• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of increased running speed on the magnitude of impact shock attenuation in high frequency (9~20 Hz) at support phase on the treadmill running. Method: Twenty-four healthy male heel-toe runners participated in this study. Average age, height, mass, and preference running speed were 23.43±3.78 years, 176.44±3.38 cm, 71.05±9.04 kg, and 3.0±0.5 m/s, respectively. Three triaxial accelerometer (Noraxon, USA) were mounted to the tuberosity of tibia, PSIS (postero-superior iliac spine), and forehead to collect acceleration signals, respectively. Accelerations were collected for 20 strides at 1,000 Hz during treadmill (Bertec, USA) running at speed of 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 m/s. Power Spectrum Density (PSD) of three acceleration signals was calculated to use in transfer function describing the gain and attenuation of impact shock between the tibia and PSIS, and forehead. One-way ANOVA were performed to compare magnitude of shock attenuation between and within running speeds. The alpha level for all statistical tests was .05. Results: No significant differences resulted for magnitude of the vertical and resultant impact shock attenuation between the tibia and PSIS, and forehead between running speeds. However, significant differences within running speed were found in magnitude of the vertical shock attenuation between tibia and PSIS, tibia and forehead at speed of 2.5, 3.0 m/s, respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, it might be conjectured that muscles covering the knee and ankle joints and shoe's heel pad need to strengthen to keep the lower extremities from injuries by impact shock at relatively fast running speed that faster than preferred running speed.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.680-689
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• 2011

A dynamic analysis procedure is developed to provide a comprehensive estimation of the dynamic response spectrum for locomotive's wheels running over a Pre-Stressed Concrete (PSC) box girder bridge on the Korea high speed railway. The wheel force spectrum with the bridge behavior are analyzed as the dynamic procedure for various running speeds (50~450km/h). The high-speed railway locomotive (KTX) is used as 38-degree of freedom system. Three displacements(vertical, lateral, and longitudinal) and three rotational components (pitching, rolling, and yawing). For one car-body and two bogies as well as five movements except pitching rotation components for four wheel axes forces are considered in the 38-degree of freedom model. Three dimensional frame element is used to model of the PSC box girder bridges, simply supported span length of 40m. The irregulation of rail-way is derived using the exponential spectrum density function under assumption of twelve level tracks conditions based on the normal probability procedure. The dynamic responses of bridge passing through the railway locomotive with high-speed analyzed by Newmark-${\beta}$ method and Runge-Kutta method are compared and contrasted considering the developed models of bridge, track and locomotive comprehensively. The dynamic analyses of wheel forces by Runge-Kutta method which are able to analyze the forces with high frequency running on the bridge and ground rail-way are conducted. Additionally, wheel forces spectrum and three rotational components of vehicle body for three typical running speeds is also presented.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2004

동적 불안정 좌굴현상에 관한 연구는 다소 발표되고 있으나, 주기성을 가진 하중하에서의 동적 좌굴을 다룬 연구는 그리 많지 않은 편이다. 주기성을 가진 하중하에서의 거동은 STEP 하중하에서의 거동과는 매우 다르리라 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 동적 불안정의 기본 메커니즘을 파악하기 위하여 양단 핀으로 고정된 정현형 아치가 정현형 조화하중을 받았을 때의 얕은 아치를 대상으로 한다. 얕은 아치의 동적 간접 좌굴 메커니즘을 파악하기 위하여 STEP 하중뿐만 아니라 정현형 조화하중일 때를 대상으로 한다. 동적 비선형 응답 특성을 알기 위하여 수치적분에 의해 기하학적 비선형 운동방정식을 유도한다. 여기서 얻어진 비선형 변위 응답으로 FFT(Fast Fourier Transform)에 의한 연속 응답 스펙트럼을 구해 동적 불안정 특성에 관해서 분석한다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.793-799
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• 2011

A comprehensive analysis of wheel force spectrum is conducted to provide the KTX safety evaluation with structural behaviour of Pre-Stressed Concrete (PSC) box bridge due to various high speeds. The wheel spectrum for KTX locomotive running over road and PSC bridge tracks is compared using irregular track responses with numerical models of 170m approach road track and 40m span length of PSC box bridge The high-speed railway locomotive is used as 38-degree of freedom system. Three displacements (vertical, lateral, and longitudinal) and three rotational components (pitching, rolling, and yawing) for one car-body and two bogies are considered in the 38-degree of freedom model. Three dimensional frame element of finite element method (FEM) is used to model of the simply supported PSC box bridge. The irregulation of rail-way is derived using the experiential spectrum density function under assumption of twelve level tracks conditions based on the normal probability procedure. The dynamic analyses by Runge-Kutta method which are able to analyze the high frequency wheel force spectrum. A dynamic behaviour of KTX due to high speeds until 450km/h developing speed with relative time is analysed and compared the characteristics running over the road and PSC box bridge tracks. Finally, the KTX integrated evaluation method of safety between high speed train and bridge is presented.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.82-85
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• 1995

Electrogastrography(EGG) has been an attractive method for physiological and pathophysiological studies of the stomach and now is on the verge of becoming a new clinical tool in gastroenterology. In this study EGG measurement system was constructed and running spectrum analysis was developed for three-dimensional display of power spectrum with time. The noninvasive technique of EGG is an excellent alternative since the established invasive methods for the study of the stomachs of children and infants.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the muscle fatigue for lower limbs during the level and downhill running. The subjects were 6 males of twenties who have no experience to get the injury in the lower limbs and required to run on the level and downhill which was -7% grade treadmill at 8.3km/h. EMG signal was gained by ME3000P8 Measurement Unit and computed the Median Frequency(MF) with the power spectrum analysis in the Megawin software. Rectus femoris(RF), Vastus lateralis(VL), Gluteus medius(GLU), Biceps Femoris(BF), gastrocnemius medial head(GM), gastrocnemius lateral head(GL), Tibialis anterior(TA) were selected. The result of this study were as follows: The MF of RF decreased in the downhill running than level running in length of time but, the MF of VL was opposite. The MF of BF decreased in the level and downhill running, but, the MF of BF decreased much in the level than downhill running. The MF of GLU decreased much in the downhill running but, almost no change in the level running. The MF of TA decreased in the level running than downhill running. The MF of GL decreased in the level running but, the MF of GM decreased in the downhill running in length of time. This study analyzed the muscle fatigue of the lower limbs with the median frequency on the basis of an assumption that the impact force for the flexion and extension of the joint and the body mass may be much in the eccentric contraction such as the downhill running than level running. RF and GM showed the muscle fatigue in the downhill running than level running. BF and GL showed the muscle fatigue in the level running than downhill running.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.208-217
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• 1999

This paper presents spectrum analysis technique to identify abnormal noise produced in diesel railcars. Coherence and coherent power spectrum are very useful in determining source identifications. Experiments are applied to two different cars with similar phenomena about the case of stop and running condition. Metal contact in mounting bracket part which is excited by excessive transmission vibration is found to cause abnormal noise.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2010

쉘형 구조물의 동적 불안정 문제를 다룬 연구결과는 다소 발표되고 있으나 위상곡면을 이용하여 카오스 생성에 관한 기본적 현상을 다룬 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 동적 비선형 문제에서 여러 가지 초기조건에 의해 불안정 현상이 민감하게 발생하는 이유를 파악하기 위해서는 위상곡면에서 끌개의 특성을 조사하여 동적 불안정 생성과정을 검토하는 일은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 얕은 EP 쉘이 스텝하중을 받을 때, 직접 좌굴과 간접 좌굴의 발생 경로를 파악하기 위하여 Galerkin 법에 의해 전개된 이산화 방정식을 구한다. 이를 수치해석 기법으로 위상곡선과 연속응답스펙트럼을 구해 동적 불안정 특성을 규명한다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.576-581
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• 2014

This study used the heat conductive silicone rubber sample of 0.95 mm thickness to research the properties of current by changing voltage. When the 1, 10, 30, 60, and 90 minute have passed, the running current has been measured through the applied voltage range of 200 V~800 V on setting temperature of $110^{\circ}C{\sim}170^{\circ}C$. As the temperature increased in applied voltage of 800 V, so did the current value according to time in proportion to the increasing temperature. In an analysis of FT-IR (fourier transform infrared) spectrum, the hydroxyl radicals group(O-H) was created by effects of the hydrogen that methyl group is eliminated by addition of the cross-linking agent peroxide.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.317-320
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• 1996

Electrogastrography(EGG) has been an attractive method for physiological and pathophysiological studies of the stomach and now is on the verge of becoming a new clinical tool in gastroenterology. In this study 4 channel EGG measurement system was constructed and running spectrum analysis was developed for 2D and 3D display of power spectrum with time and frequency. A wavelet multiresolution method was utilized for elimination of baseline drift and for filtering out noises.