• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제30권4D호
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• pp.423-432
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 공사기획단계와 시공단계에서 공사의 성공적 이행을 보장하기 위해 기존의 리스크관리 프로세스를 살펴보고 이에 적합한 새로운 리스크분석 모델인 CRMS를 제시한다. CRMS는 시공자가 건설공사의 이행중 리스크를 확인하고, 분석하고, 관리해 가기 위한 리스크관리절차이다. 이것은 시공자가 인지한 리스크를 정량화하고 이에 적절한 리스크관리 방안을 수립하는데 큰 도움을 줄 수 있다. 특히 건설공사의 리스크관리 중 가장 중요하고 어려운 부문이 리스크를 인지하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건설공사의 리스크인지를 쉽게 할 수 있는 절차의 개발에 좀 더 집중하였다. 리스크의 확인은 프로젝트의 외적 리스크와 내적 리스크로 구분한다. 글로벌 리스크의 경우 확인을 용이하게 하기 위해 분석에 필요한 목록을 제시하고, 아울러 RBS의 구축방법과 WBS와의 연계방안을 제시하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 리스크관리용 전산시스템을 개발하기 위한 기초자료로 활용되게 될 것이다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2013

Because consumers tend to have negative opinion about a company that neglects social issues like poverty or pollution while it focuses on its own profit, a lot of companies have invested their resources in Corporate Social Responsibility(CSR). CSR has merits of image improving and profit gaining, on the other hand, it has also many shortcomings. First, the cost of CSR may become a heavy financial burden. Specifically, CSR tends to be implemented by a company's unilateral backup, and then this may impose a heavy burden on the company. Second, one cannot expect effects of CSR in a short-term. Because of these shortcomings, the unilateral CSR has gone into alteration of the type of CSR since 1980's. Instead of unilaterality, Cause-Related Marketing(CRM) began to be used for mutual profits among company, consumers, and society. That is, CRM has become to be spotlighted as a new type of CSR. It focuses on partnership between a company and consumers based on cause and mutual profit pursuing through this partnership. So, many contemporary companies prefer CRM activities that derive their positive corporate image, that increase their sales, and that reduce their financial cost. The IBM Matching Grants Program, which is the largest of the IBM-Employee partnership programs, is a typical CRM. This program enables employees and retirees to increase the value of their donations to educational institutions, hospitals, hospices, nursing homes, and cultural & environmental organizations with a matching gift from IBM. Hundreds of educational institutions and thousands of nonprofit organizations have benefited from the contributions by IBM. There might be various types of matching grants. For example, an employee might choose a lump-sum expense or partitioning a lump-sum into a series of small ongoing expenses for his (or her) donation, and a firm might match the employee's total contribution with a lump-sum expense or might match the employee's total contribution with a series of small ongoing expenses. However, it is not easy to find an academic research on which type of matching grant is preferred by employees. This paper shows that an employee prefers the type of matching grants that consists of a lump-sum expense for his (or her) contribution and a series of small ongoing expenses for a firm's contribution [or the type of matching grants that consists of a series of small ongoing expenses for an employee's contribution and a lump-sum expense for a firm's contribution] to the other types of matching grants.

• 분석과학
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.552-558
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• 2005

환경 대기 중에 미량 농도로 존재하는 악취 물질의 측정을 위한 ppm 수준의 다이메틸설파이드($(CH_3)_2S$) 가스 인증표준물질(CRM)을 개발하였다. 이 표준가스는 $(CH_3)_2S$의 농도 수준이 10 umol/mol이고 질소압력이 1500 psi로서, 알루미늄 실린더에 제조되었고, 3년 동안에 0.2% 수준의 안정성을 보였다. 동시에 제조된 표준가스 실린더 4병의 $(CH_3)_2S$ 농도를 가스크로마토그래프-불꽃이온화검출기(GC-FID)로 비교하여 0.4% 수준의 제조 재현성과 0.25%의 중량 및 순도의 표준불확도를 확인하였다. 개발된 $(CH_3)_2S$표준가스의 인증값은 10 umol/mol 수준이었고, 순도, 혼합. 제조, 분석, 흡착성 및 안정성을 모두 고려하여 결정한 인증값의 상대 확장불확도는 1.1%(95%의 신뢰수준, k=2)이었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.498-503
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• 2006

환경 대기 중에 미량 농도로 존재하는 악취 물질의 측정을 위한 ppm 수준의 다이메틸다이설파이드($(CH_3)_2S_2$) 가스 인증표준물질(CRM)을 개발하였다. 이 표준가스는 $(CH_3)_2S_2$의 농도 수준이 $10{\mu}mol/mol$이고 질소압력이 1500 psi로서, 알루미늄 실린더에 제조되었고, 2년 동안에 0.14% 수준의 안정성을 보였다. 동시에 제조된 표준가스 실린더 4병의 $(CH_3)_2S_2$ 농도를 가스크로마토그래프-불꽃이온화검출기(GC-FID)로 비교하여 0.4% 수준의 제조 재현성과 0.25%의 중량 및 순도의 표준불확도를 확인하였다. 개발된 $(CH_3)_2S_2$ 표준가스의 인증값은 $10{\mu}mol/mol$ 수준이었고, 순도, 혼합. 제조, 분석, 흡착성 및 안정성을 모두 고려하여 결정한 인증값의 상대 확장불확도는 1.01%(95%의 신뢰수준, k=2)이었다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제8권3B호
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• pp.276-282
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• 1999

For the quantitative surface analysis of multicomponent materials, algorithms for the compensation of the matrix effect and surface compositional change by ion beam sputtering must be established and reference materials having certified compositions are necessary. These certified reference material (CRM)s are needed for the improvement of instrument performance, inter-laboratory comparison and quantitative surface analysis. Surface analysis group of KRISS developed alloy thin film CRMs by and ion beam sputter deposition system and in-situ surface analysis system to control the composition of alloy thin films The real compositions of the CRMs were certified by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).

• 분석과학
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.376-385
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 고농도 PCBs (Polychlorinated biphenyls)로 오염된 토양류 인증표준물질(Certified reference materials, CRM) 내에 존재하는 17종의 PCDDs/PCDFs를 분석하여 측정의 정확도를 평가하였다. 분석 방법은 2007년 환경부에서 고시한 비의도적 잔류성유기오염물질 공정시험방법을 토대로 하였으나 다층 실리카겔 컬럼과 알루미나 컬럼으로만 정제 시 방해 물질들이 충분히 제거되지 않아 활성탄 컬럼을 추가하여 정제하였다. 정확도의 평가 지표로서는 한국표준과학연구원(KRISS)에서 제시한 |En| 값을 사용하였으며 |En|값이 1이하인 경우 정량 결과를 '만족'으로 판정한다. 본 실험에서 DB-5MS컬럼과 SP-2331 컬럼을 병용하여 CRM을 분석한 결과 17종 2,3,7,8-치환이성체 모두 1 이하의 |En| 값을 얻었다. 또한 DB-5MS 컬럼에서 분리되지 않는 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD와 3,3',4,4',5,5'-HxCB는 선택 이온비를 EPA1613 방법에서 제시한 M+2/M+4 대신 M/M+2로 변경하여 HRGC/HRMS 분석에서 구분이 가능하도록 하였다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제23권
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• pp.1-23
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• 2007

Small and Medium Business Associate has supporting small and medium business and private business for establishment business and sales increasing with various policy since 2005. Arousing the interesting on customer relationship management, small and medium business and private business have recognized the necessity of the concept and introduction the CRM. This study suggested the effectiveness of the CRM throughout real cases of the CRM for small and medium business managers in order to rising sales in such an environment. The case of this study tried to figure it out to accomplish manager's ends of small and medium business to get successful business results based on innovative volition and mind trying to change. The owner who has experience 12 years in meat sales was analyzed the results of aptitude test that the business is highly appropriate to him in personality and aptitude. As also saw the strength and opportunity of SWOT analysis, he has an excellent talent for friendship, knowledge of searching Internet and organizing information, and learning ability. This study provided a marketing policy, ideas of customer services and system remodeling to improve relationship with customer, and a division diagnosis of business activities. The owner has an excellent friendship, so that this study suggest to remodel interior inside store clearly and sanitary displaying on products, to introduce aggressive and concentrated marketing strategies, and to recognize the important of public relation.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2001년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.65-71
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• 2001

With ever-change and increasingly competitive business environments, firms strive to employ a variety of marketing strategies and execution in order to survive in the market. Such effects would be paid off in the right way only when management of the firms perform marketing activities focusing on long term effectiveness, which would drive company profits up and keep them for long. Demands of customers are being changed and varied. And in this circumstance, it become a main issue of management that the company should produce and sell products according to the customer demands. With these trends, each company has been concentrating effects on generalization of product development technique and distinction of service lot customer In this result with the advantage of mass marketing and database marketing have been drawing attentions from company. Also the internet connected around the world completely diminished the limit of time and distance and company have enveloped keen competition out of each nation and continent in the world market. To fulfill these demands of customer, they need a concept of eCRM(Web based Customer Relationship Management), and go from selling products and services, or gathering customer requests, up to the phase of solving customer's problem by real time or Previous action. With the help of Internet, the frequency and speed of the problem solving has improved greatly.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제5권
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• pp.61-79
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• 2000

This research suggests the strategic adoption methodology of Customer Relationship Management. The backgrounds of CRM is the business environment changing that Market power is shifting to the customer who has unprecedented powers of choice today. The strategic adoption of Customer Relationship Management determines the value, needs and preferences of each customer or customer segment. Customer Relationship Strategy is an explicitly defined plan for how a company has decided to connect with, relate to, and focus on its chosen customers to create value. Deliberate decisions must be made, often involving trade-offs, so that investments are aligned with customer needs and value. Plan defined in terms of target customers value proposition, role in value delivery, and risk/reward sharing. All customers are not created equal; specific customers and/or customers segments are more desirable/valuable to pursue. Key premise of CRM is that value can be created by changing company's business model to better connect with customers. Area of service of Customer Relationship Management are as follows. Portfolio strategy, Market Opportunity Assessment, Brand Equity, Market Positioning, Pricing, Channel Strategy, Market Segmentation. Target Market Identification, Customer LifeTime Value Analysis, Customer Profitability, Customer Connections Economics Analysis. The objects of CRM are maximizing customer service effectiveness, improving customer loyalty, increasing customer service efficiency, optimizing intelligence about customer behaviors and preferences.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2018

In this paper, we designed a system that integrate and organize customer management programs and databases, which are performed independently of each other. And we designed the system so that it can be used for future marketing by implementing the system to share and efficiently utilize mutual independent maintenance information. From the CRM perspective, a comprehensive information system ghat manages every information on both new cars and second hand cares grom their purchase, to parts, to insurance, and to scraping needs to be established. The following should be applied in the establishment of the IAMS. Auto makers or auto maintenance services providers exclusive management of information on customers and their car maintenance services is aggravating the customer's inconvenience and complaints. In addition, the service provider has difficulty providing consistent maintenance services because it has little information about previous auto maintenance services the customer received. Besides, the customers who have no information on costs of parts and labor tend to hesitate to trust the costs of maintenance services. This study to provide customers with systematic maintenance service and causing them some inconvenience. Therefore, in order to maintain existing customers, auto maintenance service providers should provide services the customers wanted on the basis of accurate information about them.