• 환경영향평가
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.137-151
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• 2004

Many of today's environmental problems are regional in scope and their effects overlap and interact. The purpose of this paper is to developed a simple method for an integrated assessment of environmental conditions across the Mid-Nakdong River Region, by combining data on land use, impervious cover, roads, streams, riparian areas, forest patches, population, pollutant loadings, soil erosion and topography. A cluster analysis was used to identify groups of sub-watersheds with similar environmental characteristics. The mean value for each group was used to find watershed that may be more vulnerable to future environmental degradation. Watersheds in cluster I and II had high amount of forest, but the amount of riparian vegetation was low. Watersheds in cluster III, which located in the middle Geumho River and the main course of Nakdong River, had a greater proportion of their agriculture, a greater proportion of agriculture on steep slopes, and less forest adjacent to streams. Watersheds in cluster IV and V were in the most urbanized areas of the region. The principal adverse impacts for watersheds in this group were high scores for urban area, impervious cover, pollutant loadings, population density, forest fragmentation, and low amounts of forest and riparian forest cover. Notwithstanding the exploratory nature of cluster analysis, it appears to be a useful tool for grouping watersheds with similar environmental characteristics.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2016

In this study 'forest design in waterside unused land' of 'waterside area' in the specificity that multilateral, including landscape, recreation, social and environmental aspects in the space, taking into account by multiple factors :Raise 'practicality' than a functional management and police to hang out with, each element is usually way to improve the beauty. There is currently carried out waterside green area creation, which is artificial plantation and open spaces only emphasizing 'landscape' with lacking multi-function purpose, as a 'forest design in waterside unused land' strategy but it should be lowered by performance in this strategy. And the study suggested a strategy which prepared cultural and social infrastructure to be able to attract different fund and build local character as an alternative demand plan considered environmental character as a top priority.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.1030-1037
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 비점오염물질 관리를 위한 적정 수변완충폭의 산정 방안과 산정된 수변완충지역에 식재되는 식생 유형에 따른 탄소 축적 효과를 비교하여 수변지역을 친환경적으로 관리하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 낙동강 중.하류지역인 낙본 K 유역을 대상으로 수행한 연구 결과 대상 하천에 30~600 m 범위의 수변 폭이 필요한 것으로 분석되었으며, 산출된 수변완충지대 조성 지역에서 논, 밭, 초지, 나대지 등 수변 조성이 용이한 지역은 총 1,776.51 ha로 산출된 지역의 약 50%로 나타났다. 조성이 용이한 1776.51 ha에 활엽수림으로 수변완충지역을 조성할 경우 약 14,526 ton, 혼효림으로 조성할 경우 11,826 ton, 침엽수림으로 조성할 경우 8,382 ton, 다년생 초지로 조성할 경우에는 3,349 ton의 탄소가 각각 매년 축적되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과 산정된 수변완충지역에 매년 흡수하는 이산화탄소량은 자동차 약 5천대에서 배출되는 이산화탄소량과 비슷하며, 4인 기준 가정 약 2만 가구에서 나오는 이산화탄소량과 유사한 양으로 파악되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.373-382
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• 1998

This paper describes the ecological structure and function of riparian zone, and their historical changes with land-use. The riparian zone consists of valley floor landform and riparian vegetation. The functions discussed are attenuation of sunlight energy, input of leaves and needles, contribution of woody debris to streams, and retention of flowing material out of transport. These primary functions directly or indirectly influence water and sediment qualities of streams, bars and floodplains, and thereby aquatic biota. Temporal changes in a hydrological system and riparian ecosystem were examined with reference to land-use conversin in order to understand the linkages between these two systems in Toikanbetsu River. The influences of channelization and land-use on discharge of suspended sediment and wetland vegetation was also investigated in Kushiro Marsh. These two examples suggested that the ecological functions of riparian zone have been degraded as flood control and reclamation works have expanded in the past twenty years The author proposes river restoration planning by preserving or creating landscape elements based on the concepts of sustaining physical and ecological linkages.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 International Symposium on Clean Environment
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• pp.198-203
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• 2003

The effects of salmon carcasses on forest and stream ecosystems were determined by nitrogen stable isotope analysis in natural streams in Hokkaido, Northern Japan, where numerous chum salmon (Oncoryhncus keta) were migrated upstream ITom ocean to spawn in autumn. The leaves and soils surrounding riparian forest and stream dwelling invertebrates were collected before and after migration. The nitrogen stable isotope ratio $({\delta}^{15}N)$ of riparian vegetation (Salix spp.) were different depending on the presence of salmon and distance from the stream. The $({\delta}^{15}N)$ of stream dwelling invertebrates were different between salmon present and absent stream. This difference was tested using the experiment channel by implanting salmon carcasses. The nitrogen stable isotope ratio of epilithic algae and leaf shredding animals were nearly 3 higher in the salmon implanted treatment suggesting that around 20％ of salmon derived nitrogen was uptake either in algae and leaf shredding invertebrates. These results suggest that the salmon carcasses effects not only on stream primary production but also on primary consumers, which decompose leaves fertilized with nitrogen from carcasses.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.566-569
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• 2004

This study is to trace the change of stream shape using the past series of aerial photographs, and to compare the land use changes of riparian area along the stream. For the Gyeongan national stream, aerial photographs of 1966, 1981 and 2000 were selected and ortho photographs were made with interior orientation and exterior orientation, respectively. As apparent changes of the stream, the consolidated reaches of stream with levee construction were straightened and their stream widths were widened. Especially the stream width of inlet part of Paldang lake was widened almost twice because of the rise of water level by dam construction in 1974. The land use maps (1966, 1981,2000) of riparian areas were also made, respectively and classified into 6 categories (water, forest, agricultural land, urban area, road, sandbar) by digitizing. The area of forest and agricultural land decreased and urban area increased as the stream maintenance was performed.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 금호강 유역을 대상으로 수변구역의 토지이용패턴과 하천 수질간의 관계를 규명하는 것이다. GIS 자료는 수치토지이용도(1:25,000), 수치지형도(1:5,000)에서 추출된 하천망도, 그리고 다중버퍼링 기법에 의한 수변구역도로 구성되었다. Pearson의 상관분석은 하천 양안 30m 수변구역의 토지이용패턴과 수질간의 관계를 설명하기 위해서 사용하였다. 수변구역의 토지이용패턴을 분석한 결과에 따르면, 대구광역시가 위치하고 있는 금호강 하류의 소유역들은 대부분이 주거, 상업, 공업의 도시지역으로 개발된 반면, 금호강 중류와 낙동강 본류에 분포하는 소유역들은 논, 밭 그리고 과수원 등의 농업지역으로 주로 이용되었다. 유역에서 발생되는 질소, 인, 퇴적물 등의 여과기능을 담당할 수 있는 산림지역의 면적률은 16% 정도에 불과한 것으로 나타났다. 수변구역의 토지이용패턴과 하천 수질지표간의 상관분석결과에 따르면, 수변구역의 도시면적률은 하천 수질과 음(-)의 관계를 가지며, 산림지역 면적률은 양(+)의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 향후에는 지가 등의 경제적인 측면을 비롯한 현재의 토지이용패턴, 그리고 하천 제방의 특성, 지형, 토양 등의 물리적 인자를 종합적으로 고려한 조사 및 연구와 이를 바탕으로 한 종합적인 수변구역 정비 및 관리계획이 수립되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.112-127
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• 1998

지난 5월 20일과 21일에 일본 삿포로시에서 평성(平成)10년도(年度) 사방학회연구발표회(砂防學會硏究發表會)가 개최되어 기획발표 21편과 일반발표 185편의 논문이 발표되었다. 기획발표로는 화산방재(火山防災) 일반(一般) 6편, 지진사방연구회(地震砂防硏究會) 활동보고(活動報告) 6편, 수변지역(水邊地域)의 관리(管理)와 지침(指針) 5편 및 평성(平成)9년도(年度) 토사재해(土砂災害) 4편이 각각 발표되었으며, 일반과제로는 사면안정(斜面安定) 10편, 사면붕괴(斜面崩壞) 10편, 지진(地震) 9편, 환경사방(環境砂防) 41편, 토사유출(土砂流出) 25편, 경계(警械) 피난(避難) 11편, 사방계획(砂防計劃) 10편, 사방사업(砂防事業) 11편, 사방구조물(砂防構造物) 10편, 화산사방(火山砂防) 12편, 녹화(綠化) 4편, 수문(水文) 4편, 눈사태 4편, 땅밀림 4편, 토석류(土石流) 18편 및 유학생(留學生) 2편 등이 발표되었다. 특히 기획발표중 "수변지역(水邊地域)의 관리(管理)와 지침(指針)"에서는 "수변지역(水邊地域)의 구조(構造)와 기능(機能)", "홍수(洪水)와 수변형성(水邊形成)의 상관관계(相關關係)", "토사관리(土砂管理)의 장(場)으로서의 계반지역(溪畔地域)과 유로정비(流路整備) 방법(方法)", "주민참가(住民參加)에 의한 자연림(自然林) 재생(再生) 노력(努力)", "수변완충지역(水邊緩衝地域) 설정(設定)의 제도적(制度的) 사회적(社會的) 과제(課題)" 등 5편이 발표되었다. 이는 우리 나라의 사방분야(砂防分野)에 있어서 앞으로의 산지급류소하천(山地急流小河川)을 친환경적(親環境的)인 방법으로 정비하는 데에 중요한 자료이므로 그 내용을 요약 정리하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.901-910
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the amount (i.e., retention volume) and chemical composition of Natural volatile organic compounds (NVOCs) across different sites in a temperate forest. The three forest sites that were considered include riparian zones (site 1), streams (site 2), and densely-canopied areas (site 3). From May to October 2021, a mini pump was used to measure the collected NVOCs. These measurements were conducted once a month, from 10:30 am to 11:30 am; these times encompass peak visitation times. In the tree layers of the site 1 and 2, Quercus acuta was dominant, whereas Camellia japonica dominated their subtree layers. On the other hand, the tree layer of site 3 was dominated by Castanopsis sieboldii, whereas Camellia japonica dominated its subtree layer. The retention volume and chemical composition of NVOCs was as follows: benzaldehyde (107.528ppm), α-pinene (37.868ppm), linalool (16.258ppm), eucalyptol (14.818ppm), and sabinene hydrate (14.679ppm). In particular, the retention volume of benzaldehyde decreased as temperature increased. In contrast, the retention volume of α-pinene increased as the temperature increased. The differences in forest topography across the studies sites were in the following order: riparian area> forest area> stream area.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.347-356
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• 2007

The structure and dynamics of Korean red pine stands established in the riparian zone were studied in the Tsang stream in Mt. Seorak National Park, in east-central Korea. Pine stands were classified into four successional stages, the initial, establishing, competitive, and stabilizing stages, based on the age distribution of a dominant tree, Pinus densiflora, the vegetation stratification, and the microtopography of the riverine environment. The stages usually corresponded to disturbance frequencies, depending on the horizontal and vertical distances from the watercourse. Stands of the initial and establishing stages lacked tree or subtree layers, or both. As stands progressed through the developmental stages, soil particle size became finer and moisture retention capacity was improved. The stand ordination reflected the developmental stage, and the species ordination differentiated species specializing in relatively dry and wet habitats. The results of the analysis of vegetation dynamics provided ecological information which will be useful for understanding the developmental processes of vegetation established in riparian zones. Species diversity indices usually increased across developmental stages, following the typical pattern for successional processes. We discuss the importance and necessity of riparian vegetation in Korea, where most riparian forests have disappeared due to excessive human land use.