• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2015

In this study, a FEM analysis is undertaken of a rubber sleeve which is mounted onto a spreading mandrel so as to avoid marking the first wrappings of coils (known as the 'end-mark'), as occasionally occurs when a concentrated load is placed on the edge of a steel sheet, significantly reducing its quality. A commercial numerical package, ANSYS, was utilized to analyze the structural behavior of the rubber sleeve. In general, the strain of the sleeve increases as the thickness of the rubber layer (H) covering the tubes increases, thus also increasing the surface of the sleeve for a constant boundary condition, and decreasing the pitch (P) between each tube, resulting in an increase in the strain on the surface of the sleeve for all rubber thickness conditions tested here. In a comparison of two different materials, rubber and urethane, when H=3 mm and P=1.1D, the maximum total deformations in these cases are 0.12669 mm and 0.086623 mm, respectively.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.293-304
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• 2014

Rubber air spring (RAS) is a special suspension device for the industries of automobile, railroad car and other transportation. A RAS serves as a spring component with the elastic effect of compression and expansion of air in a composite rubber bag. The main component of RAS is the rubber sleeve. Rubber sleeve is the composite which is made up of combination of chloroprene rubber (CR) and nylon 6 cord, and the adhesive strength between CR and nylon 6 cord is very important. In this study, considering the effects of additives in rubber sleeve, various physical properties were tested to find the optimal combination of composition and conditions. Further, in order to select the optimum orientation of the reinforcing fibers, numerical analysis was performed using the finite elements method. After assembling all components of RAS, it was mounted on an actual vehicle, and then it was tested air leakage, fatigue life and fundamental properties.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.747-754
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• 2004

The nonlinear finite element analysis for deformation characteristics of a power steering hose during the swaging process is performed in order to investigate the stress and the strain levels of the hose components. Power steering hose consists of components such as rubber hose, nylon, nipple and sleeve. Moreover, the numerical analysis requires the consideration of material, geometry and boundary nonlinearities. To evaluate the rubber hose strength, the measured stresses and strains are compared with tension and compression test data. Contact force is also a principal factor to examine whether rubber hose is break away from sleeve and nipple or not.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.357-362
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• 2011

Air springs are prevalently used as suspension in train. However, air springs are seldom used in automobiles where they improve stability and comfort by enhancing the impact-relief, breaking, and cornering performance. Thus, this study proposed a new method to analyze air springs and obtained some reliable design parameter which can be utilized in vehicle suspension system in contrast to conventional method. Among air spring types of suspension, this study focused on sleeve type of air spring as an analysis model since it has potential for ameliorating the quality of automobiles, specifically in its stability and comfort improvement by decreasing the shock through rubber sleeve. As a methodology, this study used MARC, as a nonlinear finite element analysis program, in order to find out maximum stress and maximum strain depending on reinforcement cord's angle variation in sleeves. The properties were found through uniaxial tension and pure shear test, and they were developed using Ogden Foam which is an input program of MARC. As a result, the internal maximum stresses and deformation according to the changes of cord angle are obtained. Also, the results showed that the Young's modulus becomes smaller, then maximum stresses decrease. It is believed that these studies can be contributed in automobile suspension system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1216-1217
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• 2008

A description is given of impregnated silicone rubber used in accessories for application on outdoor termination (EB-A). We examines the effects of swelling and mechanical/electrical characteristics for impregnated silicone rubber to develop slip on type sleeve of silicone material. There are semi-conductive silicone rubber and insulation silicone rubber. This examination is monitored as a function of the viscosity and temperature of oil during 30hr. We measure elongation at breakdown and AC breakdown strength and volume resistivities of the oil-impregnated silicone rubbers. The measured values are compared to initial value as function of stress relief cone.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.741-752
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• 2022

Earlier works have shown that excessive shear stiffness at the steel-concrete interface causes a non-uniform distribution of shear force in composite structures. When the shear studs are wrapped at the fixed end with flexible materials with a low elastic modulus, the shear stiffness at the interface is reduced. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of silicone rubber-sleeve mounted on shear studs on the shear stiffness of steel-concrete composite structures. Eighteen push-out tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical behavior of silicone rubber-sleeved shear stud groups (SRS-SSG). The dimension and arrangement of silicon rubber-sleeves (SRS) were taken into consideration. Test results showed that the shear strength of SRS-SSG was higher than that of a shear stud group (SSG), without SRS. For SRS-SSG with SRS heights of 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, the shear strengths were improved by 13%, 20% and 9%, respectively, compared to the SSG alone. The shear strengths of SRS-SSG with the SRS thickness of 2 mm and 4 mm were almost the same. The shear stiffness of the SRS-SSG specimens with SRS heights of 50 mm, 100 mm and 150 mm were 77%, 67% and 66% of the SSG specimens, respectively. Test results of specimens SSG-1 and predicted values based on the three design specifications were compared. The nominal single stud shear strength of SSG-1 specimens was closest to that calculated by the Chinese Code for Design of Steel Structures (GB50017-2017). An equation is proposed to consider the effects of SRS for GB50017-2017, and the predicted values based on the proposed equation agree well with the tested results of SRS-SSG.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.623-624
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• 2007

This work examines the effects of swelling MI type HVDC cable oil on the semiconductive silicone rubber and silicone rubber as used in accessories for application on outdoor termination (EBA) slip on sleeve. The behavior of volume resistivity is monitored as a function of the amount of cable oil diffused into the material. Resistivities of semiconductive silicone samples up to the typical insulator range (${\sim}10^{10}{\Omega}-cm$) are observed as a consequence of swelling due to the presence of the diffused oil. The measured volume resistivities of the oil-impregnated semiconductive silicone rubber are compared to desired value as function of stress relief cone.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.1197-1207
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• 2012

This study provides information for the design of pediatric inpatient uniforms with functionality and aesthetic beauty through a questionnaire-survey of the conditions of providing, wearing, preferences and improvement requirements for pediatric inpatient uniforms. As a result of the survey, intravenous injections were mostly given on the back of the hand, and the method of changing uniforms after intravenous injections was (in most cases) to pass the injection bottle through a sleeve or pant leg while the needle is inserted. The respondents answered that the sleeve length and pant length did not match. As a result of the preference of the pediatric inpatient design survey, respondents indicated they preferred pajama type, yellow color and medium size animal patterns. A similar ratio of set-in and raglan with no collar but with 3/4 length sleeve of round neck, front end, sleeve top opening, button closing and two pockets were preferred for shirts; however, a 3/4 length with rubber string on the waist, no opening and inner opening were preferred at the same ratio for pants. As for the method to adjust the length to assign functionality to pediatric inpatient uniforms, the most preferred sleeve was a roll-up sleeve with a strap and the most preferred pants were length adjusted pants that used a strap for both shirts and pants with a both sides strap. In addition, the majority of the respondents answered that a hand wrapper that protects the injection location during intravenous injections needs be developed. As for the development type, a half glove type and glove type were preferred in sequential order.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1102-1106
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• 2008

It's necessary to invent a measure to deal with expected counter results when observing mechanical behaviors under the various operations and it can be done by measuring the stress and deformation characteristics of the Automotive Air-Conditioner Hose, which is a hose made up of a rubber hose, an aluminum sleeve and pipe. In this paper, characteristics of the stress and deformation characteristics of the Automotive Air-Conditioner Hose which plays an important role in circulation of refrigerant of an air conditioner in an automobile are analyzed using the finite element method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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• 1983.10a
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• pp.44-47
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• 1983

Through intensity modulation induced by micro bending of an optical fiber, a sensor detects the pressure and frequency of acoustic wave has been implemented. Axial slots on the cylinder suface with a period of 5.5 mm induce efficient microbending of the fiber, and a rubber sleeve covering the fiber enhances the fiber. Compared with a conventional hydrophone, it has a low minimum detectable pressure and can detect acoustic wave in 100Hz - 2KHz range.