• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.73-88
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• 2010

Study aims to identify customer equity drivers and their relative importance, to represent customer lifetime value (CLV) distribution, and to investigate the effect of customer equity drivers and demographics on CLV when shopping apparels at the four big department stores in Seoul. Recently, Korean department stores marked significant decrease in sales volume and it calls for more focus on customer orientation. Customer equity is a managerial concept which considers customers as a valuable asset for business success. Sustainable competitive advantage is attainable when customer equity drivers and CLV are measured, managed and enhanced. results identified four dimensions of customer equity drivers such as 'retail brand equity: 'relationship equity', 'retail service equity', and 'price value equity'. Among them, 'relationship equity' was proved to be the most influencing factor on the customer's store patronage intention. The CLV distribution represented unique characteristics of each department store. The level of CLV depended on such demographics as age and income. Marital status influenced the relationship between perceived customer equity drivers and CLV. It also analyzed competitive structure of the four big department stores in Seoul and offered managerial suggestions. This study provided conceptual framework for the future study of customer equity related to apparel shopping at the department stores as well as managerial implications.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.25-29
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• 2013

Purpose - This study aimed to examine how the integration of IT systems was applied in the merger and acquisition (M&A) process in a Korean retail industry, based on the conceptual framework of a combination of related, existing literature. Research design, data, methodology - We employed the case study method, which involved literature reviews and interviews. We conducted a documentary survey and interviews regarding the M&A case for company A. Results - Company A had an integration strategy and plan with IT expertise before it began integrating both IT systems in D-Day. The IT integration of both systems was completed efficiently and effectively. Company A utilized not just one but all integration options, which was done in stages and according to situation. Conclusions - Companies should develop an integration strategy and have a clear integration plan with IT expertise in order to achieve successful integration. Companies trying to integrate IT systems during an M&A process can utilize all integration options in consideration of their business context and IT system conditions.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

Purpose - This research aimed at exploring the mediation roles of the arousal and pleasure in the effects of the congruity between visual sensory cues of a retail store and consumers' self-image on the intent to reuse the store. Research design, data, and methodology - The data from 278 Chinese consumers who answered the questionnaire online were analyzed by using structural equation model of Amos 21.0 program to verify the hypotheses. Results - Store's visual sensory cues congruent with consumers' self-image directly affected the intention to reuse the store, and had positive impacts on both their arousal and pleasure states. The consumers' pleasure positively influenced on their intention, but their arousal did not influence on the intention. Consumers' pleasure played mediation roles in the effect of the congruity on the intention to reuse the store. Conclusions - Retail store marketers should pay attention to visual sensory cues to match the cues to consumers' self-image, when designing their store settings. When developing the cues, to help consumers feel pleasure which in turn, induces loyalty to their store, the marketers should develop the atmosphere setting in the respects of the congruity between the visual sensory cues and the self image.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.47-65
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the investment returns and profitability of major Korean retail companies and to discuss the implications of their published accounting data. We have found that Korean department store companies shows the sound ROIC (return on invested capital) compared with U,5. counterparts. However, major discount store companies have problems in terms of poor ROIC ratios in spite of their rapid growth for the last decade. The results of ROIC performance of 3 major department stores and 3 discount stores are compared and the implications of the study are discussed. Furthermore, the published accounting data of major U.S. department stores and discount stores are analyzed in the context of benchmarking for Korean companies.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.79-99
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• 2008

This study attempts to investigate the effects of perceived value on customer satisfaction and customer voluntary behavioral intention such as customer loyalty, participation intention, cooperation intention in retail store. For this purpose, the model posits that perceived value will have a positive impact on customer satisfaction and customer voluntary behavioral intention. We investigate the 680 customers of the korean open air market(337) and the discount store(343) for the research. The results showed that perceived value positively influences customer satisfaction and customer voluntary behavioral intention. Implications of the findings are considered and future research directions identified.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.25-36
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of the study was to investigate the financial difficulty of the elderly in each income group and to examine the factors having related influence. The study adopted models with Korean welfare panel material and examined factors that having influence upon low income elderly's selection on retail business. Research design, data, and methodology - The study investigated the effects having influence upon the financial difficulty of elderly household as well as common household. It also examined independence variables having influence upon household's financial stress and found out the direction of financial control in elderly household. The study investigated the effect of financial stress upon economy to support consumption of the elderly. Results - In cases of financial difficulties, independent variables of the debt increased the financial difficulties of elderly households relying upon traditional markets. The elderly households had financial difficulties because of independent variables of the debt except for loan from financial institution. Conclusions - In this study, the elderly's financial stress had influence upon the use of retail business and the characteristics of residing and family. Further study shall give support policies for the elderly to alleviate financial burden.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2021

Purpose: While previous studies mainly focus on one shopping expectancy in the context of e-commerce or m-commerce, this study examines the relationship between consumers' performance and effort expectancy and their shopping intentions in the omnichannel retail environment in which both online and offline shopping channels are utilized concurrently in a single shopping journey. Research design, data and methodology: This study measured consumers' performance expectancy, effort expectancy, attitudes, and intentions toward an omnichannel shopping service. A survey was developed using an online survey platform and distributed to U.S. consumers for a 3-week period and 470 usable responses were obtained. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling were performed to test the reliability and validity of the measurement model and research model portraying the hypothesized relationships among constructs. Results: The results confirm that both performance and effort expectancy from shopping affected consumers' attitudes toward omnichannel shopping. The positive attitudes increased their omnichannel shopping intentions. Conclusions: Retailers should promote omnichannel strategies as effective shopping tools to improve consumers' shopping experiences and outcomes. This study suggests that retailers should implement omnichannel strategies that synchronize the retail channels they offer and promote the strategies as effective means to enhance customers' shopping outcomes and experiences.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.81-89
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• 2021

Purpose: Traditional charity retail needs to change its communication in the online environment. This article examines the effectiveness of communication by online charity organizations in terms of the type of messages being delivered. Research design, data and methodology: Study 1 based on a sample of 120 Korean adults, we investigated whether charity asking messages for domestic people, compared to those for foreign people, prompt more favorable evaluations when framed with low (vs. high) construal levels. In Study 2, with 120 Korean adults sample, we tested whether emotional message appeals prompt a more favorable response than rational messages when framed in a socially close. Results: According to the result of Study 1, for the domestic recipients, donation messages situated in the near, compared to the distant, future induced more favorable reactions from potential donors. Moreover, in Study 2, emotional (vs. rational) message appeals generated more positive donation intentions when they were framed in the socially close situation. Conclusions: This research contributes that differing consumer construal have important implications for how marketing communication might best gain charitable support. This suggests that marketers who design a donation message should consider message's appeal and type to activate the potential donors' willingness to participate in the campaign.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.197-230
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• 2007

The objectives of this study were to identify the cause of consumers for purchasing foods from various distribution channels, and to compare with characteristics of consumers by each distribution channel. The distribution channels as the basis of comparison were four types namely, the consumer cooperatives / environment－friendly specialized stores, large retail discount stores, direct marketing and parents / relatives. The researcher developed a questionnaires, and a total of 190 questionnaires were collected and 186 of them were analyzed. The data were analyzed utilizing the SPSS－WIN 12.0K program and major statistical technique were mean, percentage, t－test, Chi－square test, ANOVA. There were differences in the quality perception, demographical characteristics, relationship with rural communities and personal experiences of the consumers according to the distribution channels.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5-17
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• 2014

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the possible ways to minimize damage by analyzing the influence that may be exerted upon the business process of the distribution industry by unexpected climate change. Research design, data, and methodology - The optimum business process is to be implemented after dividing the diversified business process of the distribution industry into the four stages of the Business Continuity Plan (BCP). Results - First, the upper-level risks that would be impacted most sensitively by climate change have been selected. Second, the impact and characteristics of the environment have been discovered. Third, weighted values by criteria item of upper-level business risks have been analyzed. Fourth, it was possible to define the business priority order based on the individual and then to adjust the Recovery Time Objective (RTO). Conclusion - In this study, the priority order has been defined quantitatively by calculating the priority order score. Further, the priority order has been determined depending on whether any targeted business unit is applicable to the items of the business nature criteria.