• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.89-94
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• 2012

The international community is paying close attention to the climatic changes caused by the meteorological anomalies. In response to such phenomena, after the adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992, efforts to actively respond to the meteorological changes are proliferating all over the world; even in the Republic of Korea, the issue to tackle the meteorological changes has emerged as a top-priority national agenda. In the year of 2008, after the declaration of the low-carbon, green-growth paradigm by the government, the UNFCCC COP15 has announced a 30% reduction target of the emission of the greenhouse gases by 2020 as compared to the "Business As Usual, BAU" and has also confirmed, as a commitment plan to achieve reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases, the reduction target of greenhouse gases for all sectors, industries and years. (26.9% for buildings) Since the construction of the new apartment houses in the year of 2001, the "Building Energy Efficiency Rating", has been applied to newly constructed building complexes, built in 2010; the accumulated emission reduction has been evaluated at around 450,000toe and the accumulated carbon dioxide emission reduction is at $826,000tCO_2$ And through the prediction of these values under various scenarios (New construction, new construction / expansion of existing uses, when transferred to 1stgrade), the effects on the degree of reduction of greenhouse gases by the increased certification of the Building Energy Efficiency Rating are an alyzed and it is our aim to express the importance of the certification system capable of carrying out a quantitative evaluation of the building energy in order to establish the strategy to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.21-38
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• 2014

In response to global warming, the effect of the air temperature on water temperature has been noticed. The change in water temperature in river environment results in the change in water quality and ecosystem, especially Dissolved Oxygen (DO) level, and shifts in aquatic biota. Efforts need to be made to predict future water temperature in order to understand the timing of the projected river temperature. To do this, the data collected by the Ministry of Environment and the Korea Meteororlogical Administration has been used to build a nonlinear relationship between air and water temperature. The logistic function that includes four different parameters was selected as a working model and the parameters were optimized using SCE algorithm. Weekly average values were used to remove time scaling effect because the time scale affects maximum and minimum temperature and then river environment. Generally speaking nonlinear logistic model shows better performance in NSC and RMSE and nonlinear logistic function is recommendable to build a relationship between air and water temperature in Korea. The results will contribute to determine the future policy regarding water quality and ecosystem for the decision-driving organization.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 1999

Models of beach response due to sea level rise were verified by experiments and potential shoreline retreat around Korea and Japan was predicted. Wave tank experiments demonstrated that not only static retreat by water level rise but also additional retreat by wave action plays an important role in total retreat and additional retreat becomes important on the condition of high waves. The result of long-term analysis of tidal data over past 3 decades shows the tendency toward rise by an average of 1.79 mm/year, which is the result of rise in 29 regions and fall in 12 regions. Based on analyzed rate of long-term sea-level rise, potential shoreline retreats of study area after 50 years were calculated and the result shows serious loss of beach.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.98-103
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• 2015

Power plant is that very high reliability when industrial and economic impact on the overall electric power system is required, it is essential to improve the reliability, especially the fault prediction diagnosis. Since an accident caused by the partial discharge in the power plant is above state has a faster response characteristic than the other indications in the case of any, the partial discharge generated in the power plant immediately detect the deterioration of insulation due to the accident of the power plant and the non-drawn It should prevent or reduce. Partial Discharge Measuring Systems for UHV SF6 Gas Insulated Switchgear and power transformer on site installed has some probability of abnormal recognition in case of non-flexible deal with on site noise. Many methode to eliminate these kinds of noises, UHF Detection System is chosen as purchase description in Korea, but this system having a bandwidth between 500MHz 1.5GHz wide band. Initial install periods(about 20 years ago), this band had no strong signal source, but in these days this wide band have strong signals, such as LTE. So, module described in this paper is designed as simultaneously use with wide and narrow band for solve this noise problem, and introduce this system.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.112-118
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• 2013

The selection of appropriate ground motions and reasonable modification are becoming increasingly critical in reliable prediction on seismic performance of structures. A widely used amplitude scaling approach is not sufficient for robust structural evaluation considering a site specific seismic hazard because only one spectral value is matched to the design spectrum typically at the structural fundamental period. Hence alternative approaches for ground motion selection and modifications have been suggested. However, there is no means to evaluate such methodologies yet. In this study, it is focused to describe the main questions resided in the amplitude scaling approach and to propose a regression model for structural damage as point of comparison. Spectrum compatible approach whose resulting spectrum matches the design spectrum at the entire range of the structural period is considered as alternative to be compared to the amplitude scaling approach. The design spectrum is generated according to ASCE7-05.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.113-124
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• 2009

This paper suggests a new approach for providing information for driver safety at signalized intersections. Particularly dangerous situations at signalized intersections such as red-light violations, accelerating through yellow intervals, red-light running, and stopping abruptly due to the dilemma zone problem are considered in this study. This paper presents the development of a dangerous vehicle determination algorithm by collecting real-time vehicle speeds and times from multiple point detectors when the vehicles are traveling during phase-change. For an evaluation of this algorithm, VISSIM is used to perform a real-time multiple detection situation by changing the input data such as various inflow-volume, design speed change, driver perception, and response time. As a result the correct-classification rate is approximately 98.5% and the prediction rate of the algorithm is approximately 88.5%. This paper shows the sensitivity results by changing the input data. This result showed that the new approach can be used to improve safety for signalized intersections.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.3-13
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• 1994

To minimize the time ordinarily spent in mono filter cigarette design, we studied the relationship between major seven independant variables ; filament(X1) and total denier(X2), porosity of the aller plug wrap(X3), filter length(X4), Porosity of the tip paper(X5) and cigarette paper(X6) and net weight of the reference cut tobacco(X7). Ninty trial numbers were obtained as a results of using rotatable central composite design and it is analyzed by the multiple regression analysis with stepwise in SAS/pc under restricted conditions. That is, UPD (Y1) = 82.96 - 3.80X1 + 2.50X2 - 3.29X3 - 3.15X5 - 0.83X22 + 1.88X5X6 - 1.38 X5X7(R2: 0.63), EPD(Y2) : 120.91 - 5.70X1 + 3.60X2 + 4.23X4 - 0.93X6 + 4.06X7 (R2=0.84), TVR(Y3) = 49.70 - 0.78X1 + 3.60X3 + 2.00X4 + 4.20X5 - 0.93X6 + 2.64X7 - 1.07X1X2 + 1.0IX1 X3 + 1.05X2X6 + 0.45X22 - 0.64X42 + 1.29X4X6 - 0.97X4X7 - 1.28X5X6 + 1.53X5X7 + 1.39X6X7(R2=0.65), and EVR(Y4) : 3.24-0.21X3-0.20X4 -0.24X5+0.67X6+0.26X4X7 (R2=0.55), where EPD : encapsulated pressure drop, VPD : unencapsulated pressure drop, TVR ; tip ventilation rate, and En : envelope ventilation rate. All variables in the model are significant at the 0.05 level.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.289-296
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• 2014

Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted to accurately evaluate the in-plane mechanical properties of fiber metal laminates (FMLs). The FMLs in the current study are comprised of a layer of self-reinforced polypropylene (SRPP) sandwiched between two layers of aluminum alloy 5052-H34. The nonlinear tensile behavior of the FMLs under in-plane loading conditions was investigated using both numerical simulations and a theoretical analysis. The numerical simulation was based on finite element modeling using the ABAQUS/Explicit code and the theoretical constitutive model was based on the volume fraction approach using the rule of mixture and a modification of the classical lamination theory, which incorporates the elastic-plastic behavior of the aluminum alloy and the SRPP. The simulations and the model are used to predict the inplane mechanical properties such as stress-strain response and deformation behavior of the FMLs. In addition, a post-stretching process is used to reduce the thermal residual stresses before uniaxial tensile testing of the FMLs. Through comparison of both the numerical simulations and the theoretical analysis with the experimental results, it is concluded that the numerical simulation model and the theoretical approach can describe with sufficient accuracy the actual tensile stress-strain behavior of the FMLs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.296-307
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• 2017

In spite of frequent usage of primary human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs) in the study of skin biology, senescence-induced block-age of in vitro proliferation has been a big hurdle for their effective utilization. In order to overcome this passage limitation, we first isolated ten HFK lines from circumcision patients and successfully immortalized four of them via a retroviral transduction of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 oncogenes. We confirmed expression of a keratinocyte marker protein, keratin 14 and two viral oncoproteins in these immortalized HFKs. We also observed their robust responsiveness to various exogenous stimuli, which was evidenced by increased mRNA expression of epithelial differentiation markers and pro-inflammatory genes in response to three reactive chemicals. In addition, their applicability to cytotoxicity assessment turned out to be comparable to that of HaCaT cells. Finally, we confirmed their differentiation capacity by construction of well-stratified three dimensional skin cultures. These newly established immortalized HFKs will be valuable tools not only for generation of in vitro skin disease models but also for prediction of potential toxicities of various cosmetic chemicals.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 1987

Accurate determination of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is essential for ocean and climate studies. This paper estimated SST in the sea region around the Korea from the Advenced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR) channel 4 data on board NOAA-9 satellite. The processing procedure used to derive SSTs utilized: 1) Ascending node prediction of satellite orbit 2) Geometric correction 3) Radiometric calibration and radiance to temperature conversion look up table 4) Removing cloudy area. SST product results are displayed as colored video and hardcopy. In this processing, geometric correction is derived from equator crossing time, ascending time and subpoint coordinate information. Also, normalized response function of infrared 10.5-11.5$\mu\textrm{m}$ wavelength is used for temperature conversion. The SST derived from this processing is relatively similar to the measurements made by ship data, but because of water vapor attenuation SST from satellite are in general 2$^{\circ}$- $^{\circ}C$ lower than the ship data.