• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제68권6호
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• pp.677-689
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• 2018

Residual deformation is a crucial index that should be paid special attention in the performance-based seismic analyses of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Owing to their superior re-centering capacity under earthquake excitations, the post-tensioned self-centering (PTSC) RC frames have been proposed and developed for engineering application during the past few decades. This paper presents a comprehensive assessment on the seismic fragility of a PTSC frame by simultaneously considering maximum and residual deformations. Bivariate limit states are defined according to the pushover analyses for maximum deformations and empirical judgments for residual deformations. Incremental Dynamic Analyses (IDA) are conducted to derive the probability of exceeding predefined limit states at specific ground motion intensities. Seismic performance of the PTSC frame is compared with that of a conventional monolithic RC frame. The results show that, taking a synthetical consideration of maximum and residual deformations, the PTSC frame surpasses the monolithic frame in resisting most damage states, but is more vulnerable to ground motions with large intensities.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2000

Residual stresses and deformations due to welding have effects on the strength of structures. In this paper, the compressive strength of basic welded structures is studied and the effects of the residual stresses and deformations on the compressive strength of beams, plates and shells are investigated,. Theoretical analysis for the basic structures is carried out and simplified methods to calculate the compressive strength are proposed. The proposed methods yield simple formulas to calculate the compressive strength, of which results are much helpful. The accuracy of the proposed method is revealed by comparison with experimental results.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.64-73
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• 1997

Deformations of structures due to welding appear much complicated and deformated modes are also complex. As parameters governing deformations are various and effect of parameters on deformations is not well known, precise prediction of deformation due to welding has been a difficult problem. Until now, many research papers as to welding deformation have been published, but the research results can explain only one aspect of welding deformation have been published, but the research results can explain only one aspect of welding deformation and are hard to be used in reasonable prediction of welding deformations in complicated structures. In this study, based on the accumulated results concerning to welding deformations, a practical method to predict complicated welding deformations of large structure is proposed. A simplified model to estimate residual plastic strains is suggested and main parameters affecting residual plastic strains are shown to be heat input and joint restaints. Inherent strain theory and experimental data are combined with the finite element method and welding deformations of large structures are calculated by elastic analysis. Comparison of calculated results with experimental data shows the accuracy and validity of the proposed method.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.313-333
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• 2012

Reinforced concrete (RC) framed buildings dissipate the seismic energy through yielding of the reinforcing bars. This yielding jeopardizes the serviceability of these buildings as it results in residual lateral deformations. Superelastic Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) can recover inelastic strains by stress removal. Since SMA is a costly material, this paper defines the required locations of SMA bars in a typical RC frame to optimize its seismic performance in terms of damage scheme and seismic residual deformations. The intensities of five earthquakes causing failure to a typical RC six-storey building are defined and used to evaluate seven SMA design alternatives.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.448-451
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• 2005

It was observed that after unloading or removal of the load from the specimen subjected to bending stress, partial or full elastic spring back occurred and considerable stresses have resulted while plastic deformation was considered. ABAQUS is a suite of powerful engineering simulation programs, based on the finite element method. In this paper, it was used as the main tool to analyze elastic and plastic deformations of hi-material metal joint. In the case of elastic deformations, the results were comparable to the theoretical data. Plastic deformations and residual stresses of hi-material metal joint under bending moment were obtained by ABAQUS; where the theory needs to be studied and improved further to verify the results.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2002

선박의 곡외판은 냉간가공과 열간가공(선상가열) 과정을 거쳐 제작된다. 선상가열의 자동화 및 기계화에 대한 연구가 다양하게 수행되어 오고 있다. 특히 가열조건과 잔류 변형 사이의 관계규명은 자동화 및 기계화를 위한 주요 요소로 생각된다. 본 연구는 그러한 관계를 규명하기 위하여 일련의 체계적인 과정을 제시하고 관계식을 제안하였다. 선상가열에 의한 변형은 3차원 열탄소성 변형현상으로 정식화될 수 있으며, 열탄소성 변형현상을 유한요소해석을 이용하여 다양한 가열조건에 대한 수치해석을 수행하였다. 유한요소법의 유용성을 검증하기 위하여 실험을 수행하였고 그 유용성을 확인하였다 변형관계식에 사용된 입력변수는 차원해석을 통하여 선정하였다. 유한요소법을 이용하여 얻어진 결과를 활용하여 선상가열에 의한 변형관계식을 추정하기 위하여 다변수해석과 다차원 보관과정을 예시하였다. 일련의 과정을 통하여 본 연구는 선상가열의 가열조건과 잔류 변형 사이의 관계식을 선정하기 위한 방법을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1885-1890
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• 2005

The contour method relies on deformations that occur when a residually stressed component is cut along a plane. The method is based on the elastic superposition principle. When plasticity is involved in the relaxation process, stress error in the resulting measurement of residual stress would be caused. During the cutting the specimen is constrained at a location along the cut so that deformations are restrained as much as possible during cutting. With proper selection of the constraining location the plasticity effect can also be minimized. Typical patterns of longitudinal welding residual stress state were taken to assess the plasticity effect along with constraining locations.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.290-296
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• 2005

The contour method is based on the elastic superposition principle, and relies on deformations that occur when a residually stressed part is cut along a plane. During the cut, the part is constrained at a location along the cut so that deformations are restrained as much as possible. The displacement is applied to an elastic FE model of the half. When plasticity is involved in the relaxation process, the superposition principle is no longer valid, and stress error in the resulting measurement of residual stress would be caused. Residual stress states in a laser peened Ti-6Al-4V strip were taken for the FE simulation.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2006년 창립20주년기념 정기학술대회 및 국제워크샵
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• pp.213-216
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• 2006

During the last decade several different methods have been proposed for the estimation of thermal deformations in the line heating process. These are mainly based on the assumption of residual strains in the heat-affected zone or simulated relations between heating conditions and residual deformations. However these results were restricted in the application from the too simplified heating conditions or the shortage of the data. The purpose of this paper is to develop a simulator of thermal deformation in the line heating using the artificial neural network. Two neural network predicting the maximum temperature and deformations at the heating line are studied. Deformation data from the line heating experiments are used for learning data for the network. It was observed that thermal deformation predicted by the neural network correlate well with the experimental result.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.473-483
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• 2017

Comprehensive consideration regarding influence mechanisms of initial imperfections on ultimate strength of spherical shells is taken to satisfy requirement of deep-sea structural design. The feasibility of innovative numerical procedure that combines welding simulation and non-linear buckling analysis is verified by a good agreement to experimental and theoretical results. Spherical shells with a series of wall thicknesses to radius ratios are studied. Residual stress and deformations from welding process are investigated separately. Variant influence mechanisms are discovered. Residual stress is demonstrated to be influential to stress field and buckling behavior but not to the ultimate strength. Deformations are proved to have a significant impact on ultimate strength. When central angles are less than critical value, concave magnitudes reduce ultimate strengths linearly. However, deformations with central angles above critical value are of much greater harm. Less imperfection susceptibility is found in spherical shells with larger wall thicknesses to radius ratios.