• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.3_2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

Three sides by the waters of the country in which the topography of the peninsula is a treasure trove of natural resources in the country to recognize the importance of the sea and maritime territorial and maritime policy for the protection of rights, such as to promote the country striving to strengthen haeyangryeok. However, marine activities is 200 sea miles exclusive economic zone of the stage (EEZ) and the continental shelf extends as the, EEZ waters of the overlapping jurisdiction, Books sovereignty, marine scientific research and development, including the continental shelf surrounding the deepening relationship between the neighboring countries and complex understanding including international cooperation and coexistence between countries to be competitive. This time the Coast Guard 's maritime sovereignty existing patron driven from the accident prevention safety management system, from our sea, has been kept firmly. However, due to the new issue of disaster lies in the fate of marine police became dismantled. This real time so that you can be reborn as a marine police force structure. Structure to change the way the rescue operation. Expenses, Shore, you will need to increase the professionalism of pollution.

• Strategy21
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• s.46
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• pp.57-88
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• 2020

Surrounded by powerful states, Korean maritime and airspace jurisdiction is constantly exposed to intrusions by its neighbors. Korean government has been, however, exercising significant degree of moderation in response to the occasions. This is where my research starts off: why does Korean government implement only mild measures, which sometimes seem to be insufficient, to infringements on maritime and airspace jurisdiction? I found the answer from the principles and rules of international law: to promote peace and prosperity of the international community, it placed limitations on state rights and prohibited use of force. This point will be elaborated in the paper by examining the contents of restriction and the history of the relevant principles. In the second part of the paper, I explore what strategy could be employed by a state to protect its jurisdiction under present international legal regime. Interestingly, international law, which restricts state jurisdiction, at the same time provides opportunities for lesser powers to protect their state jurisdiction. In the meantime, diplomatic efforts are required. I offer examples of Norway and Philippines, who successfully upheld their arguments against powerful states via international legal regime.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.166-172
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• 2002

The top shell, Omphalius pfeifferi capenteri meat vacuum-packed in can (diameter$\times$height, 74.1mm$\times$50.7mm) were heated at 115$^{\circ}C$ up to $F_0$ values of 5 min, 10 min, 15 min and 20 min, and the changes in food components were studied. After 14 days storage at 37$^{\circ}C$ and 55$^{\circ}C$, no growth of microorganism and panelling were recognized from the canned meats which were sterlized at 115$^{\circ}C$ with $F_0$ value of S min and over. In the case of proximate composition of the canned meats, the moisture content decreased with the increase of $F_0$ value, while crude protein increased. The increase of volatile basic nitrogen content, pH and degree of browning and the decrease of mineral, total amino acid, free amino acid, trimethylamine oxide, total creatinine contents and yields were observed during thermal processing, In sensory evaluation on color, texture and taste in the canned meats, no significant difference was observed among a boiled sample and the canned meats heated at re value of 10 min and below. But, in the canned meats heated at $F_0$ value of over 15 min, its sensory scores decreased with the increase of $F_0$ value. From these results, the reasonable $F_0$ value for preparation of the heat-treated top shell meats was in the range of 5$\~$10 min.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.439-445
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• 2008

Various turning tests were carried out according to the rudder angle, turning direction, and the speed etc. with the ship's maneuverability measuring system on the training ship HANBADA. After that they were compared with each other on the turning circle, maneuvering performance index and the distance of new course, and then found out that they were satisfied with the IMO maneuvering standards. And the turning circles of port were smaller than those of starboard with all the rudder angles and maneuvering indexes such as K and T were relatively bigger than other vessels. Also, the distance cf new course was measured to $125{\sim}300m$ in case of the new course on $30^{\circ}{\sim}90^{\circ}$. All of these results will be helpful to escape from collision and to alter course on coastal voyage.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7761-7772
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• 2015

This study describes the spatio-temporal distributions in phytoplankton community such as species composition, standing crops and dominant species from April to November 2008 in the Jeju Marine Ranching Area (JMRA). A total of 106 species of phytoplankton belonging to 63 genera was identified. In particular, diatoms and dinoflagellates were occupied more than 61% and 35% of total species, respectively. The annual dominant species were Skeletonema costatum-like species(ls) in April, Torodinium teredo, Cylindrotheca closterium, Scrippsiella trochoidea in June, S. costatum - ls, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Ebria tripartita in September and Corethron pennatum, Dictyocha fibura, Neoceratium teres in November. Phytoplankton cell density ranged between $0.6cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in June and $64.0cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in April. It fluctuated with an annual mean of $11.7cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ between the lowest value of $0.9cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in November and the highest value of $37.0cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ by S. costatum -ls in April. Diversity index in September was higher than diatom blooming seasons in April. According to the phytoplankton community structure, the biological oceanographic characteristics of the JMRA was characterized by nanoplankton during a year. That is, primary production is deemed to have a higher possibility of being adjusted by a reproduction by material cycle in the ecosystems than nutrients supply from the lands.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.10 s.106
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• pp.833-838
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• 2005

This paper is to investigate the minimum safe distance between T/S Hanbada and a group of vessels participating in the event hosted by M broadcasting station who asked T/S Hanbada to keep a distance from $100m{\sim}500m$. The minimum safe distance was assessed by using ES Model which evaluates quantitatively the difficulty of shiphandling, and the simulation of marine traffic flow. As a result the minimum safe distance of T/S Hanbada moving at a speed of 2 knots turns out about 260m and is compared with the actual value.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.247-256
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• 2002

Distribution of surface and suspended sediments was studied to understand sedimentary processes of finegrained sediment near the cooling water intake of Pyongtaek power plant on the west coast of Korea. The grainsize of surface sediment during the winter was coarser in the opened northern area than sheltered southern area. During the summer, finer sediment was found in the east (landward) than west due under dominantly the influence of tidal current. The concentration of suspended sediments was higher in the winter than summer and in the mid- to deep waters than surface waters. Asymmetry of tidal current induced net landward transport of suspended sediments. Landward transport of suspended sediments was most significant at the beginning of flood time when water level is low. Net suspended sediment fluxes ranged from 3.4$\times$10$^{-3}$ kg.m$^{-2}$ .s$^{-1}$ to 5.7$\times$10$^{-3}$ kg.m$^{-2}$ .s$^{-1}$ This large landward transport of suspended sediments is attributable to combination of enhanced flow induced by intake of cooling water and artificial structures near the water intake.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 2016

This study describes the spatio-temporal distributions in phytoplankton community such as species composition, standing crops and dominant species from April to November 2008 in the Uljin Marine Ranching Area (UMRA). A total of 123 species of phytoplankton belonging to 67 genera was identified. In particular, diatoms and dinoflagellates were occupied more than 60.5% and 34.6% of total species, respectively. The annual dominant species were Thalassiosira sp., Pseudo-nitzschia pungens in spring, Leptocylindrus danicus, Guinardia striata in early summer, Cheatoceros cirvisetus, Ch. decipiens in early autumn and Skeletonema costatum -ls (like species), Pn. pungens in autumn. Phytoplankton cell density fluctuated with an annual mean of $48cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ between the lowest value of $1.8cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in early autumn and the highest value of $240cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in spring. According to the cluster analysis, the phytoplankton community of the UMRA was characterized by the nutrient supply from land side and water movement as current.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.283-293
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• 2012

In order to have better insights into the chemical differentiation of Earth from its magma ocean phase to the current stratified structure, detailed information of crystallization kinetics of silicate melts consisting of the magma ocean is essential. The structural transitions in oxide glasses and melts upon crystallization provide improved prospects for a systematic and quantitative understanding of the crystallization processes. Here, we report the $^{27}Al$ 3QMAS NMR spectra for sol-gel synthesized $Al_2O_3$ glass with varying temperature and annealing time. The NMR spectra for the amorphous $Al_2O_3$ show well-resolved Al coordination environments, characterized with mostly $^{[4,5]}Al$ and a minor fraction of $^{[6]}Al$. The fraction of $^{[5]}Al$ in the alumina phase decreases with increasing annealing time at constant temperature. The NMR results of $Al_2O_3$ phases also imply that multiple processes (e.g., crystallization and/or changes in structural disorder within glasses) could involve upon its phase transition. The current results and method can be useful to understand crystallization kinetics of diverse natural and multi-component silicate glasses and melts. The potential result may yield atomic-level understanding of Earth's chemical evolution and differentiation from the magma ocean.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.41
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• pp.177-197
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• 2015

This study found that La hija del mar (1859) by Rosalía de Castro describes, as the background to the work, the lives of Galicians, along with the movement of the sea, scenes of the coast, storms, and lively plants in Muxía, a small city of Galicia and Cabo de Finisterre. It was shown that the nature of Galicia, as described in the work, is a beautiful site where fishermen and farmers live among the full aroma of plants and flowers, as well as being a subject of fear to the people there. Furthermore, it was also shown through the funeral process, along with a depiction of the natural environment, the unique place of Galicia is part of the traditional heritage that the Galician people have preserved, in which Roman Catholic rituals are mixed with superstitious rites. Moreover, the author shows through a description of the excessive drinking culture of Dionysian rites or Libation rites that Galicia is a land with longstanding and profound folk customs, as well as a special culture. It was proved that the work is a specific representation of the author's perspective. Thus, Rosalía depicts the lives of people and the natural environment, which have not been examined profoundly, although they always existed in Galicia. This provides space where the external reality of Galicia and part of the identity of Galicia can be elucidated.