• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2001

본 연구는 지리산국립공원 아고산대 훼손지에서 식생복원 효과를 구명하기 위하여 야생풀포기심기, 개량토포설, 환경피해도 요인을 고려하여 입지환경이 다른 2개 대상지에 실험구를 설치한 후 4년(1997년~2000년) 동안 식생피복도와 종다양성을 조사. 분석하였다. 신림지대와 초원지대에서의 복원실험은 야생풀포기이식, 개량토포설, 환경피해도 요인간 상호작용효과는 없었으나, 야생풀포기이식 처리수준간에는 고도의 유의한 차이가 인정되었다. 국립공원 능선부 훼손지의 식생복원 실험 결과 토양이 습한 산림지대에서는 야생풀포기이식 15%피복 처리수준에서 2년안에 식생피복이 이루어졌고, 종다양성은 3년만에 복원되었다. 또한 무처리구에서 3년안에 식생피복이 이루어졌으나, 종다양성은 복원되지 않았다. 바람이 많고, 토양침식이 심한 능선부 초원지대에서는 3년후에 야행풀포기이식과 30% 피복 처리수준에서 식생피복이 양호하게 이루어졌으며, 종다양성은 복원되지 않았다.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.173-180
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• 2001

The present time this country is faced with general hospital building remodeling time from the constructing age. In architecture, one of the reconstruction of consciousness, remodeling significance Is restoration of capacity a generally structure. Through this research we acquire concluding remarks. 1) In hospital extension and reconstruction works set a different counterplot proportionately with part that are the ward areas, the outpatient areas, the diagnosis/treatment areas, the supply areas, the administration areas, the education/research areas, the miscellaneous areas etc. According to department's character and use various purposes take proper measures. Then it estimation that remodeling study shall be need. 2) It is advisable the way of connection the existing facilities if it extended case. The case of K hospital has been extended outskirts the main building. As this an enlargement of a outhouse has an advantage that secure construction area at a stretch and no exert Influence on both nature lighting and construction matter. On the contrary caused [defect that is repeatedly occur a faculty relocation and the inner part alteration because of it\`s post transfer.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.13-18
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• 2008

The 2005 west off Fukuoka earthquake with Mjma 7.0 occurred in the vicinity of Fukuoka city with 1.4 million populations, which had been regarded as rather seismically inactive in Japan. The strong motion records by K-net indicated PGV of 64 cm/s in Fukuoka city and some condominium buildings sustained extensive non-structural damages. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey for residents of 8 condominium buildings located in the downtown area of Fukuoka city after the earthquake. The results indicate that damaged nonstructural walls and distorted doors disrupted evacuation route for many occupants, and furniture and content damage on upper floors became severer resulting in higher rates of human casualty. Earthquake preparedness for indoor safety was raised after the earthquake, though further safety measures can be advised. In the phase of post-earthquake emergency and restoration period, residents' management organizations play important roles, so that neighborhood activities to promote communication networks are important in urban environment with aging population.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.25-39
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• 1987

The purpose of this research is to develop the Automatic Fingerprint Verfication System by digital computer based on specially in PC level. Fingerprint is used as means of personal identity verification in view of that it has the high reliability and safety. Fingerprint pattern recognition algorithm is constitute of 3 stages, namely of the preprocessing, the feature extraction and the recognition. The preprocessing stage includes smoothing, binarization, thinning and restoration. The feature extraction stage includes the extraction of minutiae and its features. The recognition stage includes the registration and the matching score calculation which measures the similarity between two images. Tests for this study with 325 pairs of fingerprint resulted in 100% of separation which which in turn is turned out to be the reliability of this algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.41-57
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• 2021

This study evaluated the application of water quality management measures using the SWAT model and the effectiveness of the measures using the load duration curve targeting the Seohwacheon watershed located upstream of Daecheongho. As water quality management measures, artificial wetlands, reduction of neglected livestock, reduction of runoff from greenhouses, restoration of ecological rivers, application of LID technology, and management of point sources were applied. The applied technology evaluated the efficiency of water quality improvement measures by using the target water quality excess rate and the degree of load reduction for each sulfur through the load duration curve. The load duration curve was created by creating a long-term flow duration curve using SWAT and multiplying it by the target water quality. For the target water quality, the value corresponding to the 60th percentile was set as the target water quality using the 10-year data from the Okcheoncheon water quality observation point located in the downstream of Seohwacheon. Through this study, it was possible to confirm the applicability of various water quality measures through the SWAT model, and to examine the applicability of each period according to the sulfur through the load retention curve.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.51-64
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• 2014

Most planting grounds have converted to the artificial ground of the upper part of underground parking lot in apartment complex recently by increasing utilization of underground parking area. This study has examined the composition of each ground and planting status. The study presents problems of planting plans in artificial ground landscaping in apartment complex. This study has conducted reference and field research. It has researched green space planning, planting characteristics and measures condition of soil depth in 3 regions surveyed. The results are listed below. First, hybrid ground has the highest percentage and natural soils has the lowest percentage in the composition of green space in apartment complex. Artificial green space is composed of a number of small-scale grounds. Second, The study has found that planting characteristics don't reflect soil properties. On the other hand, planting deep rooting big arbors has a high proportion in artificial Ground. Third, the study has figured out 98% of fit in minimum soil depth for growth. Fourth, planters and landscaping stones are constructed in case of small green space. On the other hand, mounding is constructed in case of large green space. However in case of mounding types it has low fit, so it needs to improve this problem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.49-60
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• 2008

In this study, the green zone patterns of sidewalks are classified 'one street-tree row + building,' 'one street-tree row + green zone,' 'two street-tree rows + building,' and 'two street-tree rows + green zone' and assessed their visual characteristic in order to provide desirable measures for scenery design. As a result of the analysis of visual images of sidewalk, the scenery in which street trees are planted in one row was generally assessed to be negative, while roads where green zones rather than buildings are adjacent were revealed to seem stable and pleasant. The scenery in which street trees are planted in two rows was assessed highly in an image of 'extensionality' indicating street circumstances, and especially the pattern 'two street-tree rows + green zone' was shown to be the most beautiful scenery. According to the results of factor analysis of sidewalks, three factors were identified : 'extensionality' showing sidewalk circumstances; 'peculiarity' including unique personality, and 'pliability' showing the organic flow of the scenery. The results of the analysis of visual preference of the scenery according to green zone patterns showed that the 'two street-tree rows + green zone' was measured to be highest. When buildings are adjacent to a sidewalk, two street-tree rows rather than one street-tree row were assessed to increase preference. As for the correlation between visual factors and preference analyzed through multiple regression analysis, all 'extensionality,' 'peculiarity,' and 'pliability' were revealed to show positive correlation for visual preference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.110-120
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• 2009

The hipped roof on the research building, which was constructed 51.9m above sea level on a hillock by Korea National University of Education in June 1999, is composed of four inclined planes which are 12m in breadth, 8m in length and have a 30 degree gradient. For the roof vegetation, the yellow earth collected from around the building was laid on top. It was designed to supply the soil on the slope with water for a considerable period by making rainfall pool at the edges. In order to prevent the soil on the slope from being swept away, 31 sorts of grass seeds were imported from Germany and sown in the soil. At the present day, 10 years after the seeds began to sprout and inhabit the settled slope, 30 individual plant species were identified in the period between April 2008 and March 2009. Out of 31 species were seeded on the slanted, soiled roof, only 8 were still alive. It was confirmed that the Artemisia Princeps var, Chrysantheum, Prunella Vulgaris and Lespedeza Cuneata have been the major species inhabiting the east, west, south and north inclined planes respectively. The Phragmites Communis was inhabiting the edge of the roof where the water supply was adequate, while the Dianthus Barbatus was primarily inhabiting the south-east side of the roof. As a whole, 26 identifiable plants and 4 unidentified plants were observed on the inclined planes of the hipped roof. In consideration of the plant distribution on the slope, it was confirmed that the selection of seeds may have had an effect on the slope vegetation. As for the yellow earth laid on the roof, it was discovered that about 2~3cm thickness around the ridge was swept away, but the rest of the slope was in relatively good condition. Accordingly, it has been proven that vegetations can be applied to hipped roofs by using ordinary plants without any special structural measures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.19-31
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• 2017

Plants are the basis for sustainable green growth, and the value of existence and importance of trees including landscape Plants can't be emphasized enough. Therefore, they are precious living things thriving in all sorts of public services, and continuous civil complaints for justifiable compensation of landscape Plants are filed. First, the standard formula of planting intervals according to production target specifications is calculated using root-collar caliper and diameter at breast height, and apply (1) standard medium sized trees which have not yet reached commercialization [deciduous tree production goal (R(B) less than 6cm]= (target standard)= [target standard $R(cm){\times}15{\times}0.7$]. (2) In case of commercialization(R6~R10)= [target standard $R(cm){\times}15{\pm}5%$], (3) In case of more than R12= [target standard $R(cm){\times}15{\times}130%$] shall be applied. In case of using diameter at breast height (4) In case of commercialization(B6~B10)= [target standard $B(cm){\times}20{\times}15{\pm}5%$], (5) In case of more than B12= [target standard $B(cm){\times}20{\times}130%$] shall be applied. Second, appraisal methods based on tree classification of compensation for loss are classified according to planted locations. (1) landscape trees within a house=[price of arrival at the site+planting cost], (2) landscape trees in places such as arboretum=[management technology of tress + relocation expenses considering scarcity of the trees (3) landscape trees in a place of loads= [landscape tree production cost + work out added price. In case of producted landscape threes (4) landscape trees ready to be commercialized as sales loss.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.121-132
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• 2011

Removal rates of $NO_3$-N and TN in the free-water surface wetland system during winter; December, January, February and March, spring and fall; April, May, October and November, and summer; Jun, July, August and September were investigated. The system was established on floodplain in the downstream reach of the Gwangju Stream in 2008. It measures 50 meters in length and 5.5 meters in width. Iris pseudacorus L. grown in pots for about two years were planted in the system. The water stream was funneled in by gravity and its effluent was discharged back in. Volumes and water quality of inflow and outflow were analyzed from December 2008 to November 2010. The inflow was averaged approximately 350 $m^3/day$ and hydraulic residence time was about 3 hours. Average influent and effluent $NO_3$-N concentration was 3.75 and 3.35 mg/L, respectively and $NO_3$-N retention was amounted to 10.6%. Influent and effluent TN concentration were averaged 4.93 and 4.30 mg/L, respectively and TN abatement reached to 12.9%. One-way ANOVA statistics claimed that the average removal rates of $NO_3$-N and TN during winter, spring and fall, and summer were not always the same (p<0.001). The t-Tests of three pairs among $NO_3$-N removal rates of winter, spring and fall, and summer illustrated that the removal rates of winter ($5.04{\pm}1.94$), spring and fall ($10.53{\pm}2.24$), and summer ($18.61{\pm}2.26$) were significantly different each others (p<0.001). Among TN removal rates, the three pairs of t-Tests of three seasons showed that the removal rates of winter ($5.21{\pm}2.51$), spring and fall ($11.71{\pm}3.12$), and summer ($21.53{\pm}4.86$) were significantly different from each others (p<0.001).