these, heligmosomoid nematodes (97.5%) was the most highly and heavily infected species. As the members of trematodes, Plagiorchis muris, Brachylaima sp., Echinostoma hortense, Echinostoma cinetorchis, and unidentified echinostome larvae were found in the small intestines of 35 (14.8%), 12 (5.1%), 6 (2.5%), 1 (0.4%), and 1 (0.4%) mice respectively. Two species of tapeworms, Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta were also detected in 79 (33.5%) and 21 (8.9%) mice, respectively. Conclusively, heligmosomoid nematodes were the most prevalent (dominant) species among more than 11 helminth species detected, and Brachylaima sp. fluke is newly added in the list of intestinal trematodes in Korea.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제8권
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• pp.65-73
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• 1967

간척지(干拓地) 토양(土壤)의 제염기간(除鹽期間)을 단축(短縮)하여 빠른 시일내(時日內)에 정상답화(正常沓化) 시킬 수 있는 제염방법(除鹽方法) 연구(硏究)의 목적(目的)으로 토탄(土炭)을 주원료(主原料)로 하여 만든 토양개량제(土壤改良劑)인 CHP (일종(一種)의 Ca-humate)를 염류토(鹽類土)에 사용(使用)하여 pot에서 이의 제염효과(除鹽?果), 이화학성질개량(理化學性質改良) 및 수도재배시험(水稻栽培試驗)을 실시(實施)한 결과(結果) 아래와 같다. 1. CHP 처리(處理)는 염류토(鹽類土)의 입단화(粒團化)에 영향(影響)을 주어 입단구조(粒團構造)가 약간(若干) 개량(改良)되었다. 2. 투수성(透水性)은 현저(顯著)한 효과(效果)가 있어 CHP-A 1.0% 처리(處理)는 무처리(無處理)에 비(比)하여 투수속도(透水速度)에서 약(約) 3배(倍), 투수량(透水量)에서 약(約) 4.5배(倍)로 증가(增加)하였다. 3. 제염효과(除鹽效果)는 CHP 처리량(處理量)을 증가(增加)할수록 단기간(短期間)에 제염(除鹽)을 기(期)할 수 있다는 성적(成績)을 얻은바 무처리구(無處理區)가 투수(透水)를 시작(始作)할 때 CHP-A 1.0%구(區)에서는 토양중(土壤中)의 Na가 약(約) 80% 용탈(溶脫)되었다. 4. CEC 및 인산흡수능(燐酸吸收能)은 CHP 처리(處理)에 의(依)하여 일정(一定)한 경향(傾向)이 없어 거의 무관(無關)하였다. 5. 수도생육상황(水稻生育狀況)은 강우량(降雨量)에 의(依)하여 크게 영향(影響)을 받았으나 처리량(處理量)이 많을수록 완전답(完全沓)과 비슷한 생육(生育)을 하였고 토양중(土壤中)의 염농도(鹽濃度)에 비례(比例)하여 염조해(鹽阻害), 무효분얼(無效分蘖), 비중(秕重)이 증가(增加) 되었다. 6. 정조수량(精租收量)은 CHP 처리량(處理量)에 따라 증가(增加)되었으며 CHP 0.5%구(區)와 정상답(正常沓)의 정조수량(精租收量)이 비슷하였고 CHP-A 1.0%구(區)는 무처리구(無處理區)에 비(比)해 약(約) 15 배(倍) 이상(以上)이었고 정상답(正常沓)보다도 약(約) 25%나 증수(增收)되었음을 보였다. 본(本) 실험(實驗) 결과(結果)로 보아 포장(圃場)에서의 배수(排水) 및 관개(灌漑)등에 관(關)한 토목학적(土木學的)인 관리(管理)가 pot에서와 같이 용이(容易)하게 다루게 될 수 있다면 본(本) CHP의 시용(施用)은 간척사업(干拓事業)에 획기적(劃期的)인 성과(成果)를 얻을 수있을 것이다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.209-221
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• 2010

본 연구는 해안 염해지 수목 식재를 위한 내염성 및 내조성 수종을 선발하고자 한국 서해안 해안림의 식생조사와 토양염분도를 조사 분석하였다. 조사지의 토양염분은 전체 평균 $EC_{1:5}$ 0.11dS$m^{-1}$이었고, 최저 0.00dS$m^{-1}$, 최고 0.68dS$m^{-1}$이었다. 토양염분($EC_{1:5}$)은 해안 정선으로 부터 내륙 방향으로 갈수록 낮았으며, Ⅰ지대>Ⅱ지대>Ⅲ지대>Ⅳ 지대 순으로 각각 $EC_{1:5}$ 0.14dS$m^{-1}$, 0.11dS$m^{-1}$, 0.10dS$m^{-1}$, 0.08dS$m^{-1}$이었다. 출현한 자생식물은 52과 104속 24변종 157종 총 181분류군이었다. 토양염분이 가장 높은 단계인 $EC_{1:5}$ 0.51dS$m^{-1}$를 초과하는 곳에서 EC의 특이값 또는 이상치의 수준으로 여러 번 출현하는 수종은 곰솔, 청미래덩굴, 떡갈나무, 졸참나무 등이었다. $EC_{1:5}$ 0.41~0.50dS$m^{-1}$에서는 $EC_{1:5}$ 0.40dS$m^{-1}$ 이하에 속하는 식물들 이외에도 왕자귀나무, 멀구슬나무, 계요등으로 출현빈도가 매우 낮았다. 전체 지대에 출현하는 수종은 리기다소나무, 소나무, 곰솔, 노간주나무 등 이었고, 중요도가 높은 수종은 소나무, 곰솔, 이대, 청미래덩굴, 굴피나무 등이었다. 이러한 수종은 조사지의 자생 수종들 중에서 다른 수종에 비하여 상대적으로 내조성이 강한 것으로 판단되었다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2006

To investigate inflow path of the East Sea Intermediate Water (ESIW) into the Ulleung Basin, hydrographic data surveyed in July 2005 were analyzed. The ESIW was characterized by the Salinity Minimum Layer (SML) within a depth range of 100 to 360 meters. Averaged potential temperature and salinity of the SML were $1.835^{\circ}C$ and 34.049 psu, respectively. Mean potential density $({\sigma}_{\theta})$ of the SML was 27.221 with a standard deviation of 0.0393. On isopycnal surfaces of 27.14 and 27.18 $({\sigma}_{\theta})$ which correspond to upper layers of the ESIW, the coastal low salinity water was separated from the offshore low salinity water by the relatively warm and saline water which might be affected by the Tsushima Warm Current Water. Relatively cold and fresh water, however, intruded into the Ulleung Basin from the region of Korean coast on isopycnal surfaces of 27.22 and 27.26 which was lower layer of the ESIW. The salinity distribution in the isopycnal layer of $27.14{\sim}27.26$ with acceleration potential on 27.22 up surface also showed clearly that the low salinity water flowed from the coastal area and intruded into the Ulleung Basin. This implies that the ESIW flows ken the north to the south along the east coasts of Korea and spreads into the Ulleung Basin in summer.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.147-161
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• 2016

To start with, finding a sustainable method to produce sweet water and electricity by using renewable energies is one of the most important issues at this time. So, experimental and theoretical analysis of the performance of a closed solar powered still, which is jointed to photovoltaic cells and vacuum pump and equipped by nano plate, as the principle stage of zero discharge desalination process is investigated in this project. Major goal of this work is to reuse the concentrated brine of the Mobin petrochemical complex in order to produce potable, sweet water from effluent saline wastewater and generating electricity in the same time by using solar energy instead of discharging them to the environment. It is observed the increase in brackish water temperature increases the average daily production of solar desalination still considerably. Therefore, the nano plate and vacuum pump are added to augment the evaporation rate. The insolation rate, evaporation rate, the average brackish temperature, ambient temperature, density are investigated during a year 2013. In addition to obtain the capacity of solar powered still, the highest and lowest amount of water and electricity generation are reported during a twelvemonth (2013). Results indicate the average daily production is increased 16%, which represents 7.78 kW.h energy saving comparing with traditional solar still.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.5-8
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• 2001

Background and Objectives： Complications arising from endotracheal intubation are uncommon but, when they do occur, can be significant. Placement of an endotracheal tube frequently results in trauma to the underlying laryngeal and tracheal tissue, although the trauma is usually reversible. Occasionally, these changes can be of a more permanent nature and result in severe impairment of the airway and/or voice. It is proposed that a common factor-gastroesophageal reflux-might be responsible. This study was performed in order to develop the animal model of LPRD using rats and investigated that LPRD could produce significant damage to larynx especially vocal cords. Materials and Methods : The each four rats were used in the experiment and control study. Each was anesthetized and larynx was exposed and injured in the unilateral aritenoid. Injured site was contact with normal saline(control group) and synthetic gastric juice(experimental group). The larynx was examined after 7days in normal environment. Results : All was survived in the control group and two was survived in the experimental group. In the control group, some inflammation cells was found but in the experimental group, granulation was found. Conclusion : We developed animal model of LPRD using rat and thought LPRD may Play an important role in the development of permanent laryngeal injury.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.342-354
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• 2018

Suaeda japonica is a halophytic plant that lives in mudflat at intertidal zone of western and southern coastal areas of Korea. The seawater-living plants showed a purple color during their whole life. In contrast, freshwater-living plants displayed a green color in leaves. When seawater-living plants were transferred to potting soil, the purple color was gradually changed to green in the leaves. The extracted purple pigment compound exhibited typical characteristics of betacyanin that were represented by water solubility, pH- and temperature-dependent color changes, sensitivity to light, UV-Vis spectra, and gel electrophoretic migration pattern. The LC-MS analysis of the extracted pigment compound showed the presence of two major protonated molecular ions ($[M+H]^+$) at m/z 651.1 and m/z 827.1. Antioxidant activity of the pigment compound was determined using stable free radical DPPH assay. It was found to have an antioxidant activity that is linearly increased in proportion to the reaction time for up to 30 min, and the activity was comparable to that of control BHA at 9.0 mg/ml. The anticancer activity against several tumor cell lines was also examined following the MTT assay. The significant growth inhibitory effect was observed on two tumor cell lines, SW-156 (human kidney carcinoma) and HEC-1B (human endometrial adenocarcinoma). Probably, the pigment compound may function as an osmolyte to uphold halotolerant physiological processes in saline environment.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.745-751
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• 2011

In most agricultural soils, ammonium ($NH_4^+$) from fertilizer is quickly converted to nitrate ($NO_3^-$) by the process of nitrification which is crucial to the efficiency of N fertilizers and their impact on the environment. However, nitrification studies have been studied extensively in agricultural soils, not in a newly reclaimed tidal soil which show saline-sodic and high pH. Therefore, understanding the fate of nitrogen species transformed from urea introduced into reclaimed tidal soil is important for nutrient management and environmental quality. This paper reviewed studies regarding to transformation and fate of nitrogen sources such as urea under the circumstances of a reclaimed tidal soils located in a western coastal area.