• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 1996

Environmental impact assessment survey reflecting farmers` opinion on the residence and production space in rural settlement area by ORD showed that more than 86% of respondents thought their reservoirs and waterways (small rivers) were getting seriously contaminated primarily by garbage and livestock manure. A typical rural settlement unit was taken to assess the impact of improper management of livestock manure in the farms on the water quality of small river flowing down along the villages where swine and dairy farms were situated in Daejook 2, 3-ri, Seolseong-myun, Icheon-gun. Nitrogen compounds such as NO$_3$-N, NO$_2$-N, NH$_3$-N, and phosphorus compound H$_x$PO$_4$, DO, BOD$_5$, COD, and microbial density were analyzed to evaluate water quality at five test sites designated along the water stream. Tests showed. for example, BOD$_5$ at site 4 was average 9.2mg/l which was about 3~8 times higher than that of observation site 2 and 3, at which most livestock houses were situated. This is a clear evidence that the nutrients of livestock manure illegally discharged to small river can lead to an eutrophication of the river at downstream. A soil absorption system with aeration could be one of alternatives to treat the contaminated wastewater by livestock manure. The place at downstream, inbetween observation site 1 and 2, could be the best construction site for the treatment facility from the standpoint of the overall treatment efficiency, An enclosed composting system can also be regarded as a good alternative for treatment of the sludge which is the by-product of the soil absorption system operation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.91-109
• /
• 2003

The grip strength is orthopedics department, the place where from rehabilitation medical science and industrial medical science and it evaluates the function of the hand certainly is the ability which is necessary. There is specially by an occupation rehabilitation of mentally retarded child and the evaluation of grip strength is one which is meaning. The samples for this study were 39 normal males and 59 normal females, 62 mentally retarded males, 33 mentally retarded females ranging in age from Prepubeal period to Adolescence. This study was used to measure grip strength BASELINE Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer manufactured by EEI(Fabrication Enterprises Incorporated)in USA. The objective of research from the Prepubeal period to Adolescence the normal and mentally retarded students comparison evaluates the grip strength and effective fine motor program of one's it makes with the fundamental data for a development and it does. The results are as follow : (1) The hand which the normal student and the schoolgirl of rises from grip strength measurement result of the Prepubeal period research object people 10.7Kg with the same left hand was each measured 10Kg with 9.8Kg with in. The grip strength of the mentally retarded schoolboys was the hand which rises 6Kg with the left hand 5.4Kg, the grip strength of the schoolgirls 6.5Kg with was identical. (2) The hand which the normal schoolboys and the schoolgirls rises from grip strength measurement result of the Adolescence research object people 29.6Kg, 20Kg the left hand to be was each measured 27.8Kg with 18.4Kg with. The hand which the mentally retarded schoolboys and the schoolgirls rises 13.1Kg, 11.3Kg the left hand to be was each measured 12.3Kg with 10.9Kg with. (3) Among the normal students $10.2\%$ (Prepubeal period $0.94\%$, Adolescence $15.2\%$) in Mentally Retarded students $17.9\%$ (Prepubeal period $0.77\%$, Adolescence $19.1\%$) left hand it was higher. (4) The grip strength of the students who attend school from the general family dwells were appeared higher than students residence at institution.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2006

This study was from the survey on the items related to the challenges, the activity frequency of the challenged people and the places where these activities take place and the satisfaction and the demands on the facilities for the challenged people from 1,284 challenged people over the age of 20 living in Korea nation wide. From the survey, it was shown that the biggest demand lied in the improvement of the facilities related to the transportation and access for their residence and social activities. They felt they are inconvenient for the perspective of the implementation rate. Additionally, they had high desire for culture and physical educational activities. Improvements to provide convenient environments where the challenged people can access to and use the facilities as conveniently as unchallenged people do by minimizing the physical hindrances are urgently needed. For time being, many facilities for the challenged people was supplied to improve the physical environments for challenged people, however, foreign regulations had to be adopted for these job due to insufficient date on physical conditions of the challenged people in Korea. Moreover, current facilities for the challenged people emphasized more on physical aspect and the facility itself without the considerations on the overall environments, as result the improvement satisfaction and efficiency were low. More flexible and humane design approaches are needed instead of relying on supply rate and try to fully consider the characteristics of the challenged people without any discrimination.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.381-391
• /
• 1991

The following study was done to investigate foodservice management practice. Total subjects were 18 foodservices in social welfare facilities in Seoul. Among studied facilities, nine were the welfare facilities for children, five were the welfare facilities for elderly, two were the welfare facilities for a mentally and physically disabled person and the remaining two were vagabond care facilities. Methods used were mainly questionaires. These questionaires were answered by manager and interviews were also done for a same person. Equipments were evaluated by investigators using the evaluation form. The results of the study were summarized as follows. Number of cooks and assistant cooks among employee in foodservice establishment were about 2-6 persons. One dietitian is stationed in 2 places among 18 places. Food purchasing and menu plannings were mainly practiced by manager, secretary and other personnels, in more than 50% of social welfare facilities. The type of the menu in most facilities was the set menu. The period of turn over for cycle menu was a week in 50% of facilities. Seventy seven point eight percentage of the welfare facilities were used the weekly or monthly cycle. For the food preparation, there was almost no place using standard recipes. Foodstuffs were purchased in local market. Moreover, the preference test of served foods were done for residence of each facilities. But it was not applicated effectively. Conditions of most equipments in the kitchen were defective specially in dishwashing and sterilization step.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.21-48
• /
• 2006

As prior studies indicate that chronic diseases are mainly attributed to health behavior, preventive health care rather than treatment for illness needs to improve health status. Since chronic conditions require long-term therapy, health care expenditures to treat chronic diseases have been substantial burden at national level. In this point of view, this study suggests that the health promotion program should be based on Knowledge Based System Using Data Mining Technique, we developed a predictive model for preventive healthcare management on diabetes mellitus. Generally, in the outbreak of diabetes mellitus there is a difference in lifestyle and the risk factors according to gender. So we developed a predictive model in accordance with gender difference and applied the Logistic Regression Model based on Data Mining process. The result of the study were as follow. The lift of the last predictive model was an average 2.23 times(male model : 2.13, female model 2.33) more improved than in the random model in upper 10% group. The health risk factors of diabetes mellitus are gender, age, a place of residence, blood pressure, glucose, smoking, drinking, exercise rate. On the basis of these factors, we suggest the program of the health promotion.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.127-137
• /
• 2008

Major purpose of brand establishment of city is to give pride for the citizen and to enhance the city value through improving city image. As modern society wants aggressive and active attitude from all fields, the city, which means as human place of residence, has to try to change for human life and prosperity. It is true that the establishment of brand is shown through politics, economy, society, culture and art, however travel effect and profit creation should be most important. In actual circumstance of our country, that travel deficit is getting increased. the brand establishment of city is more concerned. To build a city, history and time is essential elements. It may be impossible that consistent direction and meaning continue throughout long terms, but after all, the kernel of tourism contents is that idea and development is concentrated focusing consistent direction and meaning. To solve this, problem of strategy and direction was researched through analysis of foreign cities, and also understanding of future role of city in 21st century make a base for rebirth as international travel city. After city brand establishment based on continuous management, it is very important to make city which has strong image power.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.72-79
• /
• 2003

A numerical calculation was conducted to estimate and to elucidate the role of the radiative heat flux from metal particles(Al, $Al_2O_3$) on the dynamic extinction of solid propellant rocket where the rapid depressurization took place. Anon-linear flame modeling implemented by the residence time modeling for metalized propellant was adopted to evaluate conductive heat flux to the propellant surface. The radiative heat feed back was calculated with the aid of a modified comvustion-flow model as well. The calculation results with the propellant of AP:Al:CTPB=76:10:14 had revealed that the radiative heat flux is approximately 5~6% of total flux at the critical depressurization rate regardless of chamber geometry (open or confined chamber). It was also found that the dynamic extinction in open geometry could be predicted at the depressurization rate about 45% larger with radiative heat feedback than without radiation. Thus, it should be claimed that even a small amount of radiative flux 5~6% could produce a big error in predicting the critical depressurization rate of the metalized propellant combustion.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.12
• /
• pp.5009-5018
• /
• 2014

Introduction: Numerous countries have launched campaigns regarding sun protection in the last decades. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess an intervention program aimed at higher knowledge and healthier attitudes regarding sun protection. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 4,133 students aged 8-12 years from a single Greek province. Results: In most items, knowledge levels after the intervention were found to be higher than those before ($2.8{\pm}0.9$ vs $3.3{\pm}0.9$), while knowledge about sun protection factors seems to have had the highest improvement (27.1% vs 56.6%). However, student attitudes did not appear to improve, with the exception of applying sunscreen with a higher SPF (29.7% vs 54.8%). Girls seemed to have healthier attitudes compared to boys, but gender played no role with regard to knowledge levels. Also, place of residence did not play any role regarding knowledge levels, although those living in semi-urban areas seemed to have more unhealthy attitudes. Logistic regression by correlating knowledge and attitudes established that higher knowledge levels are usually accompanied by healthier attitudes, albeit marginally. Conclusions: The intervention had a positive contribution to the student knowledge level regarding sun protection and also led to small improvements regarding some attitudes. Continuous similar interventions could lead to better results and the adoption of healthier attitudes.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.41-65
• /
• 2001

This study aims a comparative analysis of social stratification in the Great Seoul area using two types of population. One type of population is a resident population(常住人口), and the other is a daytime population주간인구(晝間人口). In most demographic studies, only resident population have been considered. There has been less attention to daytime population. However, a resident population have a character of night population야간인구(夜間人口). In fact, most people move and work in the areas where they do not live in everyday life in the contemporary period, which indicates that the concept of a daytime population is more significant than that of a resident population. This study reveals that a number of people, on the one hand. come together to the downtown area to work or study while they live in other areas. On the other hand, resident population in downtown area do not move so much. When we analyze the social stratification structure of the Great Seoul area using a resident population, we find that the resident population of downtown area consist of those of low social status. On the contrary, the daytime population of downtown area in Seoul consist of those of high social status. This means that most people of high social status live in the southern area of Seoul or outside Seoul, but make a living in downtown area in everyday life. From this study, we find that the concept of a daytime population is as important as that of a resident population. The more residence becomes separate from work place, the more the significance of the concept of a daytime population grows in making policy as wall as in demographic studies. This study implies that we need to pay more attention to the concept of daytime population in demographic and sociological Studies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.3051-3056
• /
• 2015

Background: Skin self-examination (SSE) may facilitate early diagnosis of melanoma at a potentially curable stage. Little data are available concerning the SSE frequency and knowledge about the symptoms of melanoma in non-patient populations. The aim of our study was to assess the performance of skin self-examination, recognition of potential melanoma symptoms as well as behavior related to sun exposure among web users in Poland. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among readers of a scientific portal. Invited respondents were asked to complete an online questionnaire. Finally, statistical analysis was conducted on 4,919 surveys towards potential clinical signs of melanoma and SSE performance. Results: Approximately 60% of respondents had ever performed SSE in their life. Only 18.4 % declared performance on a regular, monthly, basis. Factors promoting this activity were established to be bigger place of residence, higher education and sensitive skin phototype, higher level of knowledge concerning melanoma, safe tanning rules and, especially, past surgical excision of naevi. Declared longer use of tanning beds was linked to understanding better the importance of clinical features of melanoma. Awareness of hazardous behavior during sunbathing is associated with the attempts to change them. Conclusions: Regular SSE is not a common practice, whilst the knowledge about the clinical features of melanoma is varied. Therefore, constant pressure should be put on promotion of regular skin self-examination and teaching its proper techniques, including familiarity with the ABCD (asymmetry; border; color; diameter) rule and its extension of "EFG" (elevated, firm, progressive growth) criteria.