• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.41-59
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• 2012

This study examines the roles of user resistance and social influences on the acceptance and continuous usage of smartphones at different stages of adoption. The respondents were classified into three groups according to their innovation adoption stage : non-user group, the potential user group and the trial user group. Theories relevant to user resistance, social influences including normative social influences and informational social influences, as well as user adoption and continuance behavior were reviewed and integrated into our research model. In order to verify the proposed structured equation model, we conducted an online survey by targeting mobile phone users and collected data to be analyzed through a partial least squares (PLS) test. This study tested whether there exists differences in the effects of user resistance and different types of social influence on user's adoption or continuance intetion among these three groups. The results showed that user resistance exists in all adopter groups and that it has significant negative influences on intention to use a smartphone. The findings also revealed that user resistance can be enhanced or resolved by two types of social influence; informational social influence resolves user resistance regardless of the adopter category, while normative social influence enhances the user resistance of potential users. Furthermore, the findings show that social influence regardless of the type positively affects user intention. Several theoretic and practical implications pertaining to the results are discussed.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2001

This paper is to study the characteristics of axial force behavior that operates to the part of turnout when it makes the turnout and the continuous welded rail unifying. The study is to model by using the 50kgN rail No. 15 turnout used in the domestic national railway and the UIC60 rail No. 18 turnout used in the rapid transit railway as the finite elements for analyzing the axial force behavior of the turnout by the continuous welded rail. It is to analyze the characteristics of behavior according to the change of creep resistance, ballast resistance and the change of parameter valuables of heel joint by the axial force simulation in making the continuous welded rail and then, it is to present the result. As the result of research on the parameter valuables through the analysis, it shows that the maximum axial force of turnout by the continuous welded rail are largely subordinated to the maximum resistance of heel joint and the fitting devices than the ballast resistance. Also it shows that the maximum axial force produced changes a lot according to the characteristics of creep resistance of the fitting part and the ballast resistance.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from chicken feces. One hundred and forty-seven E. coli isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (95.2%), erythromycin (89.2%), ampicillin (70.1%), streptomycin (59.2%), cephalothin (56.5%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (53.7%), ciprofloxacin (57.1%), enrofloxacin (59.2%) and norfloxacin (57.1%). The multiple resistance was seen in 144 isolates (97.9%) and the rate of five, six and seven drugs resistance pattern were 20.4%, 18.4% and 16.3%, respectively. Also, the multiple resistance of E. coli to twelve drugs were seen in 1 isolates (0.7%). Fourteen Salmonella spp. showed resistance to ampicillin (50.0%), streptomycin (57.1%), erythromycin (64.3%) and tetracycline (57.1%) and the rate of two and three drugs resistance pattern were 4 isolates (28.6%), respectively. The prevalence of resistant organisms in Korea probably reflects lack of proper antibiotic policy resulting in prolonged and indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.9-14
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• 1979

Havelock was considered the wave resistance of a post extending vertically downwards through the water from the surface, its section by a horizontal plane being the same at all depths and having its breath small compared with its length. This enables us to elucidate certain points of interest in ship resistance. However, the ship has not infinte draft. So, the problem which is investigated in detail in this paper is the wave resistance of a mathematical quadratic model in a uniform stream. The author wishes to study the effect of viriation of draft. The form of the water-plane is varied while keeping in length and the cross sectional area constant. As a numerical example, we calculated the wave resistance for mathematical quadratic ship models. The results are compared with a post having infinite depth. The results are as follows; The models with finer ends have smaller wave resistance up to $V/\sqrt{L}=1.1{\sim}1.2$ than its mate with blunter ends, but above this speed the models with blunter ends have less wave resistance. According to the decrease of draft, the wave resistance gap between the models with blunter ends the models with finer ends decrease at high speed. In this case of T/L=0.025, the models with finer ends have less wave resistance than the models with blunter ends at high speed.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2017

This study aims to establish a seismic resistance performance evaluation method that makes sure to secure the seismic resistance performance of the existing mid-low story reinforced concrete structures. This study focuses on the development of the seismic resistance performance evaluation method for the overall seismic resistance performance evaluation on the buildings by applying fuzzy theory. This seismic resistance performance evaluation method considers the mutual relations among the type of force, the type of member, the type of story, and the states of deterioration of the buildings. The total seismic resistance performance index from this method was calculated by the intensity weight of each evaluation item, fuzzy measure, fuzzy integration. Moreover, the evaluation methodology was established in this study to identify the performance level of the Immediate Occupancy, Life Safe, Collapse Prevention by applying the fuzzy theory.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.98-103
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• 2009

In this paper, we test the electrical resistance of flat wire in the PV module. normally solar cell has two kind of flat wire(inter connection ribbon and bus bar ribbon). we found the phenomenon that has a unbalance with resistance when we make a wiling between of string. So, we measurement the resistance of flat wire each other. and analysis of missmatch with resistance between flat wires on PV module. next to survey of IR picture on missmatch flat wire samples for analyze of missmatch with current in the wire. and we perform IR test with solar cell that has a connection with flat wire for test the effect of missmatch resistance on solar cell. Finally we perform the Dark I-V test for survey of effect by the unbalance of resistance. By the result of Dark I-V test, the series resistance of existing connection sample is large more then innovated connection sample.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.177-180
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• 2008

Worldwide, cyst nematode(Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most destructive pathogen of cultivated soybean. In the USA, current annual yield losses are estimated to be nearly a billion dollars. Crop losses are primarily reduced by the use of resistant cultivars. Nematode populations are variable and have adapted to reproduce on resistant cultivars over time because resistance primarily traces to two soybean accessions. It is important to use diverse resistance sources to develop new nematode resistant cultivars. Soybean PI 494182 is a recent introduction from Japan and found to be resistant to multiple nematode populations. It is yellow seeded and maturity group 0. We have determined inheritance of resistance in PI 494182 using $F_{2:3}$ families derived from cross PI 494182 X cv. Skylla. Skylla is a susceptible parent. Three nematode populations, races 1, 3, and 5, corresponding to HG types 2.5.7, 0, and 2.5.7 were used to bioassay 162 $F_{2:3}$ families in greenhouse experiments. Based on Chi-square tests, a two-gene model is proposed for resistance to race 1 and a three-gene model is proposed for conditioning resistance to both races 3 and 5. Correlation coefficient analysis indicated that some genes conditioning resistance to races 1, 3, and 5 are shared or closely linked with each other. These results will be useful to soybean breeders for developing soybean cultivars for broad resistance to nematodes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.59-65
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• 2015

By harnessing the thermal hysteresis behavior of vanadium dioxide($VO_2$), we demonstrated multi-resistance states in a two-terminal electronic device based on a $VO_2$ thin film by using a 966nm infrared laser diode as an excitation light source for resistance modulation. Before stimulating the device using 966nm laser pulses, the thermal hysteresis behavior of the device resistance was measured by using a temperature chamber. After that, the $VO_2$ device was thermally biased at ${\sim}71.6^{\circ}C$ so that its temperature fell into the thermal hysteresis region of the device resistance. Six multi-states of the device resistance could be obtained in the fabricated $VO_2$ device by five successive laser pulses with equal 10ms duration and increasing power. Each resistance states were maintained while the temperature bias was applied. And, the resistance fluctuation level was within 2.2% of the stabilized resistance and decreased down to less than 0.9% of the stabilized resistance 5s after the illumination.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2009

In this study, antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolated from domestic beef on sale in Busan and Gyeongnam province was investigated from March to October 2008. A total of 400 beef samples were collected for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance, and 39 (9.8%) strains of E. coli were isolated. Antimicrobial resistance test was carried out by agar disc diffusion method with 17 antimicrobials. In general, E. coli isolates showed the highest antimicrobial resistance to tetracycline (85.3%), followed by doxycycline (76.5%), streptomycin (61.8%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (61.8%). Then they showed higher resistance to several antimicrobials like kanamycin and neomycin (55.9%). However, They had low antimicrobial resistance to amikacin (8.8%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (2.9%). Of 39 isolates, 31 (79.5%) were resistant to more than 2 antimicrobials. Among 17 antimicrobials examined, tetracyclines were the most resistant, followed by aminoglycosides, sulfonamides. The resistance was seemed to be correlated to amounts of antimicrobial use. In the result of this study, we suggest that there be need to regulate the abuse of antimicrobial on food-producing animals in Korea because the concern on antimicrobial resistant is gradually increased worldwide.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 1997

High temperature materials used in the elevated temperature and corrosive atmosphere must have the good oxidation resistance and preserve their own mechanical properties simultaneously. For the oxidation resistance, it is very important to form a protective oxide scale such as $Al_2O_3$ or $Cr_2O_3$ on the substrate. However, the additions of protective oxide forming elements such as Cr and Al in the alloy to enhance its oxidation resistance are limited due to the deleterious effects on their mechanical properties. PECVD(P1asma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) coating processes were employed to improve the oxidation resistance at high temperature. Cr and/or A1 were coated on the substrates of Ni and Inconel 600 at various temperatures of 400, 500, $600^{\circ}C$ and at different conditions of specimen surfaces. Then, coated specimens were exposed to isothermal and cyclic oxidation conditions in air at 1000 and $1100^{\circ}C$. In order to enhance the adhesion between the substrate and coated layer, heat treatments of the coated specimens were conducted in a vacuum. At isothermal oxidation experiments, Al-coated Ni specimen showed better oxidation resistance than pure Ni. At cyclic oxidation experiments at $1000^{\circ}C$. Cr and Al-coated specimen showed better oxidation resistance. Cr-coated Inconel 600 had also showed better oxidation resistance due to Cr in the substrate. By PECVD coating process, oxidation resistance could be improved, but it was not improved as expected due to the weakness of the adhesion between the substrate and the coated layer.