• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.56-59
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• 2002

The four most common types of congenital malformations involving the right atrium(RA) and the coronary sinus(CS) are congenital enlargement of the RA, single RA diverticulum, multiple diverticula of the RA, and aneurysm of the RA or CS. A previously healthy 6year-old child was presented with signs of upper respiratory tract infection. Chest X-ray and echocardiogram revealed a severely isolated right atrial enlargement. The abnormally dilated right atrim was widely resected under cardiopulmonary bypass. Pathology revealed multifocal myocardial loss associated with mild fibrotic changes of the endocardium and epicardium Our experience on this rare congenital disease is presented along with a review of the literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1007-1013
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• 1995

We managed 80 patients of bronchiectasis from Jan.1983 to Dec.1992 admitted to the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital. We evaluated clinically these patients and summarized as follows. Alpha-hemolytic streptococcus was the most commonly found bacterial strain in microbial study. For the conservative treatment, first generation cefalosporins, aminoglycosides and ampicillin were used as antibiotic therapy in this order of frequency. The preoperative final diagnosis was made by bronchography and HRCT. In the image study saccular type bronchiectasis was 47.1%, cylindrical 27.5%, mixed 17.6% and varicose 7.8%. Anatomically left side involvement was more frequent than the right as 61.2% to 38.8% and the most commonly invading lobar area was left lower. Reversibility after conservative treatment for all the types of bronchiectasis was 66%. Surgical treatment were done in 50 cases, among these left lower lobectomy was 38.0%, left lower lobectomy with ligular segmentectomy 22.0%, right middle and lower bilobectomy 16.0%, right lower lobectomy 10.0%, left pneumonectomy 10.0%, right pneumonectomy 4.0%. In 10 cases, there remained some lesion in the other sites of lung parenchyme after first attempt surgical resection because the distribution of lesion is too broad to resect out in single thoracotomy hoping improvement by medical management.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.545-551
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• 2009

Objective : Complex aneurysms such as fusiform and very small aneurysms (< 3 mm) are challenging in neurovascular and endovascular surgery. Author reports follow-up results of 9 cases treated by sole stent technique with pertinent literature review. Methods : A retrospective study was made of 9 patients who were treated by sole stenting technique for cerebral aneurysm between January 2003 and January 2009. Two of them had fusiform aneurysm, 5 had very small aneurysm, and 2 had small saccular aneurysm. Five patients had ruptured aneurysms and four had unruptured aneurysms. Seven aneurysms were located in the internal carotid artery (ICA), 1 in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and 1 in the basilar artery. Follow-up cerebral angiography was performed at post-procedure 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Mean follow-up period is 30 months (ranged from 3 days to 30 months). Results : Aneurysm size was decreased in 6 of 9 cases on follow-up images and was not changed in 3 cases. Although total occlusion was not seen, patients had stable neurological condition and angiographic result. The procedural complication occurred in 2 cases. One was coil migration and the other was suboptimal deployment of stent, and both were asymptomatic. Re-bleeding and thromboembolic complication had not been occurred. Conclusion : Sole stenting technique is relatively effective and safe as an alternative treatment for fusiform and very small aneurysms.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.354-356
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• 2010

Partial thrombosis of giant aneurysms is not uncommon however, complete angiographic occlusion occurs less frequently. In the case of non-giant aneurysms, complete thrombosis and recanalization has been rarely reported. A 31-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sudden bursting headache. Brain computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage on the left side. Both CT angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography showed suspicion of small left anterior choroidal artery aneurysm. We performed surgical exploration. In the operation field, anterior choroidal artery aneurysm of $2{\times}2\;mm$ with broad neck and friable appearance was observed. Because we could not clip without sacrificing the anterior choroidal artery, we performed wrapping only. Follow up CTA after 7 months demonstrated 4 mm right internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysm. The patient underwent aneurismal neck clipping. During the operation, $9{\times}13\;mm$ sized thrombosed aneurysm was detected and completely clipped. We initially thought this aneurysm to be a de novo aneurysm however, it was an aneurysm that had recanalized from a completely thrombosed aneurysm. This case report provides an insight into the potential for complete thrombosis and recanalization of non-giant aneurysms.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.327-331
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• 2011

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical outcomes of surgery and coiling and analyze the predicting factors affecting the clinical outcomes of ruptured posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms. Methods : During the last 15 years, 20 consecutive patients with ruptured PICA aneurysms were treated and these patients were included in this study. The Fisher's exact test was used for the statistical significance of Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) according to initial Hunt-Hess (H-H) grade, treatment modalities, and the presence of acute hydrocephalus. Results : Eleven (55%) and nine (45%) patients were treated with surgical clipping and endovascular treatment, respectively. Among 20 patients, thirteen (65.0%) patients had good outcomes (GOS 4 or 5). There was the statistical significance between initial poor H-H grade, the presence of acute hydrocephalus and poor GOS. Conclusion : In our study, we suggest that initial H-H grade and the presence of acute hydrocephalus may affect the clinical outcome rather than treatment modalities in the ruptured PICA aneurysms.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2009

For the study of the reproductive mechanism associated with the process of vitellogenesis, oocyte development and vitellogenesis during oogenesis in female Boleophthalmus pectinirostris were investigated by electron microscopic observations. The ovary consists of a pair of saccular structures with many ovarian lobules. In the early vitellogenic oocyte, the Golgi complex plays an important role leading to the formation of yolk vesicles containing carbohydrate yolks. At this time many pinocytotic vesicles containing yolk precursors are observed in the cytoplasm near the region of initial formation of the zona radiata. In the late vitellogenic oocytes, the multivesicular bodies, which are formed by modified mitochondria, are involved in the formation of the primary yolk granules. Precursors of yolk granules and multivesicular bodies develop to primary yolk globules with participation of pinocytotic vesicles. After primary yolk globules mix with each other, they develop into secondary and tertiary yolk globules. Based on these findings, vitellogenesis of B. pectinirostris occurs by way of the processes of endogenous autosynthesis and exogenous heterosynthesis. The process of autosynthesis involves the combined activity of the Golgi complex, mitochondria, and multivesicular bodies. However, the process of heterosynthesis involves pinocytotic incorporation of extraovarian precursors into the zona radiata of vitellogenic oocytes by way of the thecal cell layers and granulosa cells.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.38-40
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• 2008

Purpose: Lymphangioma circumscriptum is a rare, congenital benign hamartous malformation, caused by the saccular dilatation of lymph channels lines by normal, single cell, lymphatic endothelia that present as local eruptions of persistent, grouped, translucent vesicles. The lymphangioma circumscriptum lesions may occur on axillary fold shoulder, neck proximal limbs and buccal mucosa. We reported a rare case of lymphangioma circumscriptum on the scalp. Methods: A 15-year-old girl with a $5{\times}3cm$ sized lymphangioma circumscriptum on scalp was examined. It was defined a boundry by ultrasound. And then, a tissue crescent type expander with 120 cc normal saline was inserted on occipital area for a month. After confirmed safety margin of the excised lymphangioma circumscriptum on frozen biopsy and the scalp flap was elevated and covered with empty space. Results: A histopathologic finding revealed that lymphangioma circumscriptum. During 11 months follow up, no relapse was found. Conclusion: We described a rare case of lymphangioma circumscriptum on scalp. By using a tissue expander and excision, we achieved no recurrence and aesthetically satisfactory outcome.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.143-156
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• 2001

The aim of this study was to clarify the differentiation of seminiferous epithelial cells and spermiogenesis in the testis of Rana catesbeiana. Spermatogenesis of R. catesbeiana consists of primary spermatogonia, secondary spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes and spermatids. They were subdivided into eight stages on the basis of the morphological features of the germ cell differentiation. From the spermatocytes except primary spermatogonia to before the spermiation of spermatids were surrounded by spermatocyst. Spermiogenesis of R. catesbeiana can also be divided into three stages on the basis of morphological features of the nucleus and the cytoplasm organelles. Spermatozoon contained a saccular acrosome, a cylindrical and tapered slighty at both ends head, and a tail with only the axoneme.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.301-309
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• 1983

Twenty-three patients with aneurysm were operated between Jan. 1956 to July 1983 at the Department of Thoracic surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. There were 18 males and 5 females in this series. The age ranged from 14 to 68 years with the mean age of 41 years. The etiology of aortic aneurysms was atherosclerosis in 10, trauma in 2, annuloaortic ectasia in 4, syphilis in 1, and unknown etiology in six cases. Among the 4 patients with ascending aortic aneurysm, aortic valve replacement with aneurysmorrhaphy in three patients and Bentall operation in one patient were performed successfully. One patient with entire aortic arch aneurysm was received Dacron graft replacement with anastomosis of brachiocephalic arteries separately under cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no complication. Among 6 patients involving the descending thoracic aorta, three patients were managed by prosthetic bypass graft and aneurysm resection, and another three patients were also managed by prosthetic graft replacement. There were three hospital deaths. There were two thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. One patient in shock state due to preoperative rupture died from cardiac arrest during operative procedure. In another patient who had extensive involvement from the midportion of descending thoracic aorta to the terminal abdominal aorta, the aneurysm was successfully repaired with Dacron graft. In this instance celiac axis, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and right renal artery were anastomosed separately. Eight of the 10 abdominal aortic aneurysms was replaced with prosthetic graft. One saccular aneurysm was treated by resection and primary closure. In another patient, cardiac arrest occurred during operation before definitive procedure. There was one another hospital death in the patient with preoperative rupture.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.491-499
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• 2000

Objective : In the cerebral aneurysm surgery, the goal is complete circulatory exclusion of the aneurysm without compromise of normal vessels. In an operating room, an operator should confirm the completeness and precision of the surgical result, before closing the wound. Object of this study was to determine which cases require intraoperative angiography. Methods : We reported our experience with 48 intraoperative angiographic studies performed during the surgical treatment of cerebral aneurysm of these 48 cases. There were 5 giant(10.4%), 15 globular(1.5-2.5cm)(31.25%) and 28 saccular(58.3%) aneurysm. We recorded the incidence of unexpected findings, such as residual aneurysms, major vessel occlusions. Using Fischer's exact test, we assessed whether unexpected angiographic findings showed any correlation with aneurysm site, size and clinical findings. Results : In 5 cases(10.4%), we detected unexpected angiographic findings which resulted in clip adjustment. By means of clip adjustment, an operator could restore the flow of two major arterial occlusion(4.2%) and also obliterate three persistent filling aneurysms(6.3%). Globular aneurysm was the only factor to predict unexpected angiographic findings(p<0.05). The subgroup of globular and giant aneurysm has a high risk of occlusion of the parent artery and its branches and/or residual aneurysm. There were two minor complications related to this procedure. Conclusion : Intraoperative assessment makes it possible to recognize and correct the technical defect. Particularly in globular aneurysm, we were able to prevent both the chance for another operation and the risk of postoperative complications.