• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.35-48
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• 1995

The drastic change of spatial structure in rural area and the recent rural development policies(related to settlement reorganization and plot rearrangement) make the rural space planning more important than ever. So this paper tries to evaluate the institutional aspects of rural spatial planning system focused on planning area. land use classification and hierachical order between existing plans. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the rural planning areas are classified into 4-tiers(e.g., Gun, Myon, District, Village). Second, the rural land use planning has 3-tiers(e.g., macro, mediate and micro zoning) from the viewpoint of land use classification system, but it doesn't have mediate-micro zoning system. Third, the spatial plans in rural area, positioned in local planning, were categorized into regional planning system and land use planning system. However there's no linkage between both sides of each hierachial planning order.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.19-26
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• 2015

Korea's housing polices, which have tended to be focused on quantity rather than quality, have since the 1970s given rise to a housing culture centered on apartment units. Such housing polices have resulted in urban sprawl in the metropolitan areas, and a growing polarization between urban and rural areas. In addition, the issue of "dehumanization" has emerged as a result of the interchangeable urban landscapes and the growing number of high-rise residential buildings. In short, the residential communities of the past, such as towns and villages, have disappeared and been replaced with societies that value individuality and anonymity. The purpose of this paper is to analyze urban structure Gyeongju traditional housing complex. This is to analyze the traditional Hanok residential complex of superiority and characteristics of Gyeongju. This enables future planning should be introduced in Gyeongju hanok.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.77-105
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• 1996

The rural problems which we are facing start from the extremely small sized population and the skewed population structure by age and sex. Thus we analyzed the change of the rural population. And we analyzed the recent return migration to the rural areas by comparing the recent in-migrants with out-migrants to rural areas. And by analyzing the rural village survey data which was to show the current characteristics of rural population, we found out the effects of the in-migrants to the rural areas and predicted the futures of rural villages by characteristics. The changes of rural population composition by age was very clear. As the out-migrants towards cities carried on, the population composition of young children aged 0~4 years was low and the aged became thick. The proportion of the population aged 0~4 years was 45.1% of the total population in 1970 and dropped down to 20.4% in 1995, which is predicted to become under 20% from now on. In the same period(1970~1995), the population aged 65 years and over rose from 4.2% to 11.9%. In 1960, before industrialization, the proportion of the population aged 0~4 years in rural areas was higher than that of cities. As the rural young population continuously moves to cities it became lower than that in urban areas from 1975 and the gap grew till 1990. But the proportion of rural population aged 0~4 years in 1995 became 6.2% and the gap reduced. We can say this is the change of the characteristics of in-migrants and out-migrants in the rural areas. Also considering the composition of the population by age group moving from urban to rural area in the late 1980s, 51.8% of the total migrants concentrates upon age group of 20~34 years and these people's educational level was higher than that of out-migrants to urban areas. This fact predicted the changes of the rural population, and the results will turn out as a change in the rural society. However, after comparing the population structure between the pure rural village of Boeun-gun and suburban village of Paju-gun which was agriculture centered village but recently changed rapidly, the recent change of the rural population structure which the in-migrants to rural areas becomes younger is just a phenomenon in the suburban rural areas, not the change of the total rural areas in general. From the characteristics of the population structure of rural village from the field survey on these villages, we can see that in the pure rural villages without any effects from cities the regidents are highly aged, while industrialization and urbanization are making a progress in suburban villages. Therefore, the recent partial change of the rural population structure and the change of characteristics of the in-migrants toward rural areas is effecting and being effected by the population change of areas like suburban rural villages. Although there are return migrants to rural areas to change their jobs into agriculture, this is too minor to appear as a statistic effect.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.101-112
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• 2000

Green environment is most important factor to human being taking a side view of psychological aspect. But, as the civilization progresses rapidly, the green environment decreases. At present, various environmentally friendly methods are developed to prevent the ill effect of the concretes. n this study, Ecostone retaining wall method, which is a kind of environmentally friendly block, are used for verifying the application to the slope stability and protection of rural hosing. In case of rural hosing and structure, the height of the slope is not high and additional loading doesn't act on the slope except the gravity loading of housing and structure. From the result of the stability analysis of Ecostone, 3m to 7m Ecostone retaining wall can have an equivalence capacity comparing with the concrete retaining wall. Therefore, Ecostone method can apply to retaining wall with the structural safety and environmentally friendly aspect using the plants and vegetation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.12
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• pp.225-267
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• 1985

This study is aimed to assure that the agricultural technical information which is the important factor to increase rural production should be widely used by rural communities, and for the wide circulation for the technical information, the appropriate information system is available for the farmers and extention workers who are responsible for the information transfer to farmers. The study is also aimed to find out an outline of a structure and characteristic of the appropriate information system for the rural communities in Korea. The method used to accomplish the purpose of the study, the modernization theory of agriculture of T. W. Schultz was examined and assertions of the information specialists regarding the issues of information transfer and agricultural information system :in developing countries were analyzed. Through the above literary research, the author tried to create the most suitable characteristic and structure of agricultural information system in rural communities in Korea. To justify the author's assertion, a survey through questionniares for a typical rural province was attempted. The assertion that the author tried to convey as the most suitable agricultural information system of this country is the establishment agricultural information analysis center mainly for the extention workers and designing information system which has affiliation between the rural guidance office which is already situated every unit of administractive districts all over the country and public library which is now not properly located and functioned.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2005

This study investigated structural changes of the Korea's agriculture and proposed the new direction of rural and agricultural policy in Korea after economic opening. The major results may be summarized as follows: Firstly, the study identified structural changes of the country's peasantry under the economic opening system. Korean agriculture has been deteriorated in population structure, arable land size, and income composition. Secondly, according to above analysis on these changes it suggested that the traditional rural communities were exposed to collapse and this unwanted disaster could result in serious adversities to the national economy. Thirdly, this study proposed preservation policies for small scale farming households and also administrative preparations of multi-dimensional approaches leading to successful rural and agricultural planning.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2016

Throughout the economic development era of Korea, migration occurred within a spatial hierarchy, with upward flows from rural areas to urban. The concept of step migration is a typical theory to explain these upward migration flows. Recent migration data and trends, however, indicate that migration-pattern regime shows strongly opposite-direction flows, with many of the major migration flowing downward on this national-spatial hierarchy, away from urban areas. In this study, we examine the most recent structure of migration flows up and down within the national-spatial hierarchy. We define seven tiers to tabulate origin-destination migration flows from population density of local administrative districts for the period 2001-2014, and then analyze the migration patterns between the tiers over time. The results show differentiated patterns of migration within the national-spatial hierarchy over time including specific states of migrants' life cycles.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.147-161
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• 2017

Climate changes from global warming and reduction in agricultural land result in volatility of prices of agricultural products, causing a imbalance of food market in Korea. It is necessary to develop a transnational food industry cooperation system among Korea, China and Russia that directly or indirectly affect food industry in terms of the whole industrial network. This study analyzes the value chain and linkage in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industries in three nations. The unit structure and the industrial patterns of three nations were derived using the World Input-output Table (WIOT) from 2004 to 2014 every five years. This paper is expected to contribute to develop food security cooperation in the northern part of the Korean peninsula and to promote the mutual growth of food industry through industry linkage and cooperation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.443-451
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• 2021

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is widely cultivated in tropical regions worldwide owing to its high nutritional value. Finger millet is more tolerant against biotic and abiotic stresses such as pests, drought, and salt than other millet crops; therefore, it was proposed as a candidate crop to adapt to climate change in Korea. In 2019, we used expressed sequence tag simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of 102 finger millet accessions from two geographical regions (Africa and South Asia) to identify appropriate accessions and enhance crop diversity in Korea. In total, 40 primers produced 116 alleles, ranging in size from 135 to 457 bp, with a mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.18225. Polymorphism was detected among the 40 primers, and 13 primers were found to have PIC values > 0.3. Principal coordinate and phylogenetic analyses, based on the combined data of both markers, grouped the finger millet accessions according to their respective collection areas.Therefore, the 102 accessions were classified into two groups, one from Asia and the other from Africa. We have conducted an in-depth study on the finger millet landrace pedigree. By sorting out and using the molecular characteristics of each pedigree, it will be useful for the management and accession identification of the plant resource. The novel SSR markers developed in this study will aid in future genetic analyses of E. coracana.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2009

The recent interest in historic protection of rural landscape concentrates on the cultural landscape. Historic rural landscape properties in the United States America have protected in the national historic preservation system as National Register of Historic Places to contribute to the enhancement of the national identity and economy. This Paper focuses on research of the National Register of historic rural landscape and applicability to Korea. The work reviews published research report, related regulations and related Bulletins. Some works were conducted by online research including a review of related webpage. The Historic Rural Landscapes in U.S.A are identified and evaluated as historically significant districts, sites, structure, objects, and buildings according to the National Resister Criteria. Those were managed as National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks in National Resister. Government provides national preservation system and tax incentive for historic preservation of rural historic Landscapes.