• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.641-649
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• 2015

본 연구는 선행연구에서 도출한 다량의 광물질 혼화재를 사용한 고강도 콘크리트(HVMAC)의 내구성을 3성분계 콘크리트(TBC)와 시멘트만 사용한 콘크리트(NC)에 대해서 비교 평가하고자 하였다. 내구성 평가 종류는 염화물 침투 저항성, 동결융해 저항성, 두가지 전처리 조건으로 비교 평가한 탄산화 저항성, 5% 황산($H_2SO_4$), 10% 황산나트륨($Na_2SO_4$) 및 10% 황산마그네슘($MgSO_4$) 용액을 선정하여 황산 및 황산염 저항성 평가를 수행하였다. HVMAC는 모든 재령에서 우수한 염화물 침투 저항성을 나타내었고, 동결융해에 대한 내구성 지수가 100%에 가까운 우수한 결과를 나타내었다. 탄산화 저항성 평가 결과, HVMAC가 TBC보다 저감효과가 있었으며, 양생기간을 증가시켰을 때 콘크리트 내부조직을 치밀하게 만들어 탄산화 저항성을 향상시켰다. 황산 및 황산염 저항성 평가에서 HVMAC가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 다량의 혼화재 적용에 따른 수산화칼슘 생성량과 $C_3A$가 적어 황산 및 황산염에 의한 열화가 저감된 효과로 강도 감소 및 질량 변화가 작게 나타난 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1320-1326
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• 2011

The maximum speed of high-speed rail is restricted to various factors such as track condition including slope and radius, tunnel and dynamic stability of vehicle. Among the various factors, traction effort and resistance to motion is principal and basic factor. In addition, at high speed over 300km/h, aerodynamic drag amounts up to 80% of resistance to motion, that it can be said that aerodynamic drag is the most important factor to decide the maximum speed of high-speed rail system. This paper deals with a measure to increase the maximum speed of high-speed train by reducing aerodynamic drag. The traction effort curve and resistance to motion curve of existing high-speed train under development has been employed to set up the target of aerodynamic drag reduction to reach up to 500km/h without modification traction system. In addition, the contribution of various sources of aerodynamic drag to total value has been analyzed and the strategy for implementation of aerodynamic drag reduction has been discussed based on the aerodynamic simulation results around the train using computational fluid dynamics.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 양이온, 중심원소, 배위원소가 치환된 Keggin 형 및 Wells-Dawson 형 헤테로폴리산 촉매의 NDR(negative differential resistance) 거동을 STM(scanning tunneling microscopy)을 이용하여 살펴보았다. 헤테로폴리산 촉매의 NDR 전압과 산화환원능력 사이에는 일정한 상관관계가 있었다. 촉매의 구조적 차이에 상관없이 산화환원능력이 높은 헤테로폴리산 촉매는 보다 낮은 음전압에서 NDR 거동을 나타내었다. 이처럼 NDR 전압은 촉매의 산화환원능력을 대변하는 하나의 correlating parameter로 활용될 수 있었다.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2014

Fuel cells of proton exchange membrane type (PEMFC) working with hydrogen in the anode and ambient air in the cathode ('air breathing') have been prepared and characterized. The cells have been studied with variable thickness of the cathode catalyst layer ($L_{CL}$), maintaining constant the platinum and ionomer loads. Polarization curves and electrochemical active area measurements have been carried out. The polarization curves are analyzed in terms of a model for a flooded passive air breathing cathode. The analysis shows that $L_{CL}$ affects to electrochemical kinetics and mass transport processes inside the electrode, as reflected by two parameters of the polarization curves: the Tafel slope and the internal resistance. The observed decrease in Tafel slope with decreasing $L_{CL}$ shows improvements in the oxygen reduction kinetics which we attribute to changes in the catalyst layer structure. A decrease in the internal resistance with $L_{CL}$ is attributed to lower protonic resistance of thinner catalyst layers, although the observed decrease is lower than expected probably because the electronic conduction starts to be hindered by more hydrophilic character and thicker ionomer film.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2011년도 제42회 하계학술대회
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• pp.453-454
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• 2011

With the transmission line the ratio of lightning breakdown the while whole breaking down is occupying a high share with average 72%, is a tendency which increases continuously. In order decreasing the back flashover faults from like this lightning breakdown, it is very important to maintain grounding resistance of tower below target. In this paper, we synthetically analyzed the grounding resistance reduction effect of tower foundation and standard ground connection from construction site, and investigated efficiency for ways to increase the length of counter poise and expand the size of conductivity concrete materials.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1104-1110
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• 2003

The present study investigates the hemorheological characteristics of blood flow with applying vibration to a non-aggregating red blood cell suspension. In order to obtain the non-aggregating RBC suspension, blood samples were treated with vibration at a specified condition, which viscosities were taken before and after the treatment, respectively. The viscosity of the blood samples after treatment was higher than before treatment. These treated blood samples were forced to flow through a capillary tube that was vibrated perpendicularly to the direction of the flow. The experimental results showed that vibration caused a reduction of the flow resistance of the non-aggregated blood. The reduction of the flow resistance was strongly dependent on both frequency and amplitude of vibration. These results show potential in treating various diseases in the microcirculation associated with blood cell aggregation.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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• pp.369-378
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• 1996

A Lugged steel wheel was operated with two kinds of travel reduction on a sandy clay. " Small -sized transucers of the three-surfaced lug type " were installed to the wheel for the measurement of normal and tangential forces acting on a trailing lug side, lug face and a leading lug side separately . The external results acting on each surface were calculated from those measured forces. This results proved qualitatively that the relationships between external forces and lug surfaces obtained from mathematical analyses were external forces and lug surfaces obtained from mathematical analyses were correct. The traction, the motion resistance and the dynamic load were changing at the three lug surface under various operating conditions . Therefore, total analyses of three surface were indispensable to discuss the performance of the wheel lug.

• 전기의세계
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.227-230
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• 1981

The variation of sheet resistance and the reduction of masking oxide thickness with the flow rate of nitrogen gas has been measured in Boron predeposition process with Planar Diffusion source, BN-975. At 900.deg. C, the sheet resistance varied as much as 75% when the nitrogen flow rate was changed from 0.4 liters/min to 2.0 liters/min. At 975.deg. C, however, only 12% of sheet resistance variation was observed under the same flow rate change. The reduction of masking oxide thickness at 975.deg. C for a 5 min predeposition was 600 nm when the nitrogen flow rate was 0.4 liters/min. When the flow rate incresased to 1.9 liters/min, however, only 100nm of masking oxide was consumed in a similar predeposition process.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기설비전문위원
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• pp.169-172
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• 2004

The tower footing resistance is an extremely important parameter in the determination of lightning flashover. For the reduction of back flashover faults, power utility companies have had a concern to decrease the footing resistance. There are two manufactures of the conductivity concrete materials in Korea. In this paper, we investigated possibility of soil pollution due to the conductivity concrete materials. Also, we analyzed on the reduction characteristics of footing resistance of those.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집 II
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• pp.1242-1248
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• 2001

In this paper, the process of development of resilient sleepers, which improves the train safety, passenger comport and reduces the noise and vibration, is presented. To determine the required material properties of elastic pad, static and dynamic simulations are performed and is applied in manufacturing. Lateral resistance and durability characteristics of the resilient sleepers are experimentally investigated. From the experiment results, it is investigated that the displacement is less for sleeper with elastic pad than that in ordinary PC form. However, the lateral resistance is investigated little less -for sleeper with elastic pad than ordinary PC form. These results indicate that the elastic pad can reduce possibility of rail-corrugations and thus resulting in the reduction of maintenance costs.