• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2011

Agrobacterium rhizogenes, a gram-negative soil bacterium, is one of the most widely studied among them. A, rhizogenes can transfer T-DNA, excised from Ri (root inducing)-plasmids from the bacterial to the plant cell. It is the causal agent of 'hairy root' diseases in plants, and has been used for the production of hairy root cultures from a multitude of species. Five different strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes differed in their ability to induce Scutellaria baicalensis hairy roots and also showed varying effects on the growth in hairy root cultures. A. rhizogenes R 1000 is the most effective strain for the induction (57.3%) and growth (11.9 g $L^{-1}$) in hairy root of Scutellaria baicalensis. Our results demonstrate that use of suitable strains of A. rhizogenes may allow study of the regulation of flavone biosynthesis in hairy root cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.287-292
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• 2002

To find new inhibitory effects from oriental drugs, Albizziae root was extracted in methanol and the extracted was stepwisely fractionated by hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and water. In cytotoxic effect of Albizziae root fractions against cancer cell lines including human hepatoma cells(HepG2) were investigated. Expecially the butanol fraction exhibited a inhibition effects on the growth of human hepatoma cells(HepG2). It inhibited of HepG2 cells with the value of IC50. The activities of qutathione after B(a)P treatment were markedly decreased than control, but those levels were increased by the treatment of Albizziae root methanol fraction. The activity of glutathione-S-transferase after B(a)P treatment were markedly decreased than control, but those levels were increased by the treatment of Albizziae root methanol traction. Induction of phase II enzymes is a major mechanism of chemoprevention. The induction levels of quinone reductase(QR) activity in cultured murine hepatoma(Hepa IcIc7)cell by methanol extract of Albizziae root were measured. Among the tested tractions, the extracts of butanol were found to induce QR activities over 2.8 fold than control. These results suggest that Albizziae root has chemopreventive Potential by inducing QR activities and GST levels and increasing GSH

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제85권3호
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• pp.532-538
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• 1996

Indoor seed orchard의 가능성을 시험하기 위해 온실의 화분에서 자라는 낙엽송 접목묘와 야외에서 자라는 실생묘에 Gibberellins(GA4/7) 살포, 주입 및 몇가지 보조 처리를 사용하여 조기개화를 유도하였다. 온실의 화분에 지라는 접목묘에 대해서는 GA4/7 반복 살포 단독처리가 가장 효과적이었으나 보조 처리로서 사용된 root pruning은 상승효과를 보이 지 못했다. GA4/7 주입은 접목표의 치사를 초래하였기 때문에 유용한 방법이 아니었다. 10년생 실생묘를 이용한 야외실험에서는 GA4/7 살포와 보조처리로서 root pruning 또는 plastic mulching의 사용이 개화의 유도에 가장 효과적이었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

인삼 뿌리 절편으로 부터 모상근 유기를 위한 최적 조건을 확립하고자 Agrobacterium rhirogenes와 인삼 뿌리 절편의 항생제 내성 조사 및 최적의 모상근 유도 배지를 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. NaOCl로 인삼 뿌리를 멸균하였을 때, 오염 정도가 감소하면서 조직의 손상이 일어나지 않는 NaOCl의 농도는 7% NaOCl에서 15-20분, 9% NaOCl에서 5분으로 나타났다. 인삼근은 년수가 증가할수록 오염 정도가 심하였으며, 특히 6년근중 표피가 있는 처리구는 오염 정도가 매우 높았다. Agrobacterium의 성장억제를 위한 항생제는 tetracycline이 가장 효과적이었으며, 30mg/L 이상의 농도에서 균의 성장이 억제되었다. 하지만 30mg/L tetracycline에서 인삼 조직이 고사하였으며, cefotaxime(500mg/L), carbenicillin(500mg/L)에서 균의 성장을 완전히 억제하였으며, 조직의 손상이 일어나지 않았다. 3년근 인삼에서 모상근 유도을 위한 배지로는 1/2MS 배지에 500mg/L의 cefotaxime이 첨가된 배지가 가장 좋았으며, 인삼 뿌리 절편에 Agrobacterium을 발라주는 것 보다는 균과 공동배양할때가 절편이 좋았다. Agrobacterium접종 2주 후부터 callus가 유기되기 시작한 후, 다시 2주 후에 모상근이 유도되었다. 유도된 hairy roots는 PCR에 의하여 rol C유전자를 조사함으로서 형질전환체임을 확인하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1972

Tissues of $Panax\;Schinseng\;N_{EES}\;root$ were cultured on the synthetic agar media to investigate the nutrient efficiency on the callus induction and organ formation. The differentiation pattern of the callus mass and the structure of the induced organ (root) were observed internally. On White's medium, callus formation needed the supplement of 2,4-D (5mg/l) and kinetin (1.0mg/l), and on MS medium the root induction NAA (0.2mg/l) and kinetin (0.1mg/l). In order to investigate the effect of inorganic components on callus formation, the inorganic part of White' medium was substituted with those of Heller, Murashige Skoog, and Earle. As the result culture Earle's was most effective. On the other hand, the roots were induced from the meristem in the deep region of callus mass. Since this meristem is similar to the pericambium of tap root, they are the same on the pattern of morphogenesis.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.173-175
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• 2018

Stem cuttings of three Rubus species native to Korea were treated by two commercial root stimulation formula for propagation. Differences among the species was obvious, toot was induced relatively easily on R. hongnoensis. Fifty percent of stem rooted without any treatment on this species and two stimulators was effective to increase the root induction. On the other hand, two other species, R. schizostylus and R. ribisoideus, had very low percent of rooting. Treatment using root stimulators was effective but still lower than that of R. hongnoensis. Root induction was not influence by the medium that resulted no differences between two media.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2009

The halophyte Leymus chinensis (Trin.) is a perennial rhizome grass (tribe Gramineae) that is widely distributed throughout China, Mongolia and Siberia. This study was conducted to investigate an optimal condition for plant regeneration from mature seeds, leaf base segments, and root segments in L. chinensis. Plant growth regulators affecting embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration were investigated by four-factor-three-level [L9 (34)] orthogonal test in this study. The effects of explants types (mature seeds, leaf base segments and root segments), callus types, medium types were examined in this study. Wild type (WT) and Jisheng No. 1 plants (JS) were used for primary callus induction. A clear explants difference was seen during callus induction; mature seeds were considered as the preferred explants; and the highest frequency of callus induction was obtained in Medium 6 using mature seeds as explants in WT. Plant regeneration ability was evaluated by frequencies of green callus forming, shooting, rooting, and shooting with roots. Effect of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on shoot regeneration was remarkable with the highest frequency of 70.8% in WT after 2-month culture. The medium with 0.2- 0.5 mg/L NAA was found to have the highest shoot induction. All regenerated shoots were successfully rooted when transferred on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. The acclimatized plantlets were grown to mature with flowering and seeds setting in green house conditions.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.126-131
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• 2014

This paper discusses stability of new simplified sensorless vector control systems of induction motors (IM). The simplified sensorless systems estimate the flux angle by using the output voltage of d-axis PI current controller to achieve the q-axis flux zero. Two simplified sensorless systems are studied. The difference of two systems is the presence or absence of a q-axis PI current controller. The systems stability is compared by deriving linear state equations and showing root loci and unstable regions. Furthermore, transient responses and experiment results make clear the stability of the proposed system.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.162-167
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• 1982

Calli and leaflets of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) were cultured on 1/2MS media supplement. with kinetin, 2 iP, NAA, 2,4-D and IBA to assess their capacity to regenerate embryoids and organs. Root calli produced numerous embryoids and shoots in 1/2MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l NAA and 2mg/s 2iP, and the combination of 2 iP and NAA was more effective than the combination of kinetin and NAA in induction of embryoid and shoot from root calli. Culture of leaflet in the medium supplemented with IBA resulted in profuse root regeneration.

• Plant Resources
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2001

The effect of carbenicillin on the dedifferentiation and the regeneration efficiency of plant tissues of horseradish(Armoracia rusticana) was evaluated, Inhibition effect for callus initiation was observed when leaf blade, root and petiole segments were grown on MS medium containing 500 mg/L to 2000 mg/L carbenicillin and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The regeneration of horseradish shoots from leaf blade, root and petiole explants were decreased as the addition of carbenicillin increased from 1000 mg/L to 2000 mg/L in MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or kinetin. Especially, 500 mg/L carbenicillin treatment significantly inhibited shoot induction when leaf blade explants were grown on hormone-free MS medium. It was suggested that the toxic effects of combinations of carbenicillin and 2,4-D may be due to high auxin activity levels.