• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.155-167
• /
• 2012

This paper introduces the outlines of review and approval processes, general criteria and usual practices taken in Japan for the seismic design of high-rise buildings. The structural calculations are based on time-history analyses followed by performance evaluations. This paper also introduces structural design of two high-rise buildings: one is a 100 m high reinforced concrete residential building, and the other is a 300 m high steel building for mixed use.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.395-405
• /
• 2022

Tornado-induced damages to high-rise buildings and low-rise buildings are quite different in nature. Tornado losses to high-rise buildings are generally associated with building envelope failures while tornado-induced damages to low-rise buildings are usually associated with structural or large component failures such as complete collapses, or roofs being torn off. While studies of tornado-induced structural damages tend to focus mainly on low-rise residential buildings, transmission towers, or nuclear power plants, the current rapid expansion of city centers and development of large-scale building complexes increases the risk of tornadoes impacting tall buildings. It is, therefore, important to determine how tornado-induced load affects tall buildings compared with those based on synoptic boundary layer winds. The present study applies an experimentally simulated tornado wind field to the Commonwealth Advisory Aeronautical Research Council (CAARC) building and estimates and compares its pressure coefficient effects against the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) flow field. Simulations are performed at the Wind Engineering, Energy and Environment (WindEEE) Dome which is capable of generating both ABL and tornadic winds. A model of the CAARC building at a scale of 1:200 for both ABL and tornado flows was built and equipped with pressure taps. Mean and peak surface pressures for TLV flow are reported and compared with the ABL induced wind for different time-averaging. By following a compatible definition of the pressure coefficients for TLV and ABL fields, the resulting TLV pressure field presents a similar trend to the ABL case. Also, the results show that, for the high-rise building model, the mean and 3-sec peak pressures are larger for the ABL case compared to the TLV case. These results provide a way forward for the code implementation of tornado-induced pressures on high-rise buildings.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2021

Currently, big data and open data, together with traditional measured data, have come to constitute a new data environment, expanding new technical paths for quantitative analysis of the street environment. Streets provide precious linear public space in high-density residential areas. Pedestrian activities are the main body of street vitality. In this paper, 441 street segments were selected from 21 residential districts in high-density downtown area of Shanghai as cases, to quantitatively evaluate the influencing factors of pedestrian activities. Bivariate analysis was performed, and the results showed that street vitality was not only correlated with a highly populated environment, but also with other factors. In particular, the density of entrances and exits of residential properties, the proportion of walkable areas, and the density of retail and service facilities, were correlated with the vitality of street segments. The magnitudes of correlation between the street environmental factors and the pedestrian traffic differed across various trip purposes. Segment connectivity factors were more correlated with walking for leisure than for transportation. While public transportation factors were mainly correlated with walking for transportation, vehicular traffic factors were negatively correlated with walking for leisure.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.167-173
• /
• 2020

W-Project is 60-story mixed-use residential building complex project in Daegu, the third biggest city in South Korea. There are lots explorable items to be solved to secure structural safety and meet the serviceability requirements. This paper describes what kind of structural system is optimized based on the architectural requirements and structural components design and the grade of concrete strength altered on floors. The defining process of lateral resisting system of outrigger compared to the core ratio of typical plan is illustrated in detail.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2014

W-Project is 70-story mixed-use residential building complex project in Busan, the second biggest city in South Korea. As it is a high rise building complex located at the coast, the residents have great ocean view from the height. Though, there were many difficult challenges to be solved to secure structural safety and meet the serviceability requirements. As it is located on the reclaimed land, securing the foundation bearing capacity on soft soil is the first issue to be solved for the stable structure. W-Project. Busan on the way usual track of typhoon, wind load on structure is also critical for structural safety and serviceability for occupants due to wind vibration. This paper will address process of lateral load resisting structural system of W-Project.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.113-129
• /
• 2017

This paper presents the initial findings of a ground-breaking two-year CTBUH-funded research project investigating the real environmental and social sustainability of people's lifestyles in a number of high-rise residential towers in downtown Chicago, and a comparable number of low rise homes in suburban Oak Park, Chicago - based on actual energy bills and other real data. The study is ground-breaking because, to date, similar studies have been mostly based on very large data sets of generalized data regarding whole-city energy consumption, or large-scale transport patterns, which often misses important nuances. This study has thus prioritized quality of real data (based on around 250 households in both high rise and low rise case studies), over quantity. In both urban and suburban cases, the following factors have been assessed: (i) home operational energy use, (ii) embodied energy of the dwelling, (iii) home water consumption, (iv) mobility and transport movements, (v) urban/suburban Infrastructure, and (vi) quality of life. The full results of this seminal study will be published in the form of a CTBUH Research Report publication in 2017. Presented below is an overview of the initial (and, currently, unverified) findings of the research, together with the limitations of the study that should be taken into account, as well as future plans for developing this important pilot study.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.167-171
• /
• 2014

TORANOMON HILLS is the main building of a large-scale re-development project located in the center of Tokyo. This high-rise building has a height of 247 m and 52 floors above ground, 5 floors below ground, and $62m{\times}80m$ in plan. It is used as hotel, residential facilities, offices, shops and conference facilities. The super structure is mainly a rigid steel frame with response-control devices, using concrete-filled steel tube columns. The underground section is a mixed structure composed of steel, steel-reinforced concrete and reinforced concrete framings. The piled-raft foundation type is used. The remarkable feature of this high-rise building is that the motorway runs through the basements of the building, which makes it stand just above the motorway. This condition is an important factor of the building design. The plan shape is designed to fit along the curve of the motorway. Special columns at the corners are required to avoid placing columns in the motorway. This special column is a single inclined column in the lower floors that branches into two columns in the mid-floors to suit the column location in the upper floors. The cast steel joint is used for the branching point of each special column to securely transfer the stress.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.103-107
• /
• 2015

China's rapidly growing cities offer a unique opportunity to create highly sustainable communities. Architects and their clients, typically real estate developers, are highly focused on strategies that are effective at reducing energy and water usage at the scale of the individual building or within a master plan of multiple related buildings. However, a closer look at energy consumption reveals that transportation uses more energy worldwide than residential and commercial buildings combined. In light of this, it is appropriate that China is making massive investments in transportation infrastructure like heavy rail rapid transit and grade separated expressways, but the end result of these investments to date has been to enable people to live further from where they work and shop rather than closer - while simultaneously not creating walkable communities. Using positive and negative examples from Asia and the rest of the world, this article will investigate the specific urban design policies such as height limits, setbacks, land use restrictions, parking ratios, and parcel size which might change to enable the creation of truly sustainable communities for China's 21st century.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2016

The reinforced-concrete multi-story shear-wall structure, which can free a building from beams and columns to allow the planning of a vast room, has increasingly been used in Japan as a high-rise reinforced-concrete structure. Since this structural system concentrates the seismic force onto multi-story shear walls inside, the bending deformation of the walls may cause excessive deformation on the upper floors during an earthquake. However, it is possible to control the bending deformation to within a certain level by setting high-strength and rigid beams (outriggers) at the top of the multi-story shear walls; these outriggers restrain the bending behavior of the walls. Moreover, it is possible to achieve high energy dissipation by placing vibration control devices on the outriggers and thus restrain the bending behavior. This paper outlines the earthquake response analysis of a high-rise residential tower to demonstrate the effectiveness of the outrigger frame incorporating vibration control devices.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2014

The use of Buckling Restrained Braces (BRB) for enhancing the performance of the buildings is gaining wider acceptance. This paper presents the first application of these devices in a major high-rise building in the Philippines. A 50-storey residential reinforced concrete building tower, with ductile core wall, with BRB system is investigated. The detailed modeling and design procedure of buckling restrained brace system is presented for the optimal design against the two distinct levels of earthquake ground motions; serviceable behavior for frequent earthquakes and very low probability of collapse under extremely rare earthquakes. The stiffness and strength of the buckling restrained brace system are adjusted to optimize the performance of the structural system under different levels of earthquakes. Response spectrum analysis is conducted for Design Basis Earthquake level and Service level, while nonlinear time history analysis is performed for the most credible earthquake. The case study results show the effectiveness of buckling restrained braces.