• Title/Summary/Keyword: rice callus

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High Frequency Somatic Embryogenic Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Various Indica Rice Genotypes

  • Hoque Md. Enamul;Mansfield John W.
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.257-262
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    • 2006
  • The paper evaluated the behavior of in vitro culture responses from a diverse set of Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. Significant differences were found in embryogenic callus induction frequency, callus growth and plant regeneration frequency when mature embryos of 11 cultivars, breeding lines and land races were compared. Genotype as well as plant growth regulator influenced the plant regeneration frequency. Callus induction frequency was not correlated with callus growth as well as plant regeneration frequency. The regenerated plants could grow to normal, fertile plants after they were successfully established in soil.

Studies on Tissue Culute in Rice, Oryza sativa L. (벼 조유배양에 관한 연구)

  • Gun-Sik Chung
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.20
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    • pp.1-26
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    • 1975
  • In order to provide basic information for the application of tissue culture to a rice breeding program. experiments were carried out on the callus formation from seedings and anthers and organ differentiation from the callus of rice varieties and their hybrids. It appeared that in general the callus tissue was more easily induced in japonicas than in indicas with significant varietal differences. A highly significant positive correlation (r=0.896$^{**}$) was obtained between the fresh weight of callus induced in NAA medium and in 2, 4-D medium in the same variety. Callus formed on the medium with 2, 4-D was more friable than that formed on the medium with NAA. The callus formation from seedlings was better than from anthers in upland rice varieties. The easiness of the callus formation appeared to be a dominant character in crosses of rice varieties. Varietal difference was also noticed in the organ differentiation from the callus and the root differentiation seemed to be easier than the shoot differentiation. Most of the plants derived from the cal1us were albinos and the frequency of occurrence of albinos was greater in callus of seedlings than in that of anthers. Greater amount of callus tissue was formed from anthers of $F_1$ plants than anyone of their parents in remote-crosses but it was clear in close-crosses. A highly significant positive correlation (r=0.504$^{**}$) was found between the callus formation from seedlings and from anthers.

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Studies on the aseptic culture induced from rice seedlings treated with auxins (Auxin에 의한 벼 발아종자의 Callus 형성)

  • Gun-Sik Chung;Mun-Hue Heu
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.15
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    • pp.135-140
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    • 1974
  • The callus formation and shoot growth of germinating rice seedlings in the aseptic culture media treated with 2.4-D and N.A.A. were studied with 3 rice cultivars. Callus formation and shoot growth were the best in the media including $10^-4$M N.A.A.. Varietal differences also were significant in the formation of callus and shoot growth from the callus.

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Studies on the Application of Tissue Culture for Plant Breeding I. Effect of genotype and other combined factors on the callus induction and plant regeneration in anther culture of rice (농작물 조직배양의 육종학적 이용에 관한 연구 제1보 벼 약배양효율에 대한 유전자형과 다른 요인간의 복합효과)

  • Kim, K.H.;Rush, M.C.
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.425-430
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    • 1983
  • Rice (Oryza sativa L.) anthers collected from different genotypes were cultured to investigate the priority to increase callus production rate among several factors affecting on callus formation. Rice varieties, F$_1$ hybrids and F$_2$ plants differed greatly in their abilities to produce callus from anthers, and it was confirmed that the culturability of rice anther was a heritable characteristic. Cold shock treatment before plating anthers promoted callus formation rate, but combined effect with genotype having high culturability was more significant. The response to sucrose concentration in culture medium in callus induction rate was different between rice genotypes, but combined effect with genotype was not significant. Single supplement of NAA to R$_2$ medium increased callus production rate remarkably only in rice genotype having high culturability. Conclusively selection of genotypes is most important to increase callus initiation frequency from rice anthers.

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Selection of Rice Primary Pollen Callus with Improved Cold Tolerence (벼 꽃가루 캘러스의 저온처리에 의한 내연성 기내선발)

  • 양세준;오병근
    • Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.35-39
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    • 1994
  • Is obtain cell lines showing high level of rice cold tolerance, direct in vitro selection through cold stress on primary pollen callus derived from anther culture was carried out Genotypic difference in callus formation and plant regeneration was recognized Rates of albino was increased along the duration of cold stress. Reciprocal effects were not noticed in anther culturability There was no variants related to rice leaf discoloration in pollen derived lines from parental varieties, regardless of days of cold stress. The regeneration and recombination of rice leaf discoloration in 146 pollen-derived lines, 70 pollen-derived lines from cold stress at $0^{\circ}C$ for 10 days, and 830 F$_2$ plants presented normal distribution curves with skewness in tolerance and no significant difference among 3 populations. Direct in vitro selection for rice cold tolerance through cold stress on primary pollen callus derived from anther culture, therefore, was revealed ineffective as a in vitro technology.

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High-frequency plant regeneration from transgenic rice expressing Arabidopsis thaliana Bax Inhibitor (AtBI-1) tissue cultures

  • Cho, A-Ra;Lee, Dong-Kil;Kim, Kyung-Min
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.83-87
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    • 2015
  • Genetic transformation was affected by material of explant, age of callus, and medium of regeneration. Two rice seed cultivars (Ilpum and Baekjinju) and mediums were investigated in this study for enhancing regeneration of transgenic rice expressed AtBI-1 gene encoding the Arabidopsis thaliana Bax inhibitor. Regeneration rate of Ilpum rice transformant in gelrite of 5 and 8 g were 27.4% and 18.0%, respectively. In Baekjinju, regeneration rate of transformant was 5.4% and 4.3% in 5 and 8 g gelrite, respectively. The highest number of transformant plant in this study was regenerated from Ilpum cultivar on MS medium (30.4%) and was applied for the subsequent experiment. The callus regeneration rate of transformant were 40.7% in callus infection of up-side, it was higher regeneration then in the down-side (3.9%). The regeneration rate of callus of 25 days and 35 days were 14.7% and 38.6%, respectively. The most important application of this work is in genetic transformation of rice, particularly for improvement transgenic plant tissue culture protocol with high frequency of plant regeneration.

Rice plants regenerated under saline conditions displayed salt tolerance and stress memory

  • Cho, Hyun Min;Chun, Hyun Jin;Kim, Min Chul
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2017.06a
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    • pp.152-152
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    • 2017
  • Plants exposed to environmental stress for long durations often can adapt to stress conditions with improved tolerance. Moreover this acquired tolerance to stress can be retained even after reverting to destressed growth conditions, which is known to stress memory. In these adaptation and stress memory processes, epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications play a key role. Here, we showed that regenerated rice plants from embryogenic callus exposed to gradually increasing NaCl concentrations (up to 120 mM NaCl) acquired salt tolerance and their enhanced tolerance are inherited to subsequent generations. The rice plants (R0) regenerated from rice callus under saline conditions were transplanted into normal paddy field and R1 seeds were harvested. These R1 seeds displayed higher germination rate on MS medium containing 100mM NaCl than wild-type. The callus derived from R1 seeds showed better growth than control callus on high salinity medium. And the salt-adapted R1 plants exhibited higher chlorophyll contents and also higher $K^+/Na^+$ ratio than wild-type rice under saline conditions. The results indicated that rice plants successfully adapted to saline growth conditions during regeneration on high salt medium and moreover this acquired tolerance to salt stress was inherited subsequent generation.

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Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) detection for plant regeneration ability from seed culture in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

  • Liu, Meihan;Sohn, Jae-Keun
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.169-174
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    • 2012
  • Quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which were related to the ability of callus induction and plant regeneration in seed culture of rice, were analyzed using a mapping population from a cross between the rice cultivars 'Samgang' (tongil type) and 'Nagdong' (japonica). A tongil type rice cultivar, 'Samgang' showed lower frequency (20%) of plant regeneration than that (35%) of japonica rice, 'Nagdong'. Transgressive segregations were observed for the ability of callus induction and plant regeneration from the seed-derived calli of 58 doubled haploid (DH) lines. The ability of plant regeneration of 58 doubled haploid lines showed a continuous distribution with comparatively wide range (10.0 to 66.7%) of variation. Composite interval mapping analysis was used to identify the QTLs controlling callus induction and plant regeneration ability. Four significant QTLs, qCWS6, qCWS8, qCWS9 and qCWS11, associated with callus weight per seed were detected on chromosomes 6, 8, 9, and 11 with LOD values of 3.30, 2.60, 2.70 and 2.43, explaining 36% of the total phenotypic variation. Three significant QTLs, qPR1, qPR6, and qPR11, for the ability of plant regeneration were located on chromosome 1, 6, and 11 at LOD score of 2.25, 2.15 and 2.55, accounting for 24 % of the total phenotypic variation. The present study should be useful for improving the efficiency of plant regeneration in tissue culture of indica rice by means of marker-assisted selection.

Hormonal Effect on the Callus Induction from Perennial Weeds (다년생잡초(多年生雜草)로부터 Callus 유도(誘導)와 생장조절제(生長調節劑)의 영향(影響))

  • Kim, B.C.;Kim, K.U.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.25-32
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    • 1986
  • This experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of various hormones on callus induction, and on plantlet formation on various media, and to detect of Londax [Methyl 2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidin-2-yl) amino] carbonyl] amono] sulfonyl) methyl] benzoate] and Basta[Ammonium-(3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl)-methyl phosphinate] on callus growth and reaction of succinate dehydrogenase in callus against TTC, using various species such as Eleocharis kuroguwai, Cyperus serotinus, Oryza sativa (samgangbyeo) and Echinochloa crusgalli P. Beauv. var. caudata Kitagawa. The optimal levels of 2,4-D in MS medium seems to be different among species tested, 2.0 ppm for rice and E. crusgalli, 1.0 ppm for Eleocharis kuroguwai, and 4.0 ppm for C. serotinus derived callus from shoot-tip. In case of combination of 2,4-D with BA, 1.0 plus 0.3 ppm appeared the most appropriate level to induce callus from rice and E. kuroguwai, and I.0 plus 0.1 ppm for C. serotinus and E. crusgalli. When 2,4-D treated with TIBA, 1.0 plus 0.5 ppm appeared the most appropriate rates to induce callus derived from seeds of rice, E. crusgalli, seeds of C. serotinus and E. kuroguwai, 1.0 plus 0.3 ppm for shoot-tip of C. serotinus. Positive reaction of succinate dehydrogenase against TTC was observed regardless of calli and herbicides tested, indicating that they all are alive, and these herbicides were not able to kill the calli tested within the short period of time 20 hrs treatment. Regardless of plant species used, the rate of plantlet formation from callus was very low. However, some plantlet formed from E. crusgalli at 0.8 ppm of 2,4-D plus 8.0 ppm of kinetin, and from E. kuroguwai at 1.6 ppm of 2,4-D plus 16.0 ppm of kinetin, showing effectiveness of 2,4-D with kinetin mixture treatment. No callus was induced from C. serotinus treated with Basta from $10^{-6}M$ to $10^{-3}M$. In general, rice was the least susceptible to Basta among plant species tested, followed by E. crusgalli, and E. kuroguwai. In Londax treatment, rice showed the least inhibition rate in callus growth. Callus was induced from rice even at $10^{-3}M$ of Londax. However, $10^{-3}M$ of Londax completely inhibited callus induction from the test species. Rice showed most tolerant to both herbicides, indicating the existence of different responses among plant species.

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Improvement of Transformation Efficiencies using Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Korean Rice

  • Cho, Joon-Hyeong;Lee, Jang-Yong;Kim, Yong-Wook;Lee, Myoung-Hoon;Park, Seong-Ho
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.49 no.1
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    • pp.61-68
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    • 2004
  • A reproducible transformation system via optimized regeneration media for Korean rice cultivars was established using Agrobacterium tumefeciens LBA4404 (pSBM-PPGN; gusA and bar). Although japonica rice genotypes were easier to produce transgenic plants compared to Tongil type cultivars, transformation efficiencies were not always correlated with regeneration efficiencies of non-transgenic callus on the control medium. Regeneration efficiencies of Donganbyeo, Ilmibyeo, and Manchubyeo were over 50% in non-transgenic control, however, transformation efficiencies were significantly low when only sucrose was added to the media as a carbon source. However, the medium, MSRK5SS-Pr (or MSRK5SM-Pr), that contains $5\textrm{mgL}^{-1}$ kinetin, $0.5\textrm{mgL}^{-1}$ NAA, 2 % sucrose (or maltose), 3% sorbitol, and $500\textrm{mgL}^{-1}$ proline, was the most efficient not only for regeneration of non-transgenic callus but also for regeneration of transgenic callus in the presence of L-phosphinotricin (PPT). Average transformation efficiencies of 16 Korean rice cultivars were significantly enhanced by using the optimized medium from 1.5% to 5.8% in independent callus lines and from 2.9% to 19.4% in tromsgenic plants obained. Approximately 98.9% (876 out of 885) transgenic plants obtained on optimized media showed basta resistance. Stable integration, inheritance and expression of gusA and bar genes were continued by GUS assay and PCR and Southern analysis of the bar gene. With Pst1 digestion of genomic DNA of transgenic plants, one to five copies of T-DNA segment were observed; however, 76% (19 out of 25 transgenic plants) has low copy number of T-DNA. The transformants obtained from one callus line showed the same copy numbers with the same fractionized band patterns.