• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.314-325
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• 2013

Background: Stem cell research competition is accelerating globally since President Obama signed an executive order, repealing Bush-era policy that limited use of federal tax dollars for embryonic stem cell research. Methods: In this paper, we conducted a comparative analysis of stem cell research policy changes in three countries, including the Human Fertilisation Embryology Act (HFEA) of UK, executive order 13,505 (removing barriers to responsible scientific research involving human stem cells) of USA, and Bioethics and Safety Act of South Korea. Debates on stem cell research are based on conflicts of fundamental beliefs that exist in the supporting and opposing coalitions. We compared regional characteristics of the advocacy coalitions in three countries and presented various factors that might be related to the policy changes. Results: The UK government, parliament, and the HFEA have sought expert consultations and public opinions to establish guidelines. UK has made social consensus through continued discussion for a long time. US President's veto power was one strongest factors influencing policy. South Korean policy was influenced by public opinion and policy brokers. Also, South Korea has not made social consensus. UK had a strong leadership and strong adjustment of coalitions but US and South Korea had not. Dr. Hwang's scandal has had one of the greatest impacts on policy decision in South Korea. Conclusion: The power of public opinion was critical in all three countries. In particular, the influence of public opinion was noticeable in South Korea. Also it turned out that in US and South Korea, the presence of a policy broker who could pursue his or her goals was the most powerful factor among the advocacy coalition factors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.167-182
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• 2003

Basic research is becoming more important in knowledge-based economy. In Korea, government's research policy has been enforcing applied research and development for economic growth rather than basic research. But, in 21st century, Korea's catch-up policy in science and technology arrived its limit. Without creative knowledge, we cannot expect national competitiveness. Therefore, we have to reform our research policy for national competitiveness. The directions are as follows; first, strengthening basic research, especially use-inspired basic research. Second, enlarging individual research program rather than group research program. Third, encouraging universities' specification through research grant review criteria. Fourth, beginning a new program for supporting regional universities' competitiveness.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.70-84
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• 2015

The paper discusses technology platforms as an instrument of science, technology and innovation policy in light of their use in industrial R&D. The authors assert that the technology platforms approach as a policy concept refects special organizational and institutional features learned from industrial technology platforms. The characteristics of industrial technology platforms are reviewed, and their impact on the organization of research, development and innovation activities in companies is explored. Second, the industrial technology platform is examined in the context of European Technology Platforms and the recent initiative for technology platforms in Russia. Finally, the technology platform concept implications for the STI policy context are discussed.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.257-287
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to develop a desirable government policy for attracting highly skilled professional foreign human resources. To achieve the purpose, following research methods were pursued; 1) a review on the current status of government policy on highly qualified foreign professionals, 2) case studies on foreign governments' policy on the issue, 3) a survey over Korean firms which are employing foreign high-tech professionals. Based on above research results, policy suggestions for the Korean government are recommended as follows: formulating a basic framework of the government policy to attract foreign high-tech professionals, revising the nonimmigrant visa policy for foreign professionals, collecting and distributing personnel data of foreign applicants for jobs In Korea, developing external and internal public relations, revising the method of supporting small and medium-sized firms, taking a systematic approach to attract korean-American scientists, redesigning sponsorship programs for inviting world famous scholars and scientists, increasing global joint research projects, facilitating favorable infrastructure for foreign engineers and scientists.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.216-223
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• 2007

The present carbon-based energy system will not last long due to its environmental and economical drawbacks. Hydrogen energy attracts more attention recently and seems to have large ripple effect on economy providing its technical, environmental and economical problems are solved. This paper analyses the situation changed from fossil to non-fossil energy system and the R&D policies of advanced countries by reviewing the world energy status and the energy policy of foreign countries. Finally, the R&D strategy of hydrogen energy technology was developed through analyzing the present states of energy research policy and programs of major countries.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.382-410
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• 2018

We have identified the paradigm, the knowledge structure, and the roles of S&T policy studies in Korea by empirical analysis and focus group interviews. First, it provisionally concluded that S&T policy studies in Korea are still in the pre-paradigm stage. Specifically, the level of consensus among scholars about the "academic definition of discipline" and "research scope", which is essential for an independent discipline, is still low. Next, a great part of the existing S&T policy studies in Korea is excessively weighted in specific research scopes and researcher groups. For a balanced development as an academic discipline, such imbalance must be overcome. Third, the studies in Korea showed that much of the research in the earlier stage was fragmented at the micro-level. More recently, however, S&T policy studies show co-evolutionary patterns, which increase the responsiveness of the society. Based on this analysis, the future direction of studies should form a unique flow of our own, building Korean policy cases and models rather than following those developed countries.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.316-329
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• 2021

This study explores the role of the think tank as an intermediary organization in the open innovation system. Think tank has contributed to the policy process as a mediator between government and public and as a symbolic entity of intellectual innovation to produce knowledge to the public. As the innovation system matures, one of the major challenges in research and practice is the openness and collaboration in the science, technology, and innovation system. While previous literature highlighted the think tank as the knowledge arbitrager transforming ideas into policy issues, few studies address the research questions: Is the conventional role of the think tank still persistent in the open innovation system? What are the demanding roles? This paper tackles these questions by reviewing the current role of the South Korean think tank in the science & technology sector. Based on the open innovation framework, we suggest that think tanks need to play a bigger role as policy entrepreneurs, crossing policy borders and interacting with other partners.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.354-355
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• 2009

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.358-394
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• 2016

In Korea, co-utilization of research equipments has been low, even though co-utilization policies for them have been implemented for a long time. This situation results because the policy formation and implementation for the co-utilization of research equipments have been conducted from the perspectives of the policy maker not from those of the researchers and equipment managers. Therefore, this work has been conducted for analyzing the current state of co-utilization of research equipments as well as for discussing the future developments of its more co-utilization in the basic research programs by adopting the bottom approach in policy implementation theory. The research shows that firstly principal investigators, especially professors in universities, have placed a relatively low priority on the co-utilization of research equipments, secondly implementation resources such as high quality technicians and affordable budget for co-utilization are scare, thirdly incentives for the activation of co-utilization in the stage of daily operation of research equipments are lacking. As a result, the study tries to develop a more economic means and information tools for the promotion of co-utilization of research equipments in the perspectives of bottom-up approach in policy implementation theory.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.29-39
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• 2010

Science, technology, society and humanities (STSH) fusion research is aimed at creating new research areas and methods that can resolve complicated issues in society that cannot be solved by a single academic discipline. This study identifies initiatives that can promote STSH fusion research in Korea. We review the definition and characteristics of STSH fusion research to analyze the necessity of STSH fusion research with a focus on the structural changes in the S&T environment. The emergence and diffusion of generic technologies, transition to post catch-up innovation mode, and the evolution of policy to the third generation innovation policy are identified as notable changes. This paper briefly reviews the status of fusion research underway and presents initiatives to promote STSH fusion research.