• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.285-288
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• 2006

This paper provides a method to predict the ductile capacity of reinforced concrete beams that fail in shear after flexural yielding. The proposed method takes into account shear strength deterioration in the plastic hinge region of RC beams. The shear contribution of the concrete in the plastic hinge region decreases after flexural yielding of the beam due to a decrease in the effective compressive strength of the concrete. To verify the shear strength and the corresponding ductility of the proposed method, 8 RC beams were tested under reversed cyclic loading.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.199-212
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• 2019

This paper presents an investigation on seismic behavior of out-of-code Q690 circular high-strength concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular (HCFTST) columns made up of high-strength (HS) steel tubes (yield strength $f_y{\geq}690MPa$). Eight Q690 circular HCFTST columns with various diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratios, concrete cylinder compressive strengths ($f_c$) and axial compression ratios (n) were tested under the constant axial loading and reversed cyclic lateral loading. The obtained lateral load-displacement hysteretic curves, energy dissipation, skeleton curves and ductility, and stiffness degradation were analyzed in detail to reflect the influences of tested parameters. Subsequently, a simplified shear strength model was derived and validated by the test results. Finally, a finite element analysis (FEA) model incorporating a stress triaxiality dependent fracture criterion was established to simulate the seismic behavior. The systematic investigation indicates the following: compared to the D/t ratio and axial compression ratio, improving the concrete compressive strength (e.g., the HS thin-walled steel tube filled with HS concrete) had a slight influence on the ductility but an obvious enhancement of energy dissipation and peak load; the simplified shear strength model based on truss mechanism accurately predicted the shear-resisting capacity; and the established FEA model incorporating steel fracture criterion simulated well the seismic behavior (e.g., hysteretic curve, local buckling and fracture), which can be applied to the seismic analysis and design of Q690 circular HCFTST columns.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.469-486
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• 2006

The main objective of this study was to investigate the seismic behavior of damaged reinforced concrete frames rehabilitated by introducing cast in place reinforced concrete infills. Four bare and five infilled frames were constructed and tested. Each specimen consisted of two (twin) 1/3-scale, one-bay and two-story reinforced concrete frames. Test specimens were tested under reversed-cyclic lateral loading until considerable damage occurred. RC infills were then introduced to the damaged specimens. One bare specimen was infilled without being subjected to any damage. All infilled frames were then tested under reversed-cyclic lateral loading until failure. While some of the test frames were detailed properly according to the current Turkish seismic code, others were built with the common deficiencies observed in existing residential buildings. The variables investigated were the effects of the damage level and deficiencies in the bare frame on the seismic behavior of the infilled frame. The deficiencies in the frame were; low concrete strength, inadequate confinement at member ends, 90 degree hooks in column and beam ties and inadequate length of lapped splices in column longitudinal bars made above the floor levels. Test results revealed that both the lateral strength and lateral stiffness increased significantly with the introduction of reinforced concrete infills even when the frame had the deficiencies mentioned above. The deficiency which affected the behavior of infilled frames most adversely was the presence of lap splices in column longitudinal reinforcement.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2015

이 논문에서는 철근으로 보강한 고인성 섬유복합체(ECC) 기둥의 반복이력거동을 연구하였다. ECC를 제조하기 위하여 1종 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트(OPC)를 기본 결합재로 하고, 플라이애시를 다량 치환하여 결합재와 충전재로 사용하는 배합을 적용하였다. 철근 보강한 ECC 기둥의 반복이력거동을 평가하기 위하여 일반 철근콘크리트 기둥 실험체를 제작하여 실험을 수행하였다. 반복하중에 의한 실험의 결과, 일반 철근콘크리트 기둥에 비하여 철근 보강한 ECC 기둥은 높은 연성비와 함께 안정적인 이력거동을 나타내었고, 우수한 휨 균열 제어 특성을 나타내었다. 또한 횡방향 하중에 대한 기둥의 내력 증진효과와 함께 에너지 소산능력의 향상을 나타내었다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.235-255
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• 2016

This paper experimentally investigated the behavior of steel frame structures of traditional-style buildings subjected to combined constant axial load and reversed lateral cyclic loading conditions. The low cyclic reversed loading test was carried out on a 1/2 model of a traditional-style steel frame. The failure process and failure mode of the structure were observed. The mechanical behaviors of the steel frame, including hysteretic behaviors, order of plastic hinges, load-displacement curve, characteristic loads and corresponding displacements, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness degradation were analyzed. Test results showed that the Dou-Gong component (a special construct in traditional-style buildings) in steel frame structures acted as the first seismic line under the action of horizontal loads, the plastic hinges at the beam end developed sufficiently and satisfied the Chinese Seismic Design Principle of "strong columns-weak beams, strong joints-weak members". The pinching phenomenon of hysteretic loops occurred and it changed into Z-shape, indicating shear-slip property. The stiffness degradation of the structure was significant at the early stage of the loading. When failure, the ultimate elastic-plastic interlayer displacement angle was 1/20, which indicated high collapse resistance capacity of the steel frame. Furthermore, the finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the behavior of traditional-style frame structure. Test results agreed well with the results of the finite element analysis.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 1999

본 연구는 철근콘크리트 기둥에 탄소섬유쉬트를 보강하고 일정축력(0.35$P_o$)을 가한 상태에서 정, 부반복 횡가력을 실시하여 탄소섬유쉬트의 보강효과를 검증하기 위한 것으로, 탄소섬유쉬트의 보강배수에 따른 보강효과의 차이, 손상을 받은 시둥을 보수후 탄소섬유쉬트를 보강한 경우와 손상을 받지 않은 기둥에 탄소섬유쉬트를 보강한 경우의 거동의 차이를 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 탄소섬유쉬트의 보강매수는 2매와 3매 2종류에 관해 검토하였으며 보강매수에 따른 차이는 에너지 흡수능력에서 약간의 차이를 보일뿐 최대내력, 강성저하율 등에 있어서는 비슷한 거동을 나타내었다. 최대내력의 80% 수준까지 내력저하가 발생하도록 사전가력하여 탄소섬유쉬트를 보강한 기둥과 전혀 손상을 주지 않은 기둥에 탄소섬유쉬트를 보강한 기둥의 거동은, 손상을 준 기둥의 초기강성만이 탄소섬유 쉬트를 보강하지 않은 기둥에 비해 저하하나, 최대내격, 에너지 흡수능력, 연성등에 있어서는 무보강실험체에 비해 우수한 성능을 나타내었으며, 따라서 전체적으로 지진등으로 상당한 손상을 입은 기둥이라도 손상부 보수 후 탄소섬유쉬트로 보강하면 상당한 성능의 향상을 기할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 보강매수에 따라 내력증진효과는 2매보강(${\rho}_{cf}$=0.44%)과 3매 보강(${\rho}_{cf}$=0.66%)의 경우 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2013

소성힌지 구역의 축방향변형률의 예측은 지진하중을 받는 철근콘크리트 기둥의 합리적인 연성 평가를 위하여 필요한 항목이다. 축방향변형률은 콘크리트의 유효압축강도를 저하시키고 층간 변위를 크게 할 수 있다. 기존 연구는 주로 소성힌지가 발생하는 보의 축방향변형률 예측에 국한되었지만 횡력을 받는 구조물에서는 저층부 기둥도 소성힌지가 발생한다. 이 논문에서는 기둥 부재에 작용하는 축력의 크기에 따라 변화하는 축방향변형률을 예측할 수 있는 모델과 평가식이 제안되었다. 단면 해석법을 이용하여 하중이력에 따른 축방향변형률의 변화와 철근의 변형률 변화를 고찰한 후, 해석과 실험 결과를 근거로 축방향변형률 예측 모델을 제안하였다. 제안된 모델은 부재 축방향변형률을 3가지 경로(재하, 재하 후 반대하중이 하중이 가해지는 구간, 동일한 부재 회전각에서 반복하중을 받을 구간)로 구분하였다. 이 연구에서 제안된 기둥 부재의 축방향변형률의 계산식은 축력비가 다른 철근콘크리트 기둥의 실제 축방향변형률을 추적하였고, 축력비의 영향을 반영하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.649-660
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• 2002

Experimental results are presented from tests conducted on reinforced concrete beam-column joints with lap splices under reversed cyclic loading simulating earthquake action. Response curves are compared for twenty-four specimens designed according to Eurocode 2. The main parameters of the investigation are, the geometry of the reinforcing bar extension, the applied axial load (normalized), the available cover over lap splice region extended as length required from Eurocode 2, as well as the shape and the volumetric percentage of the stirrups confining the lap splice zone. The results are evaluated with regards to the load intensity, the energy absorption capacity and the characteristics of the load deflection curve.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-38
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• 2009

The present paper provides test data to evaluate the seismic performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) filled steel square hollow section (SHS) beam-columns. Fifteen specimens, including 12 RAC filled steel tubular (RACFST) columns and 3 reference conventional concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) columns, were tested under reversed cyclic flexural loading while subjected to constant axially compressive load. The test parameters include: (1) axial load level (n), from 0.05 to 0.47; and (2) recycled coarse aggregate replacement ratio (r), from 0 to 50%. It was found that, generally, the seismic performance of RACFST columns was similar to that of the reference conventional CFST columns, and RACFST columns exhibited high levels of bearing capacity and ductility. Comparisons are made with predicted RACFST beam-column bearing capacities and flexural stiffness using current design codes. A theoretical model for conventional CFST beam-columns is employed in this paper for square RACFST beam-columns. The predicted load versus deformation hysteretic curves are found to exhibit satisfactory agreement with test results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제72권6호
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• pp.723-736
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• 2019

The efficacy of a technique for the rehabilitation and strengthening of RC beam-column connections damaged due to cyclic loading was investigated. The repair mainly uses epoxy resin infused under pressure into the damaged region to retrieved back the lost capacity and then strengthening using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets for capacity enhancement. Three common types of reduced scale RC exterior beam-column connections namely (a) beam-column connection with beam weak in flexure (BWF) (b) beam-column connections with beam weak in shear (BWS) and (c) beam-column connections with column weak in shear (CWS) subjected to reversed cyclic loading were considered for the experimental investigation. The rehabilitated and strengthened specimens were also subjected to similar cyclic displacement. Important parameters related to seismic capacity such as strength, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation, and ductility were evaluated. The rehabilitated connections exhibited equal or better performance and hence the adopted rehabilitation strategies could be considered as satisfactory. Confinement of damaged region using FRP sheet significantly enhanced the seismic capacity of the connections.