• 제목/요약/키워드: rigidity

검색결과 1,432건 처리시간 0.024초

Arch-to-beam rigidity analysis for V-shaped rigid frame composite arch bridges

  • Gou, Hongye;Pu, Qianhui;Zhou, Yang;Hong, Yu
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.405-416
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    • 2015
  • We proposed the concept of nominal rigidity of a long-span V-shaped rigid frame composite arch bridge, analyzed the effects of structural parameters on nominal rigidity, and derived a theoretical nominal rigidity equation. In addition, we discussed the selection of the arch-to-beam rigidity ratio and its effect on the distribution of internal forces, and analyzed the influence of the ratio on the internal forces. We determined the delimitation value between rigid arch-flexible beam and flexible arch-rigid beam. We summarized the nominal rigidity and arch to beam rigidity ratios of existing bridges. The results show that (1) rigid arch-flexible beam and flexible arch-rigid beam can be defined by the arch-to-beam rigidity ratio; (2) nominal rigidities have no obvious differences among the continuous rigid frame composite arch bridge, V-shaped rigid frame bridge, and arch bridge, which shows that nominal rigidity can reflect the global stiffness of a structure.

강직(强直) 및 경직(硬直)의 소양경(少陽經) 사침치료(瀉針治療)에 대한 임상적(臨床的) 고찰(考察) (Clinical study on Soyang-Kyong negative acupuncture effect of spasticity or rigidity)

  • 박진용;김진규;김수정;이운석;김용찬;정명걸
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제21권5호
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    • pp.845-850
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    • 2000
  • Objective : This study was to investigate Soyang-Kyong negative acupuncture treatment of spasticity or rigidity in 41 patients. Methods : Let Sadok, Yangnungch' on, Kuho in side of spasticity or rigidity have negative acupuncture in the skin. Result and Conclusion : 1. Spasticity or rigidity was improved 33 case of 41 case by Soyang-Kyung negative acupuncture. 2. The spasticity was improved more than the rigidity. 3. Spasticity or rigidity of Basal Ganglia, Periventricular Whete Matter, Thalamrs is improved more than Spasticity or rigidity of M.C.A territory, Pons. 4. Spasticity or rigidity of Cb-mfaction is improved more than Spasticity or rigidity of Cb-hemorrloge.

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사다리꼴형 주름판의 엄밀강성 및 자유진동 해석 (Analysis on Exact Rigidity and Free Vibration of Trapezoidal Corrugated Plates)

  • 김영완;정강
    • 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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    • 제26권7호
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    • pp.787-794
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    • 2016
  • In this study, the exact rigidity and the free vibration of trapezoidal corrugated plate are analyzed by being based on the Kirchhoff's plate theory and the Ritz method. The previous rigidity of corrugated plate analyzed by considering just a geometric characteristic, a basic assumption and an equivalent idea can cause large errors in practical behaviors. Accordingly, the exact rigidity supplemented by correction factors of the theoretical rigidity is needed. Therefore an analysis on the exact rigidity and the free vibration using the rigidity for the plate is performed in this paper.

라이즈비에 따른 사각형 격자 돔의 좌굴해석 -지붕재의 강성을 프레임의 유효폭으로 평가 (Buckling Analysis of Rectangular Lattice Dome According to Rise-Ratio -Evaluate Rigidity of Roof Material By Effective Width of Frame)

  • 박상훈;석창목;정환목;권영환
    • 한국공간구조학회논문집
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.69-75
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    • 2003
  • In case of rectangular lattice dome which shearing rigidity is very small, it has a concern to drop Buckling strength considerably by external force. So, by means of system to increase buckling-strength, there is a method of construction that lattice of dome is one with roof material. In a case like this, shearing rigidity of roof material increases buckling-strength of the whole of structure and can be designed economically from the viewpoint of practice. In case of analysis is achieved considering roof material that adheres to lattice of dame, there is method that considers the rigidity that use effective width frame as method to evaluate rigidity of roof material. therefore, this study is aimed at deciding effective width of roof material united with rectangular lattice dome to evaluate rigidity of roof material by effective width of frame and investigating how much does rigidity of roof material united with lattice of dome increase buckling-strength of the whole of structure according to rise-ratio. Conditions of loading are vertical-type-uniform loading. Analysis method is based on FEM dealing with the geometrically nonlinear deflection problems.

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호흡보호구 평가용 얼굴 로봇을 위한 한국인 얼굴 피부의 경도 측정 (The Measurement of Korean Face Skin Rigidity for a Robotic Headform of Respiratory Protective Device Testing)

  • 전은진;이아람;정영제;김희은;유희천
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.248-254
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to measure the skin rigidity of different facial areas among Koreans and propose guidelines for each area's skin rigidity that can be applied with a facial robot for testing respiratory protective devices. The facial skin rigidity of 40 participants, which included 20 men and 20 women, aged 20 to 50, was analyzed. The rigidity measurement was conducted in 13 facial areas, including six areas in contact with the mask and seven non-contact areas, by referring to the facial measurement guidelines of Size Korea. The facial rigidity was measured using the Durometer RX-1600-OO while in a supine position. The measurement procedure involved contacting the durometer vertically with the reference point, repeating the measurement of the same area five times, and using the average of three values whose variability was between 0.4 and 4.2 Shore OO. The rigidity data analysis used precision analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, and mixed-effect ANOVA. The analysis confirmed the rigidity of the 13 measurement areas, with the highest rigidity of the face being at the nose and forehead points, with values of 51.2 and 50.8, respectively, and the lowest rigidity being at the chin and center of the cheek points, with values of 19.2 and 20.7, respectively. Significant differences between gender groups were observed in four areas: the tip of the nose, the point below the chin, the area below the lower jaw, and the inner concha.

국내 연약지반의 강성지수(Ir)에 관한 연구 (The Study on Rigidity Index of the Soft Clay in Korea)

  • 서수봉;윤일형;이재식;구남실
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.49-54
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    • 2000
  • Several soil parameters can be calculated for results of Piezocone test; sensitivity, soil classification, OCR, undrained shear strength, coefficient of consolidation etc., and used to analysis geotechnical problems. Particularly, the coefficient of consolidation which is related to degree of consolidation varies according to rigidity index(I/sub r/). In this study, rigidity index(I/sub r/) was analyzed by Roy's formula. Trixial tests and unconfined compression tests data in the ten sites was analyzed. In conclusion, rigidity index(I/sub r/) was suggested such as rigidity index(I/sub r/) = 15∼60, average rigidity index value(I/sub r/) of approximately 33 within a country.

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RIGIDITY OF COMPLETE RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS WITH VANISHING BACH TENSOR

  • Huang, Guangyue;Ma, Bingqing
    • 대한수학회보
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    • 제56권5호
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    • pp.1341-1353
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    • 2019
  • For complete Riemannian manifolds with vanishing Bach tensor and positive constant scalar curvature, we provide a rigidity theorem characterized by some pointwise inequalities. Furthermore, we prove some rigidity results under an inequality involving $L^{\frac{n}{2}}$-norm of the Weyl curvature, the traceless Ricci curvature and the Sobolev constant.

지붕마감재 강성효과를 고려한 2방향 그리드 단층돔의 좌굴특성에 관한 연구 (A Study on Buckling Characteristics of 2-way Grid Single-Layer Domes Considering Rigidity-Effect of Roofing Covering Materials)

  • 박상훈;석창목;정환목;권영환
    • 한국공간구조학회논문집
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.85-92
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    • 2002
  • Two way grid single-layer domes are of great advantage in fabrication and construction because of the simple fact that they have only four members at each junction. But, from a point of view of mechanics, the rectangular latticed pattern gives rise to a nonuniform rigidity-distribution in the circumferential direction. If the equivalent rigidity is considered in the axial direction of members, the in-plane equivalent shearing rigidity depends only on the in-plane bending rigidity of members and its value is very small in comparison to that of the in-plane equivalent stretching rigidity. It has a tendency to decrease buckling -strength of dome considerably by external force. But it is possible to increase buckling strength by the use of roofing covering materials connected to framework. In a case like this, shearing rigidity of roofing material increases buckling strength of the overall structure and can be designed economically from the viewpoint of practice. Therefore, the purpose of this paper, in Lamella dome and rectangular latticed dome that are a set of 2-way grid dome, is to clarify the effects of roofing covering materials for increasing of buckling strength of overall dome. Analysis method is based on FEM dealing with the geometrically nonlinear deflection problems. The conclusion were given as follows: 1. In case of Lamella domes which have nearly equal rigidity in the direction of circumference, the rigidity of roofing covering materials does not have a great influence on buckling-strength, but in rectangular latticed domes that has a clear periodicity of rigidity, the value of its buckling strength has a tendency to increase considerably with increasing rigidity of roofing covering materials 2. In case of rectangular latticed domes, as rise-span-ratio increases, models which is subjected to pressure -type-uniform loading than vertical-type-uniform loading are higher in the aspects of the increasing rate of buckling- strength according to the rate of shear reinforcement rigidity, but in case of Lamella dome, the condition of loading and rise-span-ratio do not have a great influence on the increasing rate of buckling strength according to the rate of shear reinforcement rigidity.

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명목임금의 경직성과 고용변동성 (Nominal Wage Rigidity and Employment Volatility)

  • 황상현;이진영
    • 아태비즈니스연구
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    • 제10권4호
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    • pp.137-151
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    • 2019
  • Using Korean Labor and Income Panel Study data, this paper estimates nominal wage rigidity in Korea by industry from 2005 to 2017 and evaluates the level of inefficiency of Korean labor market. And, after estimating employment volatility by industry using the Labor Force Survey at Establishments data for Korea, we combine the nominal wage rigidity and the employment volatility estimates and analyze the effect of nominal wage rigidity on employment volatility in Korea from 2011 to 2017. If the level of wage rigidity is high, it may be hard for the labor market to be in the equilibrium, and therefore, the market may have inefficiency. We find that the inefficiency of the labor market in Korea have increased from 2005 to 2017 and the industry of accommodation and food service activities has the highest level of inefficiency over the period. We also find that one-percent-point increase in wage rigidity increases employment volatility by 2.3-2.9 percent and the positive effect is bigger for workers with part-time and temporary jobs. The result implies that firms may adjust their labor costs by changing the number of casual workers, rather than permanent workers, when the labor market suffers from a high level of wage rigidity.

강성분포가 주기성을 갖는 구형쉘의 좌굴해석 (Buckling Analysis of Spherical Shells that Rigidity-Distribution has Periodicity)

  • 박상훈
    • 한국공간구조학회논문집
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2002
  • Research about spherical shells been applying most usually is achieved by many investigators already and generalized equation has been derived. But, existent research is limited in case that spherical shell's roof rigidity is isotropy or orthotropy, and research that consider periodicity of rigidity-distribution that can happen by doing spherical shell's roof system by lattice system is not gone entirely. The purpose of this paper is applying Galerkin method to spherical shell that model periodicity of roof rigidity distribution that appear by roof lattice form of large space structure and develop structural analysis program that formularize. Rigidity-model of this research selects that of spherical shell which has 2-way grid. In this paper, buckling-strength and deformation distribution of isotopic spherical shell and 2-way grid spherical shell obtained by developed program could confirm the reliability by comparison with result of existent research.

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