• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 1992

Viscoelastic characteristics of agricultural products may be determined through three basic tests ; stress relaxation, creep, and dynamic test. Considering the changeability of living materials, dynamic test in which information is derived in a relatively short time appears to be highly desirable, in which either cyclic stress or cyclic strain is imposed and the remaining quantity (strain or stress) is measured. The periodically varying stress will also result in periodically varying strain which in a viscoelastic material should theoretically be out of phase with the stress, because part of the energy subjected to sample is stored in the material as potential energy and part is dissipated as heat. This behavior results in a complex frequency-dependent compliance denoted by J($i{\omega}$). The complex compliance and therefore the storage compliance, the loss compliance, the phase angle, and percent energy loss for the sample should be obtainable with a given static viscoelastic property of the material under static load. The complex compliance of the rough rice kernel were computed from the Burger's model describing creep behavior of the material which were obtained in the previous study. Also, the effects of cyclic load and moisture content of grain on the dynamic viscoelastic behavior of the samples were analyized. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows ; 1. The storage compliance of the rough rice kernel slightly decreased with the frequency applied but at above the frequency of 0.1 Hz it was nearly constant with the frequency, and the loss compliance of the sample very rapidly decreased with increase in the frequency on those frequency ranges. 2. It was shown that the storage compliance and the loss compliance of the sample increased with increase in grain moisture content. Effect of grain moisture content on the storage compliance of the sample was highly significant than effect of the frequency applied, but effect of the frequency on the loss compliance of the sample was more significant than effect of grain moisture content. 3. In low moisture content, the percent energy loss of Japonica-type rough rice was much higher than that of Indica-type rough rice, but, in high moisture content, vice versa.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.635-658
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• 2006

This paper is concerned with giving some rather weak size conditions implying the $L^P$ boundedness of the multiple Marcin-kiewicz integrals for some fixed $1\;<\;p\;<\;{\infty}$, which essentially improve and extend some known results.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.255-272
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• 2005

This paper is concerned with studying the weighted $L^P$ boundedness of a class of maximal operators related to homogeneous singular integrals with rough kernels. We obtain appropriate weighted $L^P$ bounds for such maximal operators. Our results are extensions and improvements of the main theorems in [2] and [5].

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1255-1266
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• 2007

We establish a weighted norm inequality for a class of rough parametric Marcinkiewicz integral operators $\mathcal{M}^{\rho}_{\Omega}$. As an application of this inequality, we obtain weighted $L^p$ inequalities for a class of parametric Marcinkiewicz integral operators $\mathcal{M}^{*,\rho}_{\Omega,\lambda}\;and\;\mathcal{M}^{\rho}_{\Omega,S}$ related to the Littlewood-Paley $g^*_{\lambda}-function$ and the area integral S, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.47-73
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• 2023

This paper is devoted to establishing certain L^p bounds for the generalized parametric Marcinkiewicz integral operators associated to surfaces generated by polynomial compound mappings with rough kernels given by h ∈ ∆_γ(ℝ₊) and Ω ∈ Wℱ_β(S^n-1) for some γ, β ∈ (1, ∞]. As applications, the corresponding results for the generalized parametric Marcinkiewicz integral operators related to the Littlewood-Paley g^*_λ functions and area integrals are also presented.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.277-303
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• 2021

Under the rough kernels Ω belonging to the block spaces B0,qr (Sn-1) or the radial Grafakos-Stefanov kernels W����(Sn-1) for some r, �� > 1 and q ≤ 0, the boundedness and continuity were proved for two classes of rough maximal singular integrals and maximal operators associated to polynomial mappings on the Triebel-Lizorkin spaces and Besov spaces, complementing some recent boundedness and continuity results in [27, 28], in which the authors established the corresponding results under the conditions that the rough kernels belong to the function class L(log L)α(Sn-1) or the Grafakos-Stefanov class ����(Sn-1) for some α ∈ [0, 1] and �� ∈ (2, ∞).

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 1981

The physical properties of grain are very important for the design of handling, sorting, processing, and storage system. On the physical properties of grain, volume, bulk density, true density, specific gravity, and porosity arc the major factors affecting the thermal properties of grain. This study was conducted to determine experimentally the above physical properties of rough rice (3 Japonica-type, 3 Indica-type) and barley (covered, naked) as a function of moisture content ranged from about 10% to 25% (w.b). The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1. The volume of grain kernel increased with moisture content for both rice and barley. The volume of those grain kernel was in the range of $2.2068{\times}10^{-8}{\sim}3.3960{\times}10^{-8}m^3$ at the moisture content of 14%. 2. The bulk density of rice increased linearly with moisture content for Japonica-type rough rice and quadratically for Indica-type rough rice, but the bulk density of barley decreased linearly with moisture content. The bulk density of the grain was in the range of 501.14~689.13kg/$m^3$ at the moisture content of 14%. 3. The true density of whole grain decreased linearly with moisture content, and was in the range of 1019.49~1139.75kg/$m^3$ at the moisture content of 14%. 4. The porosity of rice decreased linearly with moisture content for Japonica-type rough rice and quadratically for Indica-type rough rice, but the porosity of barley increased linearly with moisture content. The porosity of the grain was in the range of 39.51~50.83% at the moisture content of 14%. 5. The regression equations of the physical properties such as volume, bulk density, true density, and porosity of the grain were determined as a function of moisture content.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.577-588
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• 2009

In this paper, the author studies the k-th commutators of oscillatory singular integral operators with a BMO function and phases more general than polynomials. For 1 < p < $\infty$, the $L^p$-boundedness of such operators are obtained provided their kernels belong to the spaces $L(log+L)^{k+1}(S^{n-1})$. The results of the corresponding maximal operators are also established.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.289-297
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• 2006

In this study we examined the changes in weight and dimension, protein and amylose contents, and pasting properties of brown rice flour, as well as the gelatinization properties of starch, from two non-waxy japonica cultivars and one waxy japonica cultivar planted in an experimental field in 2002 under the same fertilizer conditions. The weight of both rough and brown rice increased consistently up to 42 days after flowering (DAF) for the non-waxy rice and to 35 DAF for the waxy rice. The changes in dimension of the brown rice kernel indicated that the length was maximized first, followed by breadth and then thickness. The protein content of the non-waxy rice remained fairly constant, but that of the waxy rice decreased by about 1% after 14 DAF. The amylose content of the non-waxy brown rice flour increased, but that of the waxy brown rice flour decreased during kernel development. As the kernel developed, the peak viscosity of the non-waxy rice flour increased up to 35 DAF, after which it decreased, whereas that of the waxy brown rice flour increased consistently. The gelatinization temperature of starch also increased in the waxy rice during kernel development up to 21 DAF. The gelatinization enthalpy of starch, however, increased in all rice cultivars throughout the kernel development.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.32 no.1 s.120
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• pp.13-19
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• 2007

Storage rough rice in low temperature using the winter cold air avoids rough rice temperature increase which happens from early May, and this is possible by installing a cooling system in the top of a bin, the room between top rice level and bin ceiling. The research objective is to establish low temperature rough rice storage technique, furnishing winter cold air to rough rice, by investigating the cooling system potential of maintaining low rough rice temperature and by analyzing rough rice storage characteristics over a storage period. The rough rice storage characteristics were evaluated from January to August 2003, using a storage and dry bin of 400-ton capacity. Results of this research are as follows: Cooling bin using the cooling system in the top of the bin maintained the rice temperature less than 15$^{\circ}C$ in entire portions in August. Moisture contents and germination rates of rough rice were decreased over the storage period, on the other hand, the rough rice stored in the ambient temperature bin had relatively lower moisture contents and germination rates to compare with the bin using winter cold air. Crack ratio and acid value of brown rice in the ambient temperature bin storage had increased more than the cooling bin storage. The result indicates that the storage bin using winter cold air and the cooling system maintains moisture content and germination of rice, minimizes cracked kernel and acid value, and preserves rice quality as well.