• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.18-23
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• 2015

The flash point is used to categorize inflammable liquids according to their relative flammability. The flash point is important for the safe handling, storage, and transportation of inflammable liquids. The flash point temperature of two binary liquid mixtures($CCl_4+o-xylene$ and $CCl_4+p-xylene$) has been measured for the entire concentration range using Tag open cup tester. The flash point temperature was estimated using Raoult's law, UNIQUAC model and empirical equation. The experimentally derived flash point was also compared with the predicted flash point. The empirical equation is able to estimate the flash point fairly well for $CCl_4+o-xylene$ and $CCl_4+p-xylene$ mixture.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.250-262
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• 1995

Investigation on the appendices was carried out to acquire teaching materials about improvement of a appendices and development of teaching-learning activities for science textbooks in Korean middle schools. We analysed the appendices for 30 kinds of science textbooks used in Korean middle schools during $1969{\sim}1994$ years. In the results there were three kinds of pattern for the appendices, such as appendix, non-appendix, and similar appendix without appendix title. The content of appendices were summarized as six categories. such as list of science and scientist history, SI unit-constants and symbols, handling methods of instruments for basic experiments, measuring methods and inquiry activity, safety and precautions, and supplementary data with figures and tables. The appendices of six categories were mostly a content of general and integrated science, and were concentrated in the first grader's textbooks. There were many appendices about the methods for basic experiments such as 'How to Use of Experimental Appliances' in the first grader's science textbooks, but there was no or lack of them in the second and the third grader's science textbooks in the middle school. By the ratio to the pages of appendices which were included according to curriculum changes. the ratio was found to be 4.47% which was the highest in middle school science textbooks at the second curriculum and to be 3.47% which was the highest in high school biology textbooks at the second curriculum. The results of this study indicated that the science textbooks should include as many appendices as possible, because teachers could utilize them in teaching activities and students should be able to be given much help in self-learning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.18-23
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• 2016

Self-assembly of organic molecules is formed spontaneously on surfaces by electrostatic interaction with substrate. This research has shown that the self-assembly improves safety and handling tractability of high-energetic materials (HEMs). According to the recent study, control of the specific crystal size for reducing the internal defects is mightily important, because the internal defects are a factor in unstability of HEMs. In turn, we performed self-assembly of organic molecules and HEMs by using nano-sized HEMs, which were produced by drowing-out or milling/crystallization. Surface modification efficiency was decided by size distribution, zeta-potential, friction sensitivity and electrostatic charge.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.263-268
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• 2015

Put your information in the object-based sensors and mobile networks has been developed that correlate with ubiquitous information technology as the development of IT technology. However, a security solution is to have the data stored in the server, what minimal conditions. In this paper, we propose a data management method is applied to a hash chain of the properties of the multiple techniques to the data used by the big user and the data services to ensure safe handling large amounts of data being provided in the big data services. Improves the safety of the data tied to the hash chain for the classification to classify the attributes of the data attribute information according to the type of data used for the big data services, functions and characteristics of the proposed method. Also, the distributed processing of big data by utilizing the access control information of the hash chain to connect the data attribute information to a geographically dispersed data easily accessible techniques are proposed.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Background: The use of radiation and radioisotopes in Korea has been increasing each year, and its impact on economy and industry is expected to be increasing progressively following the development of industrial technology and the expansion of their usage. To establish and supporting policies for industries using radiation and radioisotopes, it is necessary to check the status of related industries accurately, as well as to gather data required to establish plans for industrial development by studying both revenues and economic scale (contributing to revenue). Materials and Methods: To analyze the status of utilization, surveys were carried out on 6,621 organizations engaged in nuclear operations handling radiation and radioisotopes pursuant to the Nuclear Safety Act as of end 2014, on 33,471 medical institutions using radiation generators for medical and diagnostic purposes pursuant to the Medical Service Act, and on 2,218 organizations using radiation generators for animal diagnostics pursuant to the Veterinary License Act. Results and discussion: The overall status of the domestic radiation market including the number of user organizations, that of employees, and the size of distributions (imports, productions, and exports) with which the scale of domestic radiation market can be judged showed a growth trend compared to the previous year, though the number of employees for radiation operation in industrial sector, research sector, education sector, military sector, and power plants (nuclear power plants) and the size of imports was reduced somewhat. Conclusion: It is expected that data acquired through periodic surveys on the status of utilization would be utilized practically in establishing governmental policies related to the promotion of usage of radiation and radioisotopes, and also be utilized widely in cultivating and developing the industry efficiently to invigorate the related industries.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.187-201
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• 2002

The KN-12 cask is designed to transport 12 PWR spent nuclear fuels and to comply with the requirements of Korea Atomic Energy Act, IAEA Safety Standards Series No.57-1 and US 10 CFR Part 71 for a Type B(U)F package. It provides containment, radiation shielding, structural integrity, criticality control and heat removal for normal transport and hypothetical accident conditions. W.H 14$\times$14, 16$\times$16 and 17$\times$17 fuel assemblies with maximum allowable initial enrichment of 5.0 wt.%, maximum average burn-up of 50,000 MWD/MTU and minimum cooling time of 7 years being used in Korea will be loaded and subsequently transported under dry and wet conditions. A forged cylindrical cask body which constitutes the containment vessel is closed by a cask lid. Polyethylene rods for neutron shielding are arranged in two rows of longitudinal bore holes in the cask body wall. A fuel basket to accommodate up to 12 PWR fuel assemblies provides support of the fuels, control of criticality and a path to dissipate heat. Impact limiters to absorb the impact energy under the hypothetical accident conditions are attacked at the top and at the bottom side of the cask during transport. Handling weight loaded with water is 74.8 tons and transport weight loaded with water with the impact limiters is 84.3 tons. The cask will be licensed in accordance with Korea Atomic Energy Act 3nd fabricated in Korea in accordance with ASME B&PV Code Section 111, Division 3.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.54-60
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• 2015

The autoignition temperature (AIT) of a material is the lowest temperature at which the material will spontaneously ignite. The AIT is important index for the safe handling of flammable liquids which constitute the solvent mixtures. This study measured the AITs of n-decane+ethylbenzene system by using ASTM E659 apparatus. The AITs of n-decane and ethylbenzene which constituted binary system were $210^{\circ}C$ and $430^{\circ}C$, respectively. The experimental AITs of n-decane+ethylbenzene mixture were a good agreement with the calculated AITs by the proposed equations with about $11^{\circ}C$ A.A.D.(average absolute deviation).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.8-14
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• 2015

For the safe handling of 2-methyl-1-butanol being used in various ways in the chemical industry, the flash point and the autoignition temperature(AIT) of 2-methyl-1-butanol was experimented. And, the lower explosion limit of 2-methyl-1-butanol was calculated by using the lower flash point obtained in the experiment. The flash points of 2-methyl-1-butanol by using the Setaflash and Pensky-Martens closed-cup testers measured $40^{\circ}C$ and $44^{\circ}C$, respectively. The flash points of 2-methyl-1-butanol by using the Tag and Cleveland open cup testers are measured $49^{\circ}C$ and $47^{\circ}C$. The AIT of 2-methyl-1-butanol by ASTM 659E tester was measured as $335^{\circ}C$. The lower explosion limit by the measured flash point $40^{\circ}C$ was calculated as 1.30 Vol.%. It was possible to predict lower explosion limit by using the experimental flash point or flash point in the literature.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.8-15
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• 2012

For the safe handling of isopropyl alcohol, the explosion limits were investigated. The lower flash points, upper flash points, fire point, and AITs(autoignition temperatures) by ignition time delay for isopropyl alcohol were experimented. By using literature data, the lower and upper explosion limits of isopropyl alcohol were recommended as 2.0 and 12.0 vol%, respectively. The lower flash points of isopropyl alcohol were experimented $12{\sim}14^{\circ}C$ by using closed-cup tester and $18{\sim}19^{\circ}C$ by using open cup tester. And the upper flash points of isopropyl alcohol was experimented $38^{\circ}C$ by using Setaflash closed-cup tester. This study measured relationship between the AITs and the ignition delay times by using ASTM E659 apparatus was $463^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.219-240
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• 2008

This paper aims to suggest a policy for biological resource based on a comprehensive understanding on biological resources. Biological resources are different from traditionally recognized viable organisms (Biodiversity) in ecosystems. Biological resources are culturable and replicable resources of living organisms such as tissues, cells and genes. Moreover, biological resources include human-derived biological materials. Biological resources is not simply a matter of science and technology. Biological resources should be dealt with as national resources. There are many international issues regarding biological resources, such as intellectual property rights (IPRs), safety on handling and distribution, material transfer agreements (MTAs) for mutual benefits and biological standards. Ethical debates are also being raised because biological resources are related with human-derived biological materials. Every nation has tendency to adopt its government policies to strengthen its sovereignty on biological resources and international cooperation. In addition, international linkages are essential for providing enhanced worldwide accessibility to biological resources. Japan has shown several international initiatives in the field of biological resources. Korea has just begun to design appropriate policies for the use and R&D of biological resources. Therefore, this paper suggests the following needs: 1) policy at the national level beyond the interests of researchers, 2) inter-ministerial coordination across government ministries, 3) expansion of scope and size of each BRC (Biological Resource Centers), and 4) building networks and systems such as national information center, representative centers by field, and each BRC.