• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2005

This paper proposes a framework of Operational Risk-based Business Continuity System(ORBCS), and develops protection system for operational risk through operational risk assessment and loss distribution approach based on risk management guideline announced in the basel II. In order to find out financial operational risk, business processes of domestic bank are assorted by seven event factors and eight business activities so that we can construct the system. After we find out KRI(Key Risk Indicator) index, tasks and risks, we calculated risk possibility and expected cost by analyzing quantitative data, questionnaire and qualitative approach for AHP model from the past events. Furthermore, we can assume unexpected cost loss by using loss distribution approach presented in the basel II. Each bank can also assume expected loss distributions of operational risk by seven event factors and eight business activities. In this research, we choose loss distribution approach so that we can calculate operational risk. In order to explain number of case happened, we choose poisson distribution, log-normal distribution for loss cost, and estimate model for Monte-Carlo simulation. Through this process which is measured by operational risk. of ABC bank, we find out that loss distribution approach explains closer unexpected cost directly compared than internal measurement approach, and makes less unexpected cost loss.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2014

Risk assessment system which is the point of occupational safety and health management system is recognized to be effective to prevent industrial accident and occupational disease internationally. Ministry of Employment and Labor developed guidance on risk assessment at workplace recently. This guidance presents standard model on risk assessment at workplace. However, enterprises may be confronted with many questions in the process of introducing and operating risk assessment. For risk assessment to be implemented properly and effectively at workplace, there are various questions that need to be considered in advance, including giving shape to standard on risk evaluation and clarifying the implementation system at workplace in advance. Also for risk assessment to be revitalized at workplace, several policy matters need to be settled. First, an administrative agency should present the implementation method of risk assessment more concretely. Secondly, it is necessary for an administrative agency to develop and spread various detailed manual, models and good practices related to risk assessment. Thirdly, a government agency need to apply an incentive & disadvantage policy actively to risk assessment.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2014

This research designed and implemented a supply chain risk management platform and applied it to a case study of reduced-fat Lanna pork sausage as a new product development project. The proposed framework has three stages: risk identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation. Seventeen risk agents with 17 risk events were identified based on SWOT analysis and the Porter Five Forces concept through the process of planning, sourcing, making and delivering, partially captured from the supply chain operations reference model in the first stage. In the second stage, an house of risk (HOR) framework was applied to present the impacts of each risk agent. In the third stage, eight risk agents with high impact were selected to design 21 preventive actions. Finally, three preventive actions with the highest effectiveness to difficulty ratio scores-'sales evaluation of familiar products', 'increasing distribution channels and promotions to improve sales', and 'work flow improvement for work safety'-were then recommended for this new product development.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.24-34
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• 2024

Fire, being primarily a natural phenomenon, is impossible to control, although it is feasible to map the forest fire risk zone, minimizing the frequency of fires. The spread of a fire starting in any stand in a forest can be predicted, given the burning conditions. The natural cover of the land and the safety of the population may be threatened by the spread of forest fires; thus, the prevention of fire damage requires early discovery. Satellite data and geographic information system (GIS) can be used effectively to combine different forest-fire-causing factors for mapping the forest fire risk zone. This study mainly focuses on mapping forest fire risk in the Madikhola watershed. The primary causes of forest fires appear to be human negligence, uncontrolled fire in nearby forests and agricultural regions, and fire for pastoral purposes which were used to evaluate and assign risk values to the mapping process. The majority of fires, according to MODIS events, occurred from December to April, with March recording the highest occurrences. The Risk Zonation Map, which was prepared using LULC, Forest Type, Slope, Aspect, Elevation, Road Proximity, and Proximity to Water Bodies, showed that a High Fire Risk Zone comprised 29% of the Total Watershed Area, followed by a Moderate Risk Zone, covering 37% of the total area. The derived map products are helpful to local forest managers to minimize fire risks within the forests and take proper responses when fires break out. This study further recommends including the fuel factor and other fire-contributing factors to derive a higher resolution of the fire risk map.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2004

Most software projects inevitably involve various types and degrees of uncertainty. Without proper risk assessment and coordination, software projects can easily run out of control and consume significant additional resource. Thus, risk management techniques are critical issues to information system researchers. Previous empirical studies of U.S. software firms support the adoption of development standardization and user requirement analysis techniques in risk-based software project management. Using data collected from software projects developed in Korea during 1999-2000, we conduct a comparative study to determine how risk management strategies impact software product and process performance in countries with dissimilar IT capabilities. In addition, we offer an alternative conceptualization of residual performance risk. We show that the use of residual performance risk as an intervening variable is inappropriate in IT developing countries like Korea where the role of late stage risk control remedies are critical. A revised model is proposed that generates more reliable empirical implications for Korean software projects.

• Architectural research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2009

Recently, intensive urban redevelopment concentrated on new towns has reduced the number of settled population, and weakened various functions such as commercial, culture, education and welfare in old towns, and made the stagnation and declination of the entire or some parts of old towns. Urban regeneration project means renewing cities' functions in terms of physical, environmental, social, cultural, industrial and economic aspects or revitalizing the existing functions through improvement project in the entire or part of a city, which is now drawing keen attention from the public. However, urban regeneration project is huge in scale, needs long construction period and various complex facilities, and also characterized by complicated relations with many stakeholders. Due to such characteristics, there are many risks in the project. Therefore, systematic risk management is absolutely necessary to efficiently manage various risk factors inherent in urban regeneration project. The purpose of this research proposes a basic model to establish risk management plan and work process in order to help project participants to perform risk management more systematically and rationally in the development phase of urban regeneration project.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2000

For the prevention of marine accidents based on human factor, the risk assessment analysis procedure is proposed which consists of (1) the structural analysis of marine accident, (2) the estimation of incidence probability based on the Fault Tree analysis, (3) the prediction of ef-fectiveness to reduced the accident risk by suitable countermeasures in the specified functional system, and (4) the risk assessment by means of minimizing of the total cost expectation and the background risk. As a practical example, the risk assessment analysis for preventing is investigated using the proposed method.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 1995

Two methods of the numerical method of CPQRA(Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis) and the manual method of IAEA(International Atomic Energy Agency) were used to estimate the individual risk and societal risk around the chemical plant. Where, the CPQRA is introduced to verify the theoritical background of the manual of international atomic energy agency. The Gaussian plume model which has a weather stability class D with velocity of 5m/s was applied to calculate dispersion of hazard material. Also, 8-point method was employed to the effects of accidents for wind distribution. Furthermore, historical record, FTA(Fault Tree Analysis) and ETA(Event Tree Analysis) were used to estimate the probability or frequency of accidents. Eventually, the individual risk shows isorisk contour and the societal risk shows F-N curve around hazard facility, especially in chemical plants. Caulculated results, which both individual and societal risk, by using IAEA manual show simillar results to those of calculation by numerical method of CPQRA.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.317-329
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• 1992

Fifty chemicals are currently classified as human carcinogens based on epidemiologic and animal data. Humans are daily exposed to them from various sources of exposure via inhalation, dermal contact and oral ingestion. To reduce cancer risk to man, these human carcinogens should be appropriately regulated and monitored environmentally or biologically for routine human cancer risk assessment. A number of mathematical risk assessment models have been introduced, but any realistic and relevant model system is not available for humans. A mechanistic process for human cancer risk assessment was comprehensively reviewed and problems were also discussed. Here, a new conceptual approach using epidemiology and biological human monitoring was suggested for the most relevant method to study human cancer risk assessment.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.747-771
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• 2000

This paper reports the results of a study to elicit willingness to pay (WTP) for changes in health risks from exposure to As, Pb, THM in tap water using experimental market method. The experimental market method, compared with other non-market valuation methods, allows us to use incentive compatible demand revealing scheme, to acquire market-like experience through repetitive auctions, and to incorporate learning process by providing new information during the session. Participants seemed to utilize the objective risk information in a 'rational' manner, and to change their WTP bids accordingly. Moreover they were able to reduce the 'ambiguity' in risk perception processes when objective risk probabilities provided are quite different from their subjective perceptions. Nonetheless, anchoring effects appeared to be still persistent in spite of market-like experience and learning opportunity. And implicit values entailed by WTP bid/risk tradeoffs indicate a wide variation in values across alternative risk reductions and overrated responses to very small risk reductions.