• 멤브레인
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2005

생체 폐를 대신해서 임시적으로 제공하는 폐 보조 장치(LAD)의 사용은 기계 환기술의 단순화와 체외순환 막형 인공폐의 기능을 결합하여 급성호흡부전 환자에 적합하다. 본 연구에서의 주 관심은 폐 보조 장치에서의 막 진동 효율에 있었으며 정량적인 실험 측정은 혈액 용혈에 대한 막 진동 의존을 확인하기 위하여 실행하였다. 또, 혈액 용혈은 막 진동이 이루어질 때 한계 용혈의 가진 주파수 대에서 결정하였다. 최대 기체 전달율을 보이는 675의 중공사 막으로 이루어져 있는 유형 5의 가진 주파수에서 최대 진폭의 발생 및 중공사에 진동의 전달에 의해 최대 산소 전달율이 일어났다. 이 주파수가 혈류량에 가동 가능했던 제 2 형태의 공진 주파수가 되어 높은 각 혈류량 비에서 $25{\pm}5$ 헤르쯔까지 가진이 되었으며, 혈액 용혈은 $25{\pm}5$ 헤르쯔의 가진 주파수에서 상대적으로 낮았다. 따라서 우리는 이 폐 보조 장치의 한계 용혈 주파수가 $25{\pm}5$ 헤르쯔인 것으로 결정했다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권2호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2010

Background: Recently, many institutions have acquired multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) systems. This made it easier and more convenient to use MDCT as a initial diagnostic modality for hemoptysis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of MDCT before bronchoscopy and/or bronchial arterial embolization (BAE) for hemoptysis. Methods: We studied a total of 125 patients with hemoptysis who underwent, between 2006 and 2008, MDCT in a routine protocol before bronchoscopy and/or BAE. One hundred two patients underwent bronchoscopy and 29 patients underwent BAE. We compared the usefulness of MDCT and bronchoscopy for detecting the bleeding site and identifying the cause. We also evaluated our ability, using MDCT, to detect instances where the bronchial artery caused hemoptysis. Results: The rate of detection of a bleeding site was 75.5% on MDCT and 50.9% on bronchoscopy. MDCT and bronchoscopy detected the bleeding site in agreement in 62.7% of patients. MDCT alone found the bleeding site in 27.5% of cases. MDCT identified the cause of hemoptysis in 77.5% and bronchoscopy in 11.8%. In 29 patients who underwent BAE, we detected a total of 37 hypertrophied bronchial arteries that were causing hemoptysis. Of 37 bronchial arteries, 23 (62.2%) were depicted on MDCT. Conclusion: MDCT is superior to bronchoscopy for detecting the bleeding site and identifying the cause of hemoptysis. MDCT can also predict the side of affected bronchial artery with depiction of hypertrophied bronchial artery and localizing the bleeding site. Doing MDCT before bronchoscopy and BAE can provide a guideline for the next step.

• 환경생물
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2014

인간의 생태계와 서식환경을 공유하고 있는 정주성 거미류의 경우 제한된 서식지 이동 특성으로 인해, 특정 유해환경을 효과적으로 감시할 수 있는 환경 지표생물로서의 활용가치가 매우 높은 생명체로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구는 석면 섬유에 노출시킨 거미의 서폐 미세구조를 관찰하고, 그 결과를 토대로 유해환경을 모니터링할 수 있는 생물지표로서의 활용 가능성에 대해 논의하였다. 고해상도의 주사전자현미경으로 서폐의 미세구조를 관찰한 결과, 기공 주위에 분지된 수지상의 큐티클지주(spike)는 기낭으로 유입되는 공기를 정화하는 필터구조로 작동하였고, 기낭 내부에 수직돌출된 큐티클 지주는 기낭 공간을 안정적으로 확보하고 호흡 표면적을 극대화하는 구조체임이 확인되었다. 짧은 노출 기간에도 불구하고, 기공 개구부의 전 영역에서 청석면의 미세섬유가 검출되어 석면과 같은 환경 오염원에 대한 효과적인 생물지표로서의 가능성을 거미의 서폐에서 확인하였다. 또한, 기낭으로 유입되어 혈림프 공간을 관통한 미세섬유는 고착구조를 형성하고 조직손상을 유발함이 관찰되었는데, 섬유 주위에 밀집된 혈구는 흔히 관찰되었으나, 섬유 표면에 부착된 혈구나 석면소체 등은 관찰되지 않았다. 이는 상대적으로 짧은 석면노출기간에서 기인하는 것으로 해석되었다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.935-942
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• 2021

호흡에 의한 체내 장기의 불수의적 움직임은 방사선 치료 및 진단의 결과에 큰 영향을 주는 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 호흡에 따른 장기 또는 종양의 움직임을 모사하기 위한 움직임 팬텀을 제작하고 다양한 호흡모사 조건에서 ¹⁸F-FDG PET 스캔 영상을 획득하여 호흡에 따른 종양의 움직임 범위와 종양의 크기에 따른 인공물의 수준 및 표준섭취계수 최대값(maximum standardized uptake value, SUVmax)를 분석하였다. 운영체계로 윈도우 CE(Windows CE) 6.0 기반으로 전동액추에이터, 전동액추에이터 포지셔닝 드라이버, PLC(Programmable Logic Controller)을 이용한 위치 및 속도 조절 모듈은 이동거리 0-5 cm와 왕복이동 10회, 15회, 20회에서 정상적으로 동작하였다. 지연시간 100분에서 구의 지름 10, 13, 17, 22, 28, 37mm일 때 각각 80.4, 99.5, 107.9, 113.1, 128.0, 124.8%로 측정되었다. 이동거리가 같을 때 호흡수에 따른 차이는 미미하였다. 호흡수를 20회 하고 이동거리를 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm일 때 구의 지름이 10, 13, 17, 22, 28, 37 mm에서 이동거리가 길어질수록 구의 크기가 작은 것 부터영상의 구분 능력이 저하되었다. 정지영상에 비하여 이동거리를 5 cm로 하였을 때, 표준섭취계수의 최대값은 구의 지름이 10, 13, 17, 22, 28, 37 mm에서 각각 18.0%, 23.7%, 29.3%, 38.4%, 49.0%, 67.4%이었다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 경직형과 불수의운동형 뇌성마비 아동의 음향학적 특성에서 차이가 있는지 알아보는 것이다. 연구대상은 만 4~12세의 뇌성마비 아동 34명이 참여하였다(경직형 26명, 불수의운동형 8명). 연구과제는 모음 '아' 연장발성하기이고, Praat을 사용하여 MPT, F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NHR과 F1, F2를 측정하였다. 두 유형 간 음향학적 차이를 알아보기 위해 두 독립표본 t-검정과 등분산가정이 충족되지 않는 경우 Welch-Aspin 검정을 사용하여 통계분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 경직형 뇌성마비아동에 비해 불수의운동형에서 유의하게 낮은 MPT를 나타내었다. 둘째, Shimmer에서 불수의운동형의 측정치가 유의하게 높았다. 셋째, F1과 F2에서는 두 유형 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 경직형에 비해 불수의운동형의 호흡능력과 호흡조절능력이 더 제한적이고, 음성의 불안정성과 불규칙성도 더 많이 나타난다는 것을 시사한다. 본 연구의 결과는 뇌성마비 유형 간 말운동통제능력의 차이를 확인하고, 유형에 따른 중재계획을 수립하는데 필요한 정보를 제공해 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2023

Purpose : Lung cancer induces a decrease in physical activity and a deterioration of respiratory ability. Exercise is an effective treatment to reduce side effects of anti-cancer treatments, also influence the survival and successful rehabilitation in lung cancer patients. However, there is insufficient evidence to show which period is the most effective to apply exercise for lung cancer patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of exercise-based interventions before and after surgery. Methods : Clinical trials (CTs) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported in PubMed database were investigated. The trials investigated in this study were published for 10 years before August 20, 2022. The risk of bias was judged according to the Cochrane guideline. The materials included in this meta-analysis were 6-minute walk test (6MWT), pulmonary function, and quality of life (QOL). Results : 1 CT and 9 RCTs were selected in current study. In the meta-analysis, exercise increased 6MWT in preoperation (mean difference [MD] 29.49; 95 % confidence interval [CI] .99 to 57.99; p=.04; I²=0 %), 3 months postoperation (MD 54.97; 95 % CI 31.85 to 78.09; p<.001; I²=45 %) and 6 months postoperation (MD 85.59; 95 % CI 45.06 to 126.12; p<.001; I²=47 %). Exercise, also enhanced the lung function such as FEV₁/FVC (%) in postoperation (MD 7.64; 95 % CI 6.26 to 9.02; p<.001; I²=19 %). Additionally, exercise improved QOL, such as preoperative EORTC-QLQ-C30-LC13 in mental function (MD 3.21; 95 % CI .64 to 5.79; p=.01; I²=0 %) and postoperative SF-36 in mental component summary (MD 9.24; 95 % CI 4.94 to 13.54; p<.001; I²=0%). Conclusion : These results indicate that exercise-based intervention can elevate the ability to exercise and the mental componentof QOL within 3 months.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.141-145
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• 2018

Purpose: Changes in the curvature of the vertebral columns of elderly women with increasing age causes various side effects and disorders. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the 8-figure scapular brace to improve pulmonary function and balance ability based on lung capacity and foot pressure by increasing the vertebral curvature. Methods: Seventeen elderly women with a forward head posture were selected. Women were asked to wear the 8-figure scapular brace and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured, as were changes in foot pressure. Measurements were conducted three times each and the mean values were used for subsequent analyses. For static evaluation, we used the paired t-test to identify differences between pre and post values. Results: There was no significant difference in FEV1 and FVC before and after use of the brace (p>0.05); however, there was a significant decrease in forefoot pressure and an increase in rearfoot pressure following application of the brace (p<0.05). Conclusion: Application of the 8-figure scapular brace to correct vertebral curvature in elderly women influenced pressure distribution change from immediate effect body arrange of cervical and thoracic. However, wearing the 8-figure scapular brace may interfere with expansion of the chest and therefore respiratory muscle activity. Accordingly, it is necessary to apply appropriate treatment when wearing a scapular brace and to allow a sufficient intervention period while also providing therapeutic interventions such as posture correction or respiration training.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2012

The worldwide distribution and continuing genetic mutation of avian influenza virus (AIV) has been posed a great threat to human and animal health. A comparison of 3 isolates of AIV H9N2, A/chicken/Korea/KBNP-0028/00 (H9N2) (KBNP-0028), A/chicken/Korea/SNU8011/08 (H9N2) (SNU 8011) and an inactivated oil vaccine strain A/chicken/Korea/01310/01 (H9N2) (01310), was performed. The former 2 AIVs were isolated from field cases before and after the application of an inactivated H9N2 vaccine in 2007, respectively. The antigenic relationship, viral shedding, tissue tropism and genetic analysis were examined. The comparison of virus shedding from the cloaca and the oropharynx revealed that both isolates were more frequently isolated from the upper respiratory tract (90~100%) 1 day post inoculation (DPI) compared with isolation 5 DPI from gastrointestinal tracts (10~60%). Moreover, the isolate KBNP-0028 were recovered from all organs including bone marrow, brain and kidneys, indicating higher ability for broad tissue dissemination than that of SNU 8011. KBNP-0028 replicated earlier than other strains and with a higher titer than SNU 8011. In full-length nucleotide sequences of the NA gene and a partial sequence of the HA gene of SNU 8011, we found that there might be significant changes in tissue tropism, virus replication and genetic mutation in AIV H9N2 isolates.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.597-604
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• 2010

Purpose : This study investigated the effects of air stacking exercise on respiratory ability of patients with cervical cord injury. Methods : The subjects of this study were 30 patients with cervical cord injury were randomly placed in an experimental group(n=15) and a control group(n=15), respectively. Basic therapeutic exercise(ROM exercise, stretching exercise, strengthening exercise) were conducted twice a day for 30 minutes each time in all subjects and air stacking exercise was additionally conducted on the experimently group only. Air stacking exercise was conducted for 4 weeks, twice a day, 5 times a week and repeated 10 to 15 times each time. Lung capacity, MIC and, peak cough flow were measured and evaluated. Results : The results showed that FEV1, FVC, MIC, UPCF and APCF were significantly increased(p<.05), but FEV1/FVC didn't show the significant differences in an experimental group. In a control group, the findings showed that FEV1, FVC were increased significantly(p<.05) while FEV1/FVC, MIC, UPCF, and APCF didn't show the significant differences.There were significant differences in FEV1, FVC, MIC, and APCF between a experimental group and a control group in the results of Pulmonary Function Test after conducting the pulmonary rehabilitation. However, no significant differences were found in FEV1/FVC, and UPCF between a experimental and a control group(p>.05). Conclusion : air stacking exercise has positive effects on the improvements of cough functions and that of pulmonary functions such as lung volume, lung elasticity in patients with cervical cord injury.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2006년도 제23차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.7-16
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• 2006

Poultry products including meat and eggs constitute a major protein source in the American diet and disease - causing pathogens represent major challenges to the poultry industry. More than 95 % of pathogens enter the host through the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, digestive and reproductive tracts and over the past few decades, the two main mechanisms used to control diseases have been the use of vaccines and antibiotics. However, in the poultry industry, there are mounting concerns over the ability of current vaccines to adequately protect against emerging hyper - virulent strains of pathogens and a lack of suitable, cost effective adjuvants. Thorough investigation of the immunogenetic responses involved in host-pathogen interactions will lead to the development of new and effective strategies for improving poultry health, food safety and the economic viability of the US poultry industry. In this paper, I describe the development of immunogenomic and proteomic tools to fundamentally determine and characterize the immunological mechanisms of the avian host to economically significant mucosal pathogens such as Eimeria. Recent completion of poultry genome sequencing and the development of several tissue-specific cDNA libraries in chickens are facilitating the rapid application of functional immunogenomics in the poultry disease research. Furthermore, research involving functional genomics, immunology and bioinformatics is providing novel insights into the processes of disease and immunity to microbial pathogens at mucosal surfaces. In this presentation, a new strategy of global gene expression using avian macrophage (AMM) to characterize the multiple pathways related to the variable immune responses of the host to Eimeria is described. This functional immunogenomics approach will increase current understanding of how mucosal immunity to infectious agents operates, and how it may be enhanced to enable the rational development of new and effective strategies against coccidiosis and other mucosal pathogens.