• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.565-568
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• 2010

Sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) and trimethoprim (TMP) are chemotherapeutics that are extensively used in various animal species for the treatment or prevention of coccidia and coccidia-like parasites. Little information about the depletion kinetics of these compounds in chickens exists in the literature. In this study, a new commercial liquid concentrate of SQX in combination with TMP (100 g/l of SQX and 33.4 g/l of TMP) was administered with drinking water at a dose of 0.75 ml/l or 1.5 ml/l. The edible tissue concentrations of the drugs were determined by the validated high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric method. Residue concentrations of SQX and TMP were lower than their maximum residual limits (MRLs) in all tissues from both dose groups at 5 days after the treatment. The optimal withdrawal time of SQX/TMP combination was suggested to be over 5 days after cessation of medication in broilers.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2006

Biosorption technology was used to remove hazardous materials from wastewater, herbicide, heavy metals, and radioactive compounds, based on binding capacities of various biological materials. Biosorption process can be explained by two steps; the first step is that target contaminants is in contact with microorganisms and the second is that the adsorbed target contaminants is infiltrated with inner cell through metabolically mediated or physico-chemical pathways of uptake. Until recently, no information is available to explain the definitive mechanism of biosorption. The purpose of this study is to evaluate biosorption capabilities of organic matters using activated sludge and to investigate affecting factors upon biosorption. Over 49% of organic matter could be removed by positive biosorption reaction under anoxic condition within 10 minutes. The biosorption capacities were constant at around 50 mg-COD/mg-MLSS for all batch experiments. As starvation time increased under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, biosorption capacity increased since higher stressed microorganisms by starvation was more brisk. Starvation stress of microorganisms was higher at aerobic condition than anaerobic one. As temperature increased or easily biodegradable carbon sources were used, biosorption capacities increased. Consequently, biosorption can be estimated by biological -adsorbed capability of the bacterial cell-wall and we can achieve the cost-effective and non -residual denitrification with applying biosorption to the bio-reduction of nitrate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.469-480
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• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the degradation and mineralization of PPCPs (Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products) using a CBD(Collimated Beam Device) of UV/H₂O₂ advanced oxidation process. The decomposition rate of each substance was regarded as the first reaction rate to the ultraviolet irradiation dose. The decomposition rate constants for PPCPs were determined by the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet irradiation intensity. If the decomposition rate constant is large, the PPCPs concentration decreases rapidly. According to the decomposition rate constant, chlortetracycline and sulfamethoxazole are expected to be sufficiently removed by UV irradiation only without the addition of hydrogen peroxide. In the case of carbamazepine, however, very high UV dose was required in the absence of hydrogen peroxide. Other PPCPs required an appropriate concentration of hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet irradiation intensity. The UV dose required to remove 90% of each PPCPs using the degradation rate constant can be calculated according to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in each sample. Using this reaction rate, the optimum UV dose and hydrogen peroxide concentration for achieving the target removal rate can be obtained by the target PPCPs and water properties. It can be a necessary data to establish design and operating conditions such as UV lamp type, quantity and hydrogen peroxide concentration depending on the residence time for the most economical operation.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.67-73
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• 2013

This paper relates with the performance of VSCA adaptive equalization algorithm that is used for the minimization of the intersymbol interference due to the distortion which occurs in the time dispersive channel for the transmission of 16-QAM signal. In the conventional SCA, it is possible to compensates the amplitude and phase in the received signal that are mixed with the intersymbol interference by the constellatin dependent constant by using the 2nd order statistics of the transmitted signal. But in the VSCA, it is possible to the increase the equalization performance by adding the concept of distance adjusted approach for constellation matching. We compare the performance of VSCA and SCA algorithm by computer simulation. For this, the equalizer output signal constellation, residual isi, maximum distortion and MSE were used for perfomance comparison. It was confirmed that, the VSCA algorithm has better than the SCA in every performance index by computer simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.117-129
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• 2009

This paper studied the safety management network system of infrastructure which constructed smart sensors, closed-circuit television(CCTV) and monitoring system. This safety management of infrastructure applied to bridge, cut slop and tunnel, embankment etc. The system applied to technologies of standardization guidelines, data acquirement technologies, data analysis and judgment technologies, system integration setup technology, and IT technologies. It was constructed safety management network system of various infrastructure to improve efficient management and operation for many infrastructure. Integrated safety management network system of infrastructure consisted of the real-time structural health monitoring system of each infrastructure, integrated control center, measured data transmission using i of tet web-based, collecting data using sf ver, early alarm system which the dangerous event of infrastructure occurred. Integrated control center consisted of conference room, control room to manage and analysis the data, server room to present the measured data and to collect the raw data. Early alarm system proposed realization of warning and response within 5 minute or less through development of sensor-based progress report and propagation automation system using the media such as MMS, VMS, EMS, FMS, SMS and web services of report and propagation. Based on this, the most effective u-Infrastructure Safety Management System is expected to be stably established at a less cost, thus making people's life more comfortable. Information obtained from such systems could be useful for maintenance or structural safety evaluation of existing structures, rapid evaluation of conditions of damaged structures after an earthquake, estimation of residual life of structures, repair and retrofitting of structures, maintenance, management or rehabilitation of historical structures.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.4B
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• pp.200-207
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• 2007

Many P2P systems which are designed to implement large-scale data sharing have been introduced in internet recently. They exhibit interesting features like sell-configuration, sell-healing and complete decentralization, which make them appealing for deployment in ad hoc environments as well. This paper proposes an Gnutella-based P2P system that can operate efficiently in ad hoc networks. The objectives of this paper are to extend the overall system lifetime, to reduce overheads, and to provide enhanced performance. The proposed system uses an ultrapeer election scheme based on metric values and proactive distribution of ultrapeer information. According to the simulation results, the proposed system can provide better performance than Gnutella in terms of query success rate, query response time, overhead and residual battery power by utilizing network resources efficiently.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.207-213
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• 1999

This study was carried out to get a industrial information about a possibility of IgY antibody production, antimicrobial activity and properties of IgY antibody in egg yolk. The residual antibody activities of IgY were 91.5% after heating for 30min at 6$0^{\circ}C$. At the same time. these activities, were 73.2% after heating 15min at $65^{\circ}C$ and decreased vapidly at 7$0^{\circ}C$ and little antibody activity was left after heating for 15min at 8$0^{\circ}C$. When the prepared IgY was incubated at various pH ranges from 7 to 2 for 5hr at 37$^{\circ}C$., the antibody activity was stable from pH 7 to 4 and remained to 69.8% at pH 3.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.39-53
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• 2008

This study aims to investigate and analyze the plan and structural system of 4 kan(間) by 4 kan(間) square church built in early 20th century. At that time, three kinds of traditional wooden structure church had been built under the circumstances of transitional era : Basilica style such as Ganghwa Anglican Church, 'ㄱ' shaped style such as Keumsan Church and $4{\times}4$ Square style such as Bukok Church and Jacheon Church that are concerned in this study. Traditional plans and structural system were mixed with new religious function and transformed into korean peculiar style. $4{\times}4$ Square style is a residual product in that process. Despite of it, little concerns on it till now. The results of this study are described as follows. 1. The plan of these $4{\times}4$ square churches is divided into three areas : cathedra($1{\times}1$), attendance($4{\times}2$), and intermediation($4{\times}2$). The location of cathedra is commonly the opposition part of main gate and projected out of the building. Attendance area was also divided into two, man and woman, because of keeping a distance with each other. 2. The structural system of these $4{\times}4$ square churches are somewhat different because of their size and roof style. In the case of Bukok church, $4{\times}4$ square fall off $3{\times}3$ and $2{\times}2$ gradually and turn into paljak(八作) roof, which enable us to get in traditional entering methods. On the contrary, Jacheon church use hipped roof but almost alike pyramidal roof, which could make us not to recognize entering in the aspect of gable part.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.68-76
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• 1997

The welding-induced initial imperfections such as residual stresses and initial strains in plated structures of ships and offshore structures can be effectively evaluated by the thermal elasto-plastic analysis method proposed in this paper. In the analysis of heat conduction of plate structures, both the analytical method and the numerical method are used. For the thermal elasto-plastic analysis of plates, the finite element analysis is performed, based on the initial strain method. In the plastic domain during incremental process, the 2nd order terms of stress increments and yield stress increments were considered, so that time increment could be controlled for more stable solution. To measure temperature distribution and angular distortion of plates during welding, bead-on-plate experiment are perform with various heat input and plate thickness. Measured data show good agreement with the calculated results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-33
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• 1984

This work represents results of analysis of tidal observations at twelve major ports(Inchon, Kunsan, Mokpo, Daeheuksando, Jeju, Yeosu, Jinhae, Busan, Pohang, Ulsan, Mugho, Sogcho) around Korean coast for the years up to 1979. The reduction of hourly tide gauge sea level records provided by Korean Hydrographic Office was performed in systematic manner resulting digitised hourly observed series, predicted series and residual series. As a first step the application of an extended harmonic method of analyzing the tidal observations leads to the identification of 42 new constituents including 60 orthodox Doodson's constituents at major ports. The sea level statistics including sea level frequency distribution are presented and the tidal emersion curves showing the percentage of time for which different levels are covered by water and exposed are also presented to provide useful design input for coastal development. This study has teen undertaken in association with the programme of sea level research at Korean Hydrographic Office and the programme of adjustment of first order levelling network at National Geographic Institute.