• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.365-385
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• 2007

This study develops a set of measures for public library services to children. It is designed to use both measures for library service quality including personnel, library materials and resources. spaces for the service, and other services. and those for library customer satisfaction on equal basis. It specifies 23 scales for 4 each dimensions of measures for service quality, based on the suggestions both from the consulting members of specialists and from the personnel of the National Library for Children and Young Adults. and from the results obtained from the analysis on the questionnaires from the public librarians to children and researchers in this fields. This measures were testified by applying to 18 sample libraries.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to define teachers' learning motivation strategies and students' responses by analyzing science classes and interviews. The subjects were first grade and sixth grade teachers and students of an elementary school. The analysis tools are based on Keller's ARCS theory. The differences of teachers' motivation strategies were analyzed by grades and teachers' and students' backgrounds. The interviewers were composed of three teachers and three students of first grade, and three teachers and three students of sixth grade. The data were collected by recording of the classes using tape recorders, video cameras, and notebooks written by researchers. The results are as follows. First, teachers had their own styles of teaching strategies in their classes. Especially teachers' teaching backgrounds affected on the teachers' instructional strategies. The teachers who had long teaching experiences of lower grade students used to show a lot of attention strategies. While the teachers with long teaching experiences of higher grade students used to show few learning motivation strategies. Especially, sixth grade teachers used to show fewer confidence strategies than first grade teachers. Second, all of the teachers used to show few satisfaction strategies commonly in all the classes observed. Third, the students' recognition of the motivation strategies were not different according to their conceptions or activities of the classes. Commonly first grade students focused on the attention strategies, while sixth grade students focused on negative motivation strategies. Fourth, the teachers who believed that students need detail guidance and control recognized the needs of satisfaction strategies by students' autonomous activities after observing video tapes of other teachers' classes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.324-340
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• 1990

Support has always been considered an important nursing concept. However, there is no agreement among nurse researchers as to a conceptual definition of supportive nursing or meaningful supportive behaviors. Clarification of the concept, support in nursing, is necessary to promote communication among nurses on nursing behaviors that are effective in providing support and on understanding the relevant properties and charcteristics of the concept, supportive nursing care. The objectives of the study were : 1. to analyse the concept, support in nursing, in order to provide a definition of supportive nursing care, and 2. to operationalize the definition of supportive nursing care and use it as an experimental nursing intervention for patients with low back pain. The first part of the study used the concept analysis approach developed by Walker and Avant(1983) to define the concept of supportive nursing care. The properties of supportive nursing care, defined by this analysis, included perception of supportive need, reciprocal interaction(Transaction), listening, providing empathy and information related to health, and confirmation of the patient's verbal and non - verbal response. The second part, the experimental part of the study, was done using King's(1970) Interpersonal Theory for Nursing. The concept, supportive nursing care, as defined in the concept analysis was operationalized and used as the experimental intervention. The experiment tested the effectiveness of the independent variable, supportive nursing care on the dependent variables, depression, mood and patient satisfaction, in the patients with low back pain in army hospitals. The instruments used to measure the dependent variables were Zung's(1965) Self- Rating Depression Scale, Ryman and Colleagues'(1974) Mood Questionnaire and LaMonica and Colleagues'(1986) Patient Satisfaction Scale. The experimental design used for this study was a Solomon 4 group experimental design. This design has the strength of allowing for observation of the main effects of supportive nursing care and pretesting, and for observation of the interaction effects of pretesting and supportive nursing care. The design includes one experimental group and three control groups. The Subjects of this study were 150 young male patients with low back pain on Neuro - Surgical Wards in three general army hospitals. There were 35 in the experimental group, 39 in the pre - posttest control group, 36 in the treatment - posttest control group and 40 in the posttest only control group. Supportive nursing care, as operationalized by the researcher according to the concept analysis, was given to the patients in the experimental group and the treatment -posttest control group, individually for 30 minute sessions, every other day for 5 days. Data collection was done using a questionnaire. The data were collected in a pretest one week before the supportive nursing care sessions, a posttest immediately after the sessions and follow- up test one week later. Hypotheses testing was done using 2×2 factorial analysis of variance and Meta analysis(Stouffer's Z method). The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Hypothesis Ⅰ, “There will be a difference on depression level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who do not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (F＝8.49, p＜.05). 2. Hypothesis Ⅱ, “There will be a difference on mood level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who to not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (Z meta＝2.17, p＜.05). 3. Hypothesis Ⅲ, “There will be a difference on satisfaction level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who do not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (F＝13.67, p＜.05). 4. ANOVA, done to examine the interaction effect of history and maturation, showed no significant difference on the dependent variables between the observations of the pretest scores of the experimental group, the pretest scores of the pre- posttest control group and the posttest score of the posttest only control group. 5. To test for continuing effect of supportive nursing care, paired t-test was done to compare the scores for the dependent variables at the posttest and at the one week later follow-up test. No significant difference on the scores for the dependent variables was found between the posttest scores and the follow-up test scores for the two groups that received supportive nursing care, the experimental group and the treatment-posttest control group. In conclusion, it was found that in the case of young soldiers with low back pain in army hospitals, their depression level was decreased, their mood state was changed positively and their satisfaction level was increased by receiving supportive nursing care. Further, the effectiveness of the supportive nursing care lasted for at least one week in this study. The significance of this study to nursing is in the analysis of the concept of supportive nursing care and the demonstration of the effectiveness of supportive nursing care as an intervention within the limits of the study.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.133-146
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• 2012

University dining services have received less attention than commercial food services or other institutional food services. Marketing practitioners and researchers recognize the major impact that perceived value has on consumer behavior. The mediating role of value has not been verified in relation to satisfaction in university dining establishments, including Korea. This study intends to investigate the relationships among value, satisfaction and revisit intention of university dining attributes. This study also examines whether university dining service attributes dimensions influence value. Further, this study verifies the role of value as a mediator in the formation of customer satisfaction and revisit intention. Structural Equation Modeling has been applied to the collected data from students of three universities in Korea. The study resulted in that university dining attributes, such as food, menu and convenience, positively affected value of the university dining services. Further analysis with examination of indirect effects confirmed the positive impact of value on satisfaction in university dining services. This study verified the mediating role of value on satisfaction as student's satisfaction is enhanced through the elevation of value of university food services. Enhanced satisfaction via value also led to improvement in revisit intention. This study contributes to the academia by verifying the mediating role of value in the formation of customer satisfaction in a university dining context. This study also offers practical implications to the industry, such as suggestions on developing strategies for value-added products and services to the university dining establishments. This value research for university dining services is also meaningful by triggering future research on market segmentation, product differentiation and positioning policies. In the long run, improving value and satisfaction with university dining services need to be realized to enhance overall college experiences and other competitive advantages, such as student recruitment and enrollment, student academic evaluations, and university reputation.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

Purpose: Organizational justice is not considered as objective variable, but considerably, it is the employee's perceptions about an organization. Since the last four decades, researchers endorsed the significant importance of organizational justice on motivation and work behaviours like turnover intentions, trust, motivation, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, in-role and organizational citizenship behaviour. Accordingly, scant literature is available on procedural justice - organizational citizenship behaviour via mediating role of leader-member exchange (LMX) in higher education context especially in Asian countries like Pakistan. Research Design, Data and Methodology: Cross - sectional study design was used and data was collected from the 452 permanent and contractual teaching faculty serving in different positions at private and public sector degree awarding institutes / universities accredited by Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. Mediated regression analysis, as proposed by Baron and Kenny (1986), was employed to address the research hypothesis. Results: Results showed that procedural justice and LMX was positively impacted on OCB and LMX also fully mediates the relationship of procedural justice and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB). Conclusion: The result indicated that LMX fully mediates the relationship of procedural justice and organizational citizenship behaviour.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.17-21
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• 2020

Purpose: This paper explores diverse issues related to the problem of women's unpaid domestic care work, and as a factor of gender inequality in their professional practice. Research Design: This article concentrated only on the analysis of secondary data available on the topic along with observation of facts in Kazakhstan based on diverse sources. In current conditions, the problem of women's unpaid domestic care work, and consequently, the lack of enough time and energy for professional employment. Distinguish domestic work vs. job/career/occupation, self-fulfillment, education, and leisure has a significant impact on women's life satisfaction. Data, and Methodology: This article focuses only on secondary data available in different sources from which the researchers procures comprehensive data and information. Results and conclusion: A family policy that aims to promote combining maternity, and domestic work with paid employment is an effective way to increase the proportion of working mothers/women. It is crucial to not only proportionally distribute the household responsibilities in the family but also to form an effective mechanism of state support for women through the development of the social services sector, as well as the adoption of a system-wide approach to gender equality.

• Architectural research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.11-16
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to scrutinize the effect of office layouts and ambient office sounds on the performance of office workers involved with a proof-reading test (simple task). Twenty subjects, who were professional researchers and computer programmers, were from three different office layouts: 1) Nine subjects from a combined office type with open meeting places and closed individual offices; 2) five from an open office with rectangular individual workstations, and 3) six from an open office with triangular individual workstations. Architects and consultants working in the field of office have reported from interviews and their own observations that occupants' satisfaction differs as their office layouts vary although the sizes are the same. This finding leads to the hypothesis of this experiment. Proof-reading test results were obtained from three different office layouts (combined office type, rectangular and triangular individual workstations in open offices) under two different sound conditions (quiet background sound and ambient sound of their own workplace) for 10 minutes. The test analysis shows the mean test score of subjects from the triangular individual workstations in open offices is significantly different from the mean test scores of subjects from the combined office type and the rectangular individual workstations in open offices.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.409-426
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• 2018

This study explores the effect of moral identity on attitude toward and purchase intention of upcycled fashion products by comparing purchasers and non-purchasers. Data from 127 purchasers and 307 non-purchasers collected through a survey was analyzed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, model invariance check, and multiple-group comparison tests using Amos 23.0. Results indicate consumers with purchase experiences of upcycled fashion products showed a higher level of moral identity (internalization and symbolization), positive attitude toward upcycled fashion products, and purchase intention than did consumers with no purchase experience. In model tests, internalization affected attitude toward purchasing upcycled fashion products, whereas symbolization affected purchase intention, regardless of purchase experience. The effect of symbolization on purchase intention was consistent with prior studies focusing on charity behaviors that are highly visible to others. These findings demonstrate that fashion products are visible and symbolic, so it should be carefully considered in ethical consumption studies. From these results, researchers may obtain insights on the process of how consumers apply moral identity to their purchase intention regarding upcycled fashion products. Likewise, marketers may enhance satisfaction of consumers with a high level of symbolization by putting special tags and logos that clearly highlight the products' upcycled nature.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.987-1000
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• 2021

The concept of 'Employer branding' (EB) - one effective and sustainable strategy to attract and retain talent - has received a lot of attention from researchers and business managers. This concept becomes more meaningful when the 'war of talent' takes place in an extremely fierce manner in Vietnam as well as around the world. However, this concept is rather new; as a result, many points related to 'EB' scales should be improved, especially in Vietnamese context. Therefore, this study focuses on developing and confirming the EB scale in the context of Vietnam. Based on EB theory, this research applies the mixed research method: qualitative methods (expert interview and group discussion) and quantitative method (questionnaire survey of 937 respondents). EB is demonstrated to be a quadratic concept, consisting of the following 10 dimensions: Corporate social responsibility (CSR), Promotion (PRO), Work-Life Balance Satisfaction (WLSA), Education (EDU), Behavior-based Family interference with work (WLBE), Travel opportunities (TRA), Time-based work interference with family (WLTI), Teamwork (GRO), Supporting (SUP), and Strain-based family interference with work (WLST) with 58 observed variables. Based on the survey towards the employees in enterprises and organizations in Vietnam, the analysis results affirm that this scale ensures efficiency, reliability, unidirectionality and convergent values.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1798-1813
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• 2021

This paper proposes a positive experience design approach for Internet of Things (IoT) intelligent products to improve users' subjective well-being in the fields of artificial intelligence and big data. First, the authors selected six target users and taking the Xiaomi IoT intelligent products for the research objects and conducted a thorough observation on how the target users used IoT intelligent products in their own homes over two weeks via a home-visiting interview, group diary, and focus group. Second, they constructed an individual activities table for the participants' IoT intelligent product experience using a hierarchical task analysis (HTA). Third, two researchers sorted out the sub-tasks of happiness in the HTA table. Finally, the authors found the positive experience design approach of IoT intelligent products. The positive experience design approach of IoT intelligent products is proposed from focusing on the personal pleasure experience to individual life meaningful design and group social relationship design, including individual pleasure experience, personal goal realization, group needs satisfaction and the harmony of group relations. The paper uses the two design examples of an interactive kettle and a harmonious chair to further discuss the feasibility of the design approach. In the era of big data, it is helpful for designers to use this design approach to improve the users' sense of sustainable pleasure, achievement perception of their future goal realization, and the well-being of the group's social relationships.