• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.188-201
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• 2009

Objectives: This study compared the welfare level and leisure activities of children and the youth in urban areas with rural areas, and examined factors affecting their life satisfaction. Methods: The fourth wave of the Youth Panel data collected by the Korea Youth Policy Institute has been utilized. A total of 3,145 sample was drawn, and the average age of the sample was about 17 years old (a sophomore in high-school). T-test and multiple regression has been employed. Results: In almost all welfare related variables including life satisfaction, leisure satisfaction, parent attachment, and relationship with teachers and peers, the rural children and youth showed lower scores than their urban counterparts. The only factor whose score was higher to the rural children and youth was community factor including community attachment and guidance. In terms of leisure (satisfaction) level which was the most influential factor of predicting the variance of life satisfaction, the rural children and youth revealed unfavorable condition, as their accessibility to the facilities was low and there were less facilities in rural areas in the first place. Conclusions: As a way to improve the welfare and cultural level of rural children and youth, this study proposed to make investment to the rural areas by providing them with welfare and leisure infra structure and various welfare and leisure programs. To improve the outdoor leisure activities of the urban children and youth, setting up a sisterhood between urban and rural schools has been suggested.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.68-81
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• 2002

Arthritis patients living in a rural town are thought to have more problems in terms of life stress, social support, and depression than those living in an urban city. But there were few studies which investigated the status of arthritis patients living in a rural town. This study investigated how much life stress they got, which life events were perceived as stress, what kind of social support were most perceived, and how much they were depressed. Fifty six arthritis patients were surveyed using structured questionnaire. Life stress, social support, and depression were assessed using the following scales: Life changes scale, Duke's short scale to measure social support, and CES-D(Center for Epidemiologic Study- Depression), respectively. They were found to perceive life stress in home-work, health and work, in order. And they were found to perceive relatively good social support. But they sot most of social support from their family members especially their spouses and children. Lastly, it was found that they were moderately depressed. Based upon these results, it is suggested that integrative rehabilitation programs which provide professional support and reduce depression are necessary for arthritis patients living in rural towns.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.610-617
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• 2019

The urban-rural complex area in Korea has a distinctive spatial structure where the urban area and rural area coexist. Therefore, in order to cope with the over-depopulation in the rural region of the urban-rural complex area, it is necessary to explore various policies that can prevent the existing residents from leaving, and in fact support them to remain where they currently reside. In this context, this current study analyzed the factors affecting the existing residents' continuous intention to remain by employing the '2017 Chuncheon City Social Survey' as a countermeasure for the over-depopulation of the rural region in the urban-rural complex area. Especially, since a regional identity is determined endogenously, this study used a simultaneous bivariate ordered probit model with giving consideration to the endogenous relationship between a regional identity and a regional residents' intentions. As a result, it was found on analysis that the regional residential intention was higher as the regional identity was stronger. Furthermore, the regional identity was stronger as a householders' age and residence period were longer, and also as the residents were satisfied with their work leisure and life residence balance. It was also found that the residents' intention was higher as the residents' satisfaction with the local medical service and their work was increased. Thus, supporting policy is needed that can provide appropriate quality-of-life services in a timely manner, but only after identifying the demand for these services by the rural residents in the urban-rural complex area.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.233-259
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out about how are physical health, economical states and social relationships of women elderly living alone in an island. The measurement variables are subjective health status, satisfaction of life and a feeling of depression through Activities of Daily Life, social supports, social network and social relationship. First, the ADLs of the aged women living alone in the island are that can't do themselves 23.4%, and need to other's help on their walking 23.4%, bathing 6.5%, and going out 10.3%. Second, them answered that is very shortage or shortage with living expenses 46.8%. Average income in a month is under 200thousands won are account for 32% in a rural and 32.4% in an urban but the aged women living alone in an island are account for 35.1%. comparing with that they are living under the absolute poor with a small income less than 300thousands won. Third, social relationships of the aged women living alone in the island are living with an offspring in a same region 50.6%, a neighboring village 11.7%, and living with a relation in same region. At this study differs from other studies are about studying to be compared aged people between rural and urban area. This study is researched comprehensively about more fragility people.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.23-41
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to explore social supports for elderly housing and their residential lives in small cities along rural counties of the United States and Canada, and suggest future implications for age-concentrated rural villages in Korea. In this study, five small and medium cities in non-metropolitan counties of California and Ontario province were visited and elderly residents and service experts were interviewed about their perceptions of community integrated social support networks for senior residences. The senior housing complexes were built due to influx of both metropolitan and rural residents seeking warm localities, traffic connections, business purposes in active production areas. and leisure attractions. There are five main social support networks for senior housing issues in these areas. First, the areas are claimed for senior zones and accordingly health industries are encouraged by local authorities. Second, the community is homogeneously constructed as a senior friendly environment and include features such as an RV park and mobile cottages. Third, senior-helping seniors are offered active work through golf-cluster active retirement communities. Fourth, traditional theme production camps are mobilized by the elderly workers. Lastly, an information system is maintained for screening volunteers and for senior abuse prevention. On the other hand, residential lives are occasionally negatively influenced by unbalanced concentrations of elderly facilities such as nursing stations and funeral homes. For the future of Korean rural elderly policies, suggestions are made as follows: first, an integrated urban and rural township that contains attractive places for early retiring people who seek a warm atmosphere in later life needs to be constructed. Second, an integrated model retirement village of urban and rural retirement life needs to be initiated as a measure of evaluating the adaptation process of movers in senior concentrated zones. Third, a cooperation system among governmental ministries needs to be formed with the long- term goal of establishing a traditional rural town of independent housing districts and medical facilities in rural areas. Fourth, productive and active lifestyles need to be maintained as the local community and government develop successful retirement rural villages, by limiting the expansion of nursing related facilities. Finally, generation integrated visiting welfare programs and services need to be further developed for the housing areas especially in the winter, when social integration and activity are relatively low.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1277-1293
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• 2009

This study examined the factors affecting the loneliness of elderly in urban-rural complex area in Busan including personnel factors, health factors, and social factors. To examine the factors affecting the loneliness, 138 older adults, who are 65 years and over, residing Ki Jang in Busan, were interviewed through trained researchers. This study's results include the following. First, the result indicated that means score of loneliness among respondents was 50.6(SD 4.2). Secondly the factors affecting on the loneliness of elderly in urban-rural complex area were life satisfaction of personnel factors, level of activity of daily living of health factors, and social support(emotional and instrumental support) and level of social activity of social factors. So perspective of service of elderly have to expend for diminution of emotional and interpersonal problems. And social welfare service is need to modify and amend for variety policies. This study suggest that further research need in order to reduce loneliness of elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2008

This study examined the present condition and problems of rural apartment house through documentary survey and considered the social necessity and concept of rural apartment housing. The aim of this study is to suggest the social necessity and spatial composition factor of rural apartment housing. The results of this study are as follows. First, rural apartment houses are generally adjacent to production and natural environments, and tend to be constructed in small complex of 50 households or less with the lack of convenient facilities. Second, the ultimate goal of rural apartment housing plans is to improve the livability, community, sustainability and rurality on the basis of the basic direction of rural areas. Third, it is necessary to install storages within the apt. complex and secure a buffer zone where people can wash their hands before entering the houses. Fourth, rural apartment housing should adopt the space components of auxiliary facilities including storages for agricultural products and farming appliances, common workshops, field attached to home, and washrooms in consideration of the conditions of rural areas different from urban apartment housing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Korea is moving toward an aging society faster than the other advance countries such as the U.S. and France. Such aging phenomena are posing greater problems in rural areas than in urban areas, and particularly, decrease in productivity caused by aging population leads to economic difficulties and hinders the improvement of housing life. The purpose of this research is to examine and identify the housing conditions of the vulnerable in rural areas and to present ways to improve the elderly housing and the housing environment in rural areas and to provide basic data for materializing the policies to enhance the quality of life. The results of this research are as follows. First, the elderly in rural areas were found to receive relatively smooth supports for services related to clothing and food through the government and social organizations. But for the housing problems, it was found that there were not any supports. Second, the poor housing environment may cause diseases to the elderly with weak immunity, so ways to remedy these problems are urgently needed. Third, the vulnerable in rural areas can hardly bear the burden of improving the housing environment, so supports from the government and social organizations are needed. Fourth, ways to support the vulnerable such as households receiving basic living subsidies and to support the poor who are not receiving such subsidies should be explored.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.61-84
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present foundational data to promote the cultural welfare status of youth. The actual condition of the youth's cultural welfare was investigated by investigating the degree of youth's cultural welfare satisfaction and needs by regional groups. A total of 1486 questionnaires were used for the final data analysis. The analysis revealed the following results. 1. Actual conditions of adolescents cultural welfare. 1) Among various cultural activities, adolescents find leisure and social activity, artistic, mass media and video-media activities very boring and one-sided, Instead, they have greater interest in computer- and Internet-related activities, such as getting and sharing information and communication. 2) While adolescents living in urban areas benefit from well developed social infra-structure, those living in rural areas seldom take advantage of it. 3) The obstacles against cultural welfare of the youth can be categorized as: 'lack of money,' 'lack of time,' and 'lack of cultural facilities. ' In urban areas 'lack of time' becomes an issue, whereas in rural areas 'lack of money' and 'lack of cultual facilities' are important. 2. Degree of cultural welfare satisfaction of the youths. Youths generally appear either 'unsatisfied' or 'neutral' concerning their satisfaction degree about leisure and social activity parts, and art and play-activity paris. On the other hand, they appear 'neutral' concerning their satisfaction degree about computer- and Internet-related information and communication parts, and mass- and video-media activity parts. In addition, urban youths show a higher degree of satisfaction than rural youths. 3. What the youths need To improve their culture welfare status, they need a lot of supplements for cultural activity in the form of cultural infra-structure. Regarding the cultural infra-structure, rural youths need more than urban youths.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.204-220
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was performed to determine the levels of depression symptoms among the community elderlies and to reveal its related factors, specifically aimed at revealing psycho-social factors such as social support net-work, sense of self-esteem, state anxiety, interpersonal behavior trait and locus of control. Methods: The interviews were performed during the period from April 1st to June 30th, 2007 to the 790 elderlies in urban and rural areas. Results: The mean scores of depression (CES-D) among all subjects were 16.65±10.97(urban: 18.81±10.31, rural: 14.49±11.20) and they were higher in urban than rural. The level of depression symptoms was influenced by the variables of educational level, with or without spouse, bear for living expenses, sense of satisfaction in daily life. As for health related behaviors, they were influenced by the variables of with or without regular exercise. As for health status, they were influenced by the subjective health status, with or without disability of body, visual acuity, hearing ability, ability of food mastication, urinary incontinence, with or without help in activity of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL). As for social support net-work and social activities, they were influenced by number of offspring, frequency of offspring contents, frequency of going out and activity of hobbies. As for psycho-social factors, they were influenced by sense of self-esteem, state anxiety and social support, especially, the level of depression symptoms was higher influenced by the variables of psycho-social factors than other variables. Conclusions: Lower of the level of depression symptoms among the community elderlies would require development and application of programs to keep under management psycho-social factors as well as looking for ways to promoting the present health status.