• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.461-465
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• 1991

Silica-based gel filtration chromatography has been used to characterize molecular weight of proteins. However, the molecular weight measured by this method was distorted by protein-silica interactions like hydrophobic and electrostatic forces. Therefore, we characterized protein-silica interaction using two forms of phytochrome (124 kDa) having different hydrophobicity and surface charge. PH and ionic strength affected the retention time of phytochrome suggesting that electrostatic force is the major interaction between protein and silica surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.287.2-287.2
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• 2013

We synthesized a new composite of poly sodium 4-styrenesulfonate intercalated graphene oxide for energy storage devices by controlling oxidation time in the synthesis of graphite oxide. Specific capacitance was improved from 20 F/g of the previous composites to 88 F/g of the new composite at the current density of 0.3 A/g. The capacitance retention was 94% after 3000 cycles, indicating that the new composites of high cyclic stability, prominent performance as electric double layer capacitor, and even low resistance could be an excellent carbon based electrode for further energy storage devices.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.30-36
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• 2002

A 0.19 hectare natural-type wetland for stream water treatment demonstration was constructed and planted with cattails from April 2001 to May 2001. Part of its bottom surfaces adjacent to levees have a variety of slope of 1 : 4~1 : 15. Two small open water areas were installed, in which emergent plants could not grow. Removal of nutrients from stream waters was a major objective of the wetland. Waters of Sinyang Stream flowing into Kohung Estuarine Lake were pumped and funneled into the wetland. The lake had been formed by a salt marsh reclamation project and was located southern coastal region of Korean Peninsula. Volumes and water quality of inflow and outflow were analyzed from July 2001 through December 2001. Inflow and outflow averaged $120.4m^3/day$ and $112.1m^3/day$, respectively. Hydraulic retention time was about 3.1 days. Average total phosphorous concentration of influent and effluent was $0.19mg/{\ell}$ and $0.075mg/{\ell}$, respectively. Total phosphorous loading rate of inflow and outflow averaged $12.05mg\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$ and $4.44mg\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$, respectively. Average total phosphorous removal rate in the wetland was $7.61mg\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$. Seasonal changes of phosphorous retention rates were observed. The wetland acted as effective phosphorous sinks in the initial stage of the constructed wetland.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.250-256
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• 2011

In this work, the effects of surfactant and solvents, such as benzyl alcohol and n-propyl alcohol, on the human hair dyeing with acid dye was investigated including the amount of dyes in hair according to dyeing time, temperature, and pH. And the damage of dyed hair was assessed by water retention, protein release, and SEM images of the dyed hairs. By adding benzyl alcohol in acid dyeing, the dyeing rate was increased and the dyeing equilibrium was established at early stage. The water retention of the dyed hair was increased and the protein release of the dyed hair was decreased. Therefore the hair was damaged less during the dyeing.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 2000

Relative retention times (RRTs) of RAH molecules in HPLC are trained and predicted intesting sets using a multiple linear regression (NLR) and an artificial neural network (ANN). The maindescriptors in QSRR are molecular connectivity ($^1X_v,\;^2X_v$), the length-to-breadth ratios (L/B), and molecular dipole moment(D). L/B which is related with slot model is a good descripter in ANN, but isn't in MLR. Varainces which show the accuracy of prediction times in testing sets are 0.0099, 0.0114 for ANN and MLR, respectively. It was shown that ANN can exceed the MLR in prediction accuracy.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.440-450
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• 2015

Effects of Doenjang and Chunggukjang on rheological properties of bread flour were investigated based on falling number, RVA, farinogram, colorimeter, rheofermentometer and SEM. The falling number of bread flour was highest among all samples, and mixed flours containing Chunggukjang showed lower falling number than Doenjang. RVA showed that initial pasting temperatures of the control mixed flour of Doenjang and Chunggukjang increased sequentially, whereas peak viscosities were reversed and final viscosities showed similar results. In the farinogram, consistencies and water absorptions decreased with increasing quantity of Doenjang and Chunggukjang. Developments, stabilities, time to breakdowns and farinogram quality numbers of the mixed flour containing Doenjang were higher than those of Chunggukjang and greater addition decreased values. In the rheofermentometer test, height of maximum dough development of mixed flours containing Chunggukjang were lower than that of flours containing Doenjang. Total volumes, retention volumes and retention coefficients of mixed flours containing Doenjang and Chunggukjang were lower compared to the control. For features, SEM showed that mixed flour containing Chunggukjang showed a faded boundary compared to flour containing Doenjang. All of results showed that the various activities of Chunggukjang were more potent than those of Doenjang.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2010

Recently, there is a trend to utilize natural dyes in many dyeing fields. In this work, the effects of benzyl alcohol in human hair dyeing with cochineal, a natural dye, was investigated. We investigated the K/S value and color value of dyed hair, water retention of dyed hair, protein release-ability of dyed hair, and wash fastness of dyed hair according to dyeing time and temperature. The shade of dyed hair was reddish. By adding benzyl alcohol in cochineal dyeing, the dyeing rate was increased and the dyeing equilibrium was established at early stage. The water retention of dyed hair was increased and the protein release-ability of dyed hair was decreased, meaning that the hair was less damaged during dyeing, The dyed hair showed a good wash fastness.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.14-22
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• 2016

Pulping is a stage that can change fibrous raw materials into pumpable slurry. Recovered paper can be defibrated to individual fibers by shear stress generated by rotation of a rotor and water. Disintegration of recovered paper is more complicated than that of chemical pulp. When disintegration of recovered paper is poor, screening and cleaning efficiency will be worse and properties of paper will also be deteriorated. Therefore, pulping is an important treatment for improvement of availability of recovered paper and process runnability. In this study, degrees of disintegration of KOCC obtained from a linerboard mill was analyzed with a pilot-scale screen. Flake removal of KOCC slurry was performed by a pilot screen. Simple pumping action gave a positive effect on disintegration of KOCC. After pumping for 10 minutes, paper strength increased without the change of water retention value and fibrillation of KOCC slurry. This phenomena can be explained by modification of hornified surface of KOCC fibers by shear stress generated by pumping. Consequently, disintegration efficiency of KOCC can be enhanced by control of retention time at pulper or an agitation power at chests of papermaking process.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.97-102
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• 2015

This study aimed to evaluate the potential plantgrowth promoting effects of potassium polyacrylate, a superabsorbent polymer, and Bacillus sp. SH1RP8, a family of plant-growth-promoting bacteria. Potassium polyacrylate was selected as the polymer for use due to its high molecular weight and its ability to retain and continuously supply moisture. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were isolated from the soil and applied to plants growing in dry environments, such as saline conditions. The moisture absorption and retention abilities of potassium polyacrylate were evaluated at a high temperature ($50^{\circ}C$) and in a dry condition, during which time the polymer showed a water retention potential of 19606.07% after 29 days. To overcome the reaming problem in the soil environment, natural polymers (such as cellulose) were mixed with the potassium acrylate. The shoot growths of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb and Arundo donax were significantly enhanced when treated with the mixture of the isolated rhizosphere bacterium SH1RP8 and potassium polyacrylate (63.5 and 124.3%, respectively).

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.261-273
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• 1993

In order to study hydraulic properties and mechanical properties on unsaturated region, soil-water retention curve was obtained for suction plate method and pressure plate method, respectively. To investigate permeability of unsaturated soil and soil-water retention curve at the same time, unsaturated permeability tests using an improved Richard's method were performed on Joomoonjin Sand. These experimental results were compared with those by empirical equations. The relationship between air entry value and saturated permeability of filter was obtained for selecting a proper filter in unsaturated soil tests.