• 제목/요약/키워드: safety examination

검색결과 872건 처리시간 0.03초

Population-Based Intervention for Liver Fluke Prevention and Control in Meuang Yang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

  • Kompor, Pontip;Karn, Rattikarn Muang;Norkaew, Jun;Kujapun, Jirawoot;Photipim, Mali;Ponphimai, Sukanya;Chavengkun, Wasugree;Paew, Somkiat Phong;Kaewpitoon, Soraya;Rujirakul, Ratana;Wakhuwathapong, Parichart;Phatisena, Tanida;Eaksanti, Thawatchai;Joosiri, Apinya;Polsripradistdist, Poowadol;Padchasuwan, Natnapa;Kaewpitoon, Natthawut
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.685-689
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    • 2016
  • Opisthorchiasis is still a major health problem in rural communities of Thailand. Infection is associated with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), which is found frequently in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of health intervention in the population at risk for opisthorchiasis and CCA. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Meuang Yang district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeastern Thailand, between June and October 2015. Participants were completed health intervention comprising 4 stations; 1, VDO clip of moving adult worm of liver fluke; 2, poster of life cycle of liver fluke; 3, microscopy with adult and egg liver fluke; and 4, brochure with the knowledge of liver fluke containing infection, signs, symptoms, related disease, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control. Pre-and-post-test questionnaires were utilized to collect data from all participants. Students paired t-tests were used to analyze differences between before and after participation in the health intervention. Knowledge (mean difference=-7.48, t=-51.241, 95% CI, -7.77, -7.19, p-value =0.001), attitude (mean difference=-9.07, t=-9.818, 95% CI=-10.9, -7.24, p-value=0.001), and practice (mean difference=-2.04, t=-2.688, 95% CI=-3.55, -0.53, p-value=0.008), changed between before and after time points with statistical significance. Community rules were concluded regarding: (1) cooked cyprinoid fish consumption; (2) stop under cooked cyprinoid fish by household cooker; (3) cooked food consumption; (4) hygienic defecation; (5) corrected knowledge campaign close to each household; (6) organizing a village food safety club; (7) and annual health check including stool examination featuring monitoring by village health volunteers and local public health officers. The results indicates that the present health intervention program was effective and easy to understand, with low cost and taking only a short time. Therefore, this program may useful for further work at community and provincial levels for liver fluke prevention and control.

방사선 조사된 고불포화지방산 식이를 섭취한 Mouse의 산화적 스트레스 (Oxidative Stress of Mouse Fed Irradiated Diet Containing High Unsaturated Fatty Acid)

  • 서대영;박선영;강명희;서광선;이선영
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제39권7호
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    • pp.599-609
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    • 2006
  • In this study, we investigated the in vivo effect by intake of the irradiated foods such as mackerel and sesame seed which are high in unsaturated fatty acid through TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive subtance) and the tissue pathological and genotoxicological test. Thirty two ICR mice are divided into four groups, one non-irradiated (control) group and three irradiated (5, 10, 20 kGy, respectively) groups. Sesame seed and pulverized mackerel in modified AIN93M diet were mixed together then divided into four identical parts. Three parts of them were irradiated by doses of 5, 10, and 20 kGy. These experimental diet were fed to each group for 4, 8 and] 6 weeks. The results of the study were as follows: No significant differences in weight gain were found in each group. Peroxide value of the irradiated diet was higher than that of the non-radiated one and also increased according to the storage period. TBA values in plasma, liver, kidney and Peyer's patch were not significantly different among 4 groups. DNA% in tail, tail length (TL) and tail moment (TM) values of the blood lymphocyte in 4, 8 and 16 week groups and the liver in 16 week group were much measured over the control DNA % in tail of kidney of 8 week group was significantly than the control and TL and TM of 8 week and TM of 16 week groups showed a tendency of higher values. By Peyer's DNA % in tail of 8 week group, DNA % in tail and TM of 16 week groups increased significantly over the control, Ultrastructural examination shows myeline figures and swollen mitochondria in parietal cells and intestinal epithelial cells of 8 and 16 weeks groups. After this study, we need further investigations on the safety of highly consumed foods which contain high contents of unsaturated fatty acid, largely imported and which are possible to be irradiated.

가습기 살균제 건강영향 모니터링에서 환경노출조사의 역할 (The Role of Exposure Assessment of Humidifier Disinfectant (HD) in the Program to Monitor HD Associated Health Problems)

  • 박소영;박주현;이승희;장우성;김소연;박지훈;문은찬;이예성;김현일;김형철;박동욱
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제46권2호
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    • pp.224-231
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    • 2020
  • Objective: The objectives of this study are to update the information on the characteristics of humidifier disinfectant (HD) usage with HD associated health problems and to discuss the role of HD exposure assessment in the national program to monitor health problems in patients with HD associated diseases. Method: A total of 201 HD associated patients who registered to undergo clinical examination at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital was interviewed to acquire their responses regarding several HD use characteristics, including type of HD brands used, HD use duration, average daily HD use hours, and the volume of the room in which HD was used. The responses of the HD associated patients to HD use-related questions were compared between responses in the lung injury investigation and this study. Results: The responses of HD associated patients in this study were found to be different from those in the lunginjury investigation. In particular, some of the patients who had not answered in the lung-injury investigation were able to answer thanks to assistance from the investigator in this study. For their responses regarding the name of the most commonly used HD brand, the number of patients who did not answer (N=11) was reduced to eight in this study. Significant changes in the responses of study subjects to questions related to HD use were achieved through the interview in this study. Conclusion: This study found significant changes in the responses regarding HD use characteristics. HD exposure assessment should be included in the program in order to allow surveillance of HD associated health problems.

우주식품으로 개발한 30 kGy 감마선 조사된 건조우주비빔밥의 3개월 독성평가 (Toxicity Evaluation of 30 kGy Irradiated Dried Space Bibimbap for Three Months)

  • 박재남;김진경;최단비;김재훈;송범석;이주운;강일준
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제40권7호
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    • pp.956-961
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 건조우주비빔밥의 안전성을 확보하기 위해서 고선량(30 kGy) 조사된 건조우주비빔밥을 ICR 마우스에 3개월간 섭취시킨 다음 독성평가를 수행하였다. 비조사 시료 및 30 kGy 조사 비빔밥을 암수 마우스에 투여를 한 결과 시험기간 동안 시험물질에 의한 임상증상이나 폐사 동물은 나타나지 않았으며, 체중 변화, 사료섭취량 및 주요 장기 무게도 대조군에 비해 차이를 보이지 않았다. 혈액학적 검사 및 혈청학적 검사 모두 정상적인 수치를 나타냈다. 병리조직학적 검사 역시 간 및 신장 모두 정상적인 구조를 유지하고 있었으며 염증, 괴사 등의 유의할 만한 병적 변화도 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서 30 kGy로 감마선 조사된 건조우주비빔밥은 암수 마우스에 3개월간 섭취시켜도 본 시험조건에서는 독성이 없는 것으로 판명되었다.

국내 화강풍화토의 불포화 특성에 관한 연구 (A Study for Unsaturated-Character of Weathered Granite Soil in Korea)

  • 이형규;이인
    • 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.13-20
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    • 2009
  • 최근까지 사면, 제방, 댐 등의 안정해석에는 흙의 포화도를 고려하지 않고 포화상태의 시료에서 얻어진 강도정수를 사용하여 왔다. 이는 포화지반의 개념으로 구조물을 설계하는 것이 이론적 접근이 용이하고 안전측 설계가 가능하기 때문이었으며, 불포화토를 연구하기 위해 소요되는 실험적 비용과 시간 등의 어려움이 많았기 때문이다. 하지만 고전적인 포화토질역학의 개념과 원리로는 실제의 불포화 지반에서 발생하는 현상과 거동이 합리적으로 해석되지 않는 많은 공학적 문제들이 인식되면서 최근 들어 지반의 공학 연구 분야에 불포화토에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 최근 들어 많은 연구자들은 흙 구조물을 보다 합리적으로 해석하기 위하여 구조체의 포화도를 고려하는 해석의 필요성을 제기하고 있다. 불포화토의 역학적 성질을 규명하기 위한 가장 기본적인 요소중의 하나가 바로 '함수특성곡선(SWCC)'이다. 흙은 불포화상태로 갈수록, 즉 함수비가 감소할수록, 흙 내부에 음의 간극수압이 작용되는데 이 음의 간극수압인 모관흡수력(suction)과 체적 함수비(volumetric water content)간의 상관관계를 나타내는 곡선이 함수특성곡선이다. 본 연구에서는 실무에 편리하게 쓰일 수 있도록 국내 화강풍화토에 대한 지역별 자료를 제시하며, 이에 대한 검증을 위하여 이론적 고찰과 검증, 실험적 검증을 하였다. 함수특성곡선의 추정에는 Soil Vision Ltd.의 Soil Vision이 사용되었으며, 추정된 함수특성곡선과 실험적인 방법과 이론적인 방법로 얻어진 함수특성곡선을 비교, 검증하였다.

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심방세동 환자의 심율동전환 시행 전·후 warfarin 치료의 적절성 평가 (Evaluation of Peri-procedural Warfarin Therapy Undergoing Cardioversion in Patients with Atrial fibrillation)

  • 문정연;김보람;조은정;조윤숙;한현주;최의근
    • 한국임상약학회지
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.201-206
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    • 2016
  • Objective: Direct current cardioversion for atrial fibrillation could be associated with the risk of thromboembolic events. Anticoagulation therapy with warfarin (INR 2.0-3.0) is recommended 3 weeks before and 4 weeks after cardioversion to reduce the risk of thromboembolism. This study evaluated warfarin therapy in pharmacist-managed anticoagulant services (ACS). Methods: This retrospective study was performed in 106 patients with atrial fibrillation from 2012 to 2013. The primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death. The primary safety measure was major bleeding. To evaluate the peri-procedural effects of warfarin treatment, we studied whether target INR was maintained, as well as the maintenance period of the therapeutic range. Quality of treatment was measured by time in therapeutic range (TTR) by using the Rosendaal method. Results: There were no thromboembolic events, but TEE examination at time of cardioversion showed a left atrial thrombus in three patients (2.8%). Bleeding complications after cardioversion occurred in 2 patients (1.9%). The average INR value at the time of cardioversion was $2.59{\pm}0.8$, and was within the therapeutic range in 83 patients (78%). Analysis of the patients in whom the value was within the therapeutic range twice consecutively showed that the ratio of TTR was 80% and the therapeutic range was maintained in 67 patients (63%) for an average of 4.90 weeks prior to cardioversion. Similarly, 76 patients (72%) had a stable INR within the therapeutic range for an average of 5.70 weeks and a mean TTR of 83%. Conclusion: Pharmacists significantly contributed to appropriate warfarin treatment with close monitoring during cardioversion. Likewise, active pharmacist monitoring and systemic management should be considered to reduce thromboembolism and bleeding complications in the peri-cardioversion period.

대흑산도의 관속식물상 (Floristic Study of Daeheuksando in Korea)

  • 장창석;양선규;장현도;이로영;박민수;김기홍;오병운
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.518-533
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    • 2014
  • 대흑산도 지역(북위 $34^{\circ}37^{\prime}{\sim}34^{\circ}42^{\prime}$, 동경 $125^{\circ}23^{\prime}{\sim}125^{\circ}38^{\prime}$)에 자생하는 식물상을 밝히고 주요 식물들의 분포를 파악하였다. 2010년 6월부터 2011년 10월까지 총 22회에 걸쳐 현지조사를 실시한 결과 조사지역의 관속식물은 113과 316속 446종 4아종 43변종 3품종의 총 496분류군으로 정리되었다. 이 중 기존의 조사에서는 발견되지 않았으나 본 조사에서 최초로 밝혀진 분류군은 124분류군이었다. 대흑산도에 자생하는 식물들 중에는 한국특산식물 7분류군, 산림청 지정 희귀식물 6분류군, 환경부 지정 멸종위기 야생식물 II급 1분류군, 식물구계학적 특정식물 중 III등급 이상에 해당하는 47분류군 등이 생육하고 있었다. 특히 특산식물 중 떡조팝나무, 흑산도비비추, 홍도원추리, 홍도서덜취 등 4분류군은 한반도에서는 대흑산도를 포함하는 흑산면 도서지역에서만 자생하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 귀화식물은 46분류군이 조사되었다.

양식장 배출물 발효물의 사료첨가에 따른 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 생화학적 반응 (Biochemical Responses in Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus Fed Diet Supplemented with Fermented Aquaculture Sewage)

  • 지정훈;문상욱;김세재;이영돈;금유화;강주찬
    • 한국어병학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.187-195
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    • 2005
  • 양식 산업의 양적 발달에 따라, 이로 인한 배출수 문제는 환경적 측면에서 관심이 증대되고 있다. 특히, 육상 수조식 넙치 양식장에서 배출되는 배출물을 사료 첨가제로 사용하는 것은 환경오염 감소와 자원의 재활용이라는 측면에서 중요한 의미를 가진다. 따라서, 본 연구는 발효물 첨가에 따른 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 간 및 신장의 생화학적 스트레스 반응을 조사하였다. 배출물 발효 조건 및 첨가 농도에 따른 간 중량지수, 글루타치온 함량 및 글루타치온 의존 효소활성 등을 조사한 결과 50% 발효구와 50% 농축구에서 대조구와 비교하여 각각 glutathione peroxidase 효소활성과 간 중량지수의 유의적 증가가 관찰되었지만, 이를 제외한 실험군 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 결과로부터 생화학적 측면에서 발효물 첨가가 간 및 신장 기능과 안전성에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 평가되며, 양식어의 사료 첨가제로서의 환경적 측면에서 고려할 필요성이 대두된다.

Trichosporonoides madida 균주의 성상 및 실험동물에 대한 병원성 (Characterization of Trichosporonoides madida and Evaluation of Virulence in Laboratory Animals)

  • Jong-Bae Kim;Young-Mi Kim;Sang-Wook Park
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.77-82
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    • 1997
  • Trichosporonoides madida와 같이 자연계에서 새로 분리된 균종을 산업 분야에서 이용하기 위하여 이들 균종의 제반성상을 명확히 확인하여야 함은 물론 분리균주의 병원성에 관한 연구가 필수적이다. 본 실험에서는 자연계에서 분리된 T. madida 분리균주의 제반성상을 확인하고 실험동물에 대한 병원성 여부를 체계적으로 조사하여 산업미생물로서의 이용 가능성에 대한 안전성을 검증하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 T. madida N-5-3 분리 균주의 생화학적, 형태학적인 특성은 전형적인 T. madida 균주의 미생물학적인 특징과 모두 일치하였다. T. madida N-5-3 균주의 실험용mouse에서의 복강내 투여 치사량 $(LD_{50})$은 실험에 사용한 $1{\times}10^1$에서부터 $1{\times}10^8$ 투여 시까지 사망하는 동물이 관찰되지 않아 $1{\times}10^8$ 이상인 것으로 확인되었다. 또 $1{\times}10^8$의 시험균주를 실험용 mouse의 복강에 접종한 후 각 시기 별로 심장, 폐, 간, 비장 및 신장에서의 시험균주의 증식 여부를 조사한 결과 간과 비장에서만 접종 후 2일까지 $1{\times}10^{4.3}$에서 $1{\times}10^{2.87}$의 시험균주가 분리되었으나 접종 4일째부터는 시험기간 완료일까지 접종균주가 전혀 관찰되지 않아 실험동물 체내에서 신속히 제거되는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 시험균주 접종에 따른 mouse내부장기의 조직학적인 변화를 조사한 결과 특징적인 병리학적 소견을 관찰할 수 없었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 T. madida N-5-3 분리균주는 산업분야에서 이용시 공중보건학적인 관점에서 비병원성 균주이며 안전한 균주인 것으로 판단된다.

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Single Intramuscular-dose Toxicity of Water soluble Carthmi-Flos herbal acupuncture (WCF) in Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Lee, Hyung-Geol;Kim, Sungchul;Jung, Da-Jung;Choi, Yoo-Min;Sin, Min-Seop;Choi, Seok-Woo;Song, Beom-Yong;Kim, Jong-Uk;Hong, Seung-Won;Yook, Tae-Han
    • 대한약침학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This experiment was conducted to examine the toxicity of Water soluble Carthmi-Flos herbal acupuncture (WCF) by administering a single intramuscular dose of WCF in 6-week-old, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and to find the lethality dose for WCF. Methods: The experiment was conducted at Biotoxtech according to Good Laboratory Practices under a request by the Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute. This experiment was performed based on the testing standards of "Toxicity Test Standards for Drugs" by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group in which normal saline was administered and 3 test groups in which 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mL of WCF was administered; a single intramuscular dose was injected into 5 males and 5 females in each group. General symptoms and body weights were observed/measured for 14 days after injection. At the end of the observation period, hematological and clinical chemistry tests were performed, followed by necropsy and histopathological examinations of the injected sections. Results: No mortalities were observed in any group. Also, symptoms, body weight, hematology, clinical chemistry and necropsy were not affected. However, histopathological examination of the injected part in one female in the 1.0-mL group showed infiltration of mononuclear cells and a multi-nucleated giant cell around eosinophilic material. Conclusion: Administration of single intramuscular doses of WCF in 3 groups of rats showed that the approximate lethal dose of WCF for all rats was in excess of 1.0 mL, as no mortalities were observed for injections up to and including 1.0 mL.