• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.67-80
• /
• 2014

Objectives: This study is aimed to analyze the influential factors on the fear that college students and elderly people feel during the dental treatment and provide basic data needed to develop a plan which can lead them to have a positive perspective on dentistry. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 241 outpatients (39 college students, 202 elderly people) visiting dental clinic of 'K' University Hospital in Seoul from January to April, 2013. It was filled in a self-administered manner and collected right away. Results: factor analysis, three factors were configured when the factors with 1.0 or higher of eigenvalue were extracted using 19 questions through which dental fear and anxiety were measured against college students and elderly people. The questionnaires were classified into three categories: Factor I (stimulus response), Factor II (avoidance of the treatment) and Factor III (physiological response which occurs when a patient feels fear). As a result, it was confirmed that the questionnaire tool is highly feasible. In college students, the responses they felt during the dental treatment in the said three factors were as follows: 52.00% in Factor II, 14.14% in Factor II and 6.99% in Factor III (73.129% in total). In elderly people, on the contrary, they were 52.41% in Factor I, 10.57% in Factor II and 7.98% in Factor III (70.958% in total), lower than the college student group. Conclusions: This study is significant in that it confirmed complex relations between dental fear and related variables against college students and elderly people.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.637-643
• /
• 2014

자전거 교통사고는 이용수요의 증대와 더불어 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 추세이며, 기존 교통사고 자료를 통해 자전거 교통사고의 특성을 살펴보면 사고발생 지점은 주로 교차로 내부이며, 사고형태는 측면직각충돌사고가 빈번한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 자전거 교통이 상대적으로 집중되는 주택가 또는 학교주변의 이면도로 교차로에서의 자전거 안전이 취약한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 교차로 자전거사고의 위험요인 중 교차로 가각부 곡선반경이 운전자의 시계에 미치는 영향에 주목하여 횡단자전거와의 상충위험성에 대해 이론적으로 분석하였다. 또한 운전자의 주위확인행태가 시계에 미치는 영향에 대해서도 비교 분석하여 자전거의 안전성을 고려한 교차로 기하구조 및 운전자의 주위확인행태가 미치는 영향을 제시하고자 하였다. 그 결과 교차로 가각부 곡선반경이 클수록 횡단자전거와의 상충위험성 감소하며, 또한 운전자가 우측으로 고개를 적극적으로 돌려 주위를 확인할수록 상충위험성이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.345-351
• /
• 1991

The myocardial temperature was monitored in 19 patients of open heart surgery using the Shiley myocardial temperature probe in Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital. The myocardial temperature were measured time-wise: initial and 15 minutes following the infusion of the cardioplegic solution into the aortic root and upon reinfusion, which is 30 minutes apart from the initial. The measurements were made in the anterior wall of the right ventricle, the posterior wall of the left ventricle and the interventricular septum. Immediately after initial infusion, the temperature of the right ventricle[10.7 $\pm$4.3oC] was the lowest and that of the left ventricle[12.9$\pm$3.9 oC] the highest in the mean values among all 19 patients. However, no significant differences were noted among the different regions. At 15 minutes after infusion, the lowest temperature was in the right ventricle[17.5$\pm$5.1 oC], followed by interventricular septum[17.9$\pm$2.9 oC], and left ventricle[21.4$\pm$2.5 oC]. At 30 minutes after infusion, the lowest temperature was measured in the interventricular septum[13.6$\pm$2.7 oC ], followed by right ventricle[13.8$\pm$4.0 oC] and left ventricle[14.5$\pm$4.5 oC ]. Evaluating changes of myocardial temperature according to postinfusion time, the temperature at 15 minutes after infusion showed significant increase as compared with that immediately after the infusion in all three regions[p<0.05] and the temperature at 30 minutes after infusion showed significant decrease as compared with that at 15 minutes after the infusion in the left ventricle and the interventricular septum[p<0.05]. The left ventricle was rewarmed most rapidly and its temperature the highest in the mean values, Accordingly, the maintenance of optimal hypothermia of the left ventricle indicated a very careful factor in myocardial protection.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.72-76
• /
• 2021

Background: A pressure ulcer is common in soft tissue over the greater trochanter (GT) in side-lying position, and sustained tissue deformation induced by the prolonged external force is a primary cause, which can be discussed with soft tissues' viscoelastic properties (i.e., stress relaxation, creep response). Objects: Using an automated hand-held indentation device, we measured the viscoelastic properties of soft tissue over the hip area, in order to examine how the properties are affected by site with respect to the GT. Methods: Twenty participants (15 males and 5 females) who aged from 21 to 32 were participated. An automated hand-held indentation device was used to measure the stress relaxation time and creep response. Trials were acquired for three different locations with respect to the GT (i.e., right over the GT, 6 cm anterior or posterior to the GT). For each location, five trials were acquired and averaged for data analyses. Results: Soft tissues' stress relaxation time and creep response were associated with site (F = 23.98, p < 0.005; F = 24.09, p < 0.005; respectively). The stress relaxation time was greatest at posterior gluteal region (19.22 ± 2.49 ms), and followed by anterior region (15.39 ± 2.47 ms) and right over the GT (14.40 ± 3.18 ms). Similarly, creep response was greatest at posterior gluteal region (1.16 ± 0.14), and followed by anterior region (0.95 ± 0.14) and right over the GT (0.89 ± 0.18). Conclusion: Our results showed that the stress relaxation and creep were greatest at the posterior gluteal region and least at right over the GT, indicating that the gluteal soft tissue is more protective to the prolonged external force, when compared to the trochanteric soft tissue. The results suggest that a risk of pressure ulcer over the GT may decrease with slightly posteriorly rotated side-lying position.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.200-206
• /
• 2023

BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a significant risk of major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). In this study, we evaluated RV-pulmonary artery (PA) coupling, assessed by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE)/pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and assessed its prognostic significance, in AHF patients. METHODS: We measured the TAPSE/PASP ratio and analyzed its correlations with other echocardiographic parameters. Additionally, we assessed its prognostic role in AHF patients. RESULTS: A total of 1147 patients were included in the analysis (575 men, aged 70.81 ± 13.56 years). TAPSE/PASP ratio exhibited significant correlations with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction(r = 0.243, p < 0.001), left atrial (LA) diameter(r = -0.320, p < 0.001), left atrial global longitudinal strain (LAGLS, r = 0.496, p < 0.001), mitral E/E' ratio(r = -0.337, p < 0.001), and right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC, r = 0.496, p < 0.001). During the median follow-up duration of 29.0 months, a total of 387 patients (33.7%) died. In the univariate analysis, PASP, TAPSE, and TAPSE/PASP ratio were significant predictors of mortality. After the multivariate analysis, TAPSE/PASP ratio remained a statistically significant parameter for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.453; p = 0.037) after adjusting for other parameters. In the receiver operating curve analysis, the optimal cut-off level of TAPSE/PASP ratio for predicting mortality was 0.33 (area under the curve = 0.576, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 47%. TAPSE/PASP ratio < 0.33 was associated with an increased risk of mortality after adjusting for other variables (HR, 1.306; p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: In AHF patients, TAPSE/PASP ratio demonstrated significant associations with RVFAC, LA diameter and LAGLS. Moreover, a decreased TAPSE/PASP ratio < 0.33 was identified as a poor prognostic factor for mortality.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.231-236
• /
• 2012

This study derived measures to reduce exposure doses by identifying factors which affect the external radiation dose rate of patients treated with radiopharmaceuticals for PET-CT tests. The external radiation dose rates were measured on three parts of head, thorax and abdomen at a distance of 50cm from the surface of 60 PET-CT patients. It showed there are changes in factors affecting the external radiation dose rate over time after the administration of F-18 FDG. The external radiation dose rate was lower in the patients with more water intake than those with less water intake before the injection of radiopharmaceuticals at all three points: right after the injection of radiopharmaceuticals (average 4.17 mins), after the pre-PEET-CT urination step (average 77.47 mins), and right after the PET-CT test (average 114.15 mins). The study also found there is a need to increase the amount of water intake before the injection of radiopharmaceuticals in order to maintain a low external radiation dose rate in patients. This strategy is only possible under the assumption that the quality of the video has not changed after conducting this study on the relations between the image and quality. This study also found a need to use radiopharmaceuticals with the minimum amount needed for each patient because F-FDG doses affects the external radiation dose rate at the point right after the injection of radiopharmaceuticals. Urination frequency was the most significant factor to affect the external radiation dose rates at the point right after the PET-CT test and the point after the pre-PET-CT urination step. There is a need to realize the strategy to increase the urination frequency of patients to maintain the external radiation dose rate low (average 77.47 mins) before and after the injection of radiopharmaceuticals. In addition, at this point, there is a need to take advantage of personal strategies because the external radiation dose rate is lower if the fasting time is shorter, the contrast medium is used, and the amount of water intake is increased after the administration of radiopharmaceuticals. Finally this study found the need to be able to generalize these findings through an in-depth research on the factors affecting the external radiation dose rate, which includes radiopharmaceutical dose, urination frequency, the amount of water intake, fasting time and the use of contrast medium.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.345-352
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine how spandex wear with compressive band affects biomechanical parameters during a golf swing. Nine male golf players, each with at least 6 years golf experienc(handy 4.5${\pm}$5.4), were recruited as the participants. Eight pairs of surface electrodes were attached to the left and right side of the body to monitor the pectoralis major(PM), external abdominal oblique(AO), erector spinae(ES), and vastus lateralis(VL). This study showed that the angular velocity of the club in EG were increased during the down swing phase but X-Factor and X-factor Stretch were reduced. Average and maximum nEMG (normalized EMG) values of the left AO(external abdominal oblique) were less in EG(experimental group) compared with CG(control group) during the back swing, whereas those of left PM(pectoralis major) in EG were greater than CG. It is more likely that EG performed effectively golf swing without excess muscle activity. Thus, the spandex wear with compressive band played an important role in improving swing performance with injury prevention. This has led to suggestions of the need for further kinetic and kinematic analyses to evaluate its function.

• 한국항공운항학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.85-95
• /
• 2015

A responsibility of superior management in an airline has become enormous due to rapid increase of airline's organization and its network. Even though a leadership of superior management is believed to be an important factor, it is almost impossible for management to be responsible for all the areas of an airline organization. This is why leadership should be go down to working level people. Self-leadership means that working level people possess leadership, delegated by their superior persons, and improve their work environment with the leadership as well as related right and responsibility. This paper has tried to find out the components of self-leadership perceived by foreign cabin crews and analyzed the impact of self leadership into airline's organizational effectiveness. Based on empirical research results, this paper would suggest administrative and operational implications of managing foreign cabin crews in K-airline. It was found out foreign cabin crews perceive that self reward and self evaluation have a positive impact on self observation factor. The self observation factor has a significant effect on self goal. The self goal is analyzed as a major factor which results in organizational effectiveness.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2018

Food adulteration and food fraud should not be neglected. The present study aimed to investigate the awareness of adulterated food and its management beliefs and capabilities among teenagers' parents. Data were collected from 425 adolescents' parents having different levels of income and education. The results of factor analysis indicated that adulterated food management beliefs was classified into attitude, necessity, and anxiety. The adulterated food management capability was sub-grouped into hygiene and nutrition, knowledge, citizen action and environmental grasp. The adulterated food management capabilities were significantly different according child's school, education level and monthly income (p<0.05). The attitude factor of adulterated food management beliefs appeared to have a significant (p<0.05) impact on all factors of adulterated food management capabilities, however the necessity factor had a significant (p<0.001) impact only on factor of hygiene and nutrition. The results of the present study suggested that parents need to be aware themselves as well as to teach their children about right food selection and consumption. The findings of the study might be useful in government policy planning regarding the public health issues and dietary education of adolescents and parents.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.419-426
• /
• 2001

Concrete mix proportioning is a process of selecting the right combination of many materials such as cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, water, and admixtures to make concrete satisfying for specification and cost. In determining proportioning of concrete mixes, code information, specification, and the experience of experts are needed. However, all factors regarding mix proportioning factor cannot be considered. Therefore, the final acceptance depends on concrete quality control test results. The proportioning of concrete mixes and the adjustments are somewhat complicated, time-consuming, and uncertain tasks. In this paper, as a tool to predict the factor of the proportioning of concrete mixes, an artificial neural network is used. To consider the varieties of material properties, the standard mixed table of two companies of ready mixed concrete are used. The results show that neural net works is successfully applied to the prediction of concrete mix proportioning factor.