• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.361-365
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• 2016

This study was conducted to isolate and identify a microorganism that increases tricin-O-(threo-${\beta}$-guaiacylglyceryl) ether (TTGE) content in the hulls of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Bacteria from germinated rice were isolated by enrichment cultivation using yeast mold, luria bertani, potato dextrose and mannitol egg york polymyxin broths. The highest increase in TTGE content ($339.30{\mu}g/g$) was achieved by a microorganism isolated by PDA enrichment cultivation. On the basis of 16S RNA sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis, the isolated bacterium was identified to have 100% similarity with Burkholderia vietnamiensis. The isolated bacteria were short rods, negative for the Gram stain, and positive for the catalase test. The highest TTGE level was $435.86{\mu}g/g$ in 72-h fermented samples, representing a 2.5x increase compared with the control ($175.65{\mu}g/g$). In conclusion, the bacterium isolated from germinated rice extract was Burkholderia vietnamiensis, and the optimum fermentation period to maximize TTGE levels was 72 h. These findings might help in developing functional materials using rice hulls, a waste product of rice milling.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.626-635
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• 2015

Along with the social interests and needs for health, the U-Healthcare Service as a new model to control individual dietary life and to prevent chronic diseases is now drawing the public attention. In this study, the characteristics of the requirement of U-Healthcare Service were investigated from subjects aged over 50 years old. As parts of the expectation to the U-Healthcare service, the customized clinical care & control (37.7%) and the systematic understanding of individual health state (21.4%) appeared significantly. And for the application of the U-Healthcare Service to the field of healthcare, the control of dietotherapy (43.9%) appeared higher than anything else and thus the customized service for individual dietotherapy seemed to be needed. Regarding the field of searching for health information, the disease control (35.6%), food materials (28.6%), and recipe for health foods (22.7%) appeared in sequence and revealed that the majority over 50% of subjects were interested in foods. The requirements for the information of dietary formula were also investigated through 5 points scaled questionnaires on respective topics of nutritive components, menus customized for corresponding health states (diseases), and the results obtained from surveys on respective topics all showed the needs for all information by representing each point value exceeded 3.9. Through the results obtained from this study, the provision of customized information enabling the nutritional control in accordance with individual states of health or disease was estimated to be needed for the popularization of U-Healthcare Service providing contents for dietary life of clients especially those of aged over 50 years.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.186-194
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• 2014

Purpose: Process management is the activity which manages all procedure of construction by representing visually interrelation of operation or sequence setting. The purpose of this study was for reducing treatment period and higher efficiency of treatment through application of PERT/CPM (Program Evaluation & Review Technique/Critical Path Method) in dental clinic. Materials and methods: The patients were selected for study who needed more than 2 departments' cooperation for prosthodontic treatment in Wonkwang Dental University Hospital. Control group is composed of the patient's whole treatment plan, treatment period, numbers of hospital visit, treatment costs, treatment results. On the other hand, experiment group contains the patient's virtual treatment data based on PERT/CPM technique. We applied PERT/CPM in operation analysis. Results: Treatment period, numbers of hospital visit was decreased as 18.1% and 15.3% when we applied operation analysis based on charts. Also treatment cost in experiment group was 0.9% economized compared with control group's treatment cost. Conclusion: Application of PERT/CPM in dental clinic can achieve reliable treatment and reduced treatment period and establish plan of minimum treatment cost.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.81-85
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• 1989

The 113 soils representing the Jisan soil series (fine loamy, mixed, mesic fluventic Haplaquepts) as mapped in Korea were to characterize the Jisan soil throughout its official range which was the range of properties used to establish series limits. The samples were stratified according to master horizon designation for statistical analysis. The means in selected soil properties, horizon thickness, solum thickness, soil texture, clay content, pH, BSP, and horizon sequence, were within acceptable limits. The minimum values were considerably lower than the lower limits of the official ranges while the maximum values were above the allowable amount. The ranges of definition degree which mean the test of proper placement of any marginal limits were 0.687 to 0.929. Thus, Jisan series as mapped from other soil bodies in the field could be seen similarities and understood relationships among individuals.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.1535-1541
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• 2018

Objective: In birds, three types of melatonin receptors (MTNR1A, MTNR1B, and MTNR1C) have been cloned. Previous researches have showed that three melatonin receptors played an essential role in reproduction and ovarian physiology. However, the association of polymorphisms of the three receptors with duck reproduction traits and egg quality traits is still unknown. In this test, we chose MTNR1A, MTNR1B, and MTNR1C as candidate genes to detect novel sequence polymorphism and analyze their association with egg production traits in Shaoxing duck, and detected their mRNA expression level in ovaries. Methods: In this study, a total of 785 duck blood samples were collected to investigate the association of melatonin receptor genes with egg production traits and egg quality traits using a direct sequencing method. And 6 ducks representing two groups (3 of each) according to the age at first eggs (at 128 days of age or after 150 days of age) were carefully selected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Seven novel polymorphisms (MTNR1A: g. 268C>T, MTNR1B: g. 41C>T, and g. 161T>C, MTNR1C: g. 10C>T, g. 24A>G, g. 108C>T, g. 363 T>C) were detected. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of MTNR1A (g. 268C>T) was significantly linked with the age at first egg (p<0.05). And a statistically significant association (p<0.05) was found between MTNR1C g.108 C>T and egg production traits: total egg numbers at 34 weeks old of age and age at first egg. In addition, the mRNA expression level of MTNR1A in ovary was significantly higher in late-mature group than in early-mature group, while MTNR1C showed a contrary tendency (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that identified SNPs in MTNR1A and MTNR1C may influence the age at first egg and could be considered as the candidate molecular marker for identify early maturely traits in duck selection and improvement.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2013

The presence of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) has previously been reported in citrus growing regions of Turkey. All serologically and biologically characterized isolates including I$\breve{g}$d${\i}$r, which was the first identified CTV isolates from Turkey, were considered mild isolates. In this study, molecular characteristics of the I d r isolate were determined by different methods. Analysis of the I$\breve{g}$d${\i}$r isolate by western blot and BD-RT-PCR assays showed the presence of MCA13 epitope, predominantly found in severe isolates, in the I$\breve{g}$d${\i}$r isolate revealing that it contains a severe component. For further characterization, the coat protein (CP) and the RNA-depen-dent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes representing the 3' and 5' half of CTV genome, respectively, were amplified from dsRNA by RT-PCR. Both genes were cloned separately and two clones for each gene were sequenced. Comparisons of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences showed that while two CP gene sequences were identical, two RdRp clones showed only 90% and 91% sequence identity in their nucleotide and amino acid sequences, respectively, suggesting a mixed infection with different strains. Phylogenetic analyses of the CP and RdRp genes of I$\breve{g}$d${\i}$r isolate with previously characterized CTV isolates from different citrus growing regions showed that the CP gene was clustered with NZRB-TH30, a resistance breaking isolate from New Zealand, clearly showing the presence of severe component. Furthermore, two different clones of the RdRp gene were clustered separately with different CTV isolates with a diverse biological activity. While the RdRp-1 was clustered with T30 and T385, two well-characterized mild isolates from Florida and Spain, respectively, the RdRp-2 was most closely related to NZRB-G90 and NZRB-TH30, two well-characterized resistance breaking and stem pitting (SP) isolates from New Zealand confirming the mixed infection. These results clearly demonstrated that the I$\breve{g}$d${\i}$r isolate, which was previously described as biologically a mild isolate, actually contains a mixture of mild and severe strains.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 1993

The Ulsan Fe-W deposit, which can be classified as a calcareous skarn deposit, is represented by ore pipe consisting principally of magnetite and lesser amounts of scheelite with minor sulphides, sulphosaits, arsenides, sulpharsenides, etc. At Ulsan mine, metasomatic processes of skarn growth may be divided broadly into two stages based on the paragenetic sequence of calc-silicate minerals and their chemical composition; early and late skarn stages. Early stage has started with the formation of highly calcic assemblages of wollastonite, diopsidic clinopyroxene and nearly pure grossular, which are followed by the formation of clinopyroxenes with salite to ferrosalite composition and grandite garnets with intermediate composition. Based on these calc-silicate assemblages, the temperatures of early skarn formations have been in the ranges of $550^{\circ}$ to $450^{\circ}$. The calc-silicate assemblages formed during the earlier half period of late skarn stage show the enrichment of notable iron and slight manganese, and the depletion of magnesium; clinopyroxenes are hedenbergitic, and grandite garnets are andraditic. The formation temperatures during this skarn stage are inferred to have been in the range of $430^{\circ}$ to $470^{\circ}C$ at low $X_{CO_2}$ by data from fluid inclusions of late andraditic garnets. The later half period of late skarn stage is characterized by the hydrous alteration of pre-existing minerals and the formation of hydrous silicates. The main iron-tungsten mineralization representing prominent deposition of magnetite immediately followed by minor scheelite impregnation has taken place at the middle of early skarn stage, while complex polymetallic mineralization has proceeded during and after the late skarn stage. Various metals and semimetals of Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Pb and Bi have been in various states such as native metal, sulphides, arsenides, sulphosaits, sulpharsenides and tellurides.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.59-78
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• 2005

This study aims to know the deferences of hair fashion feeling group in accordance with hair styling activities, general characteristics, life styles objecting to capital area university women students and aid to hair fashion design. So the results are as belows. 1. Frequency Analysis of Categories A. Hair fashion feeling - Natural, sexy, romantic pretty, sophisticate, ethnic are 90% in total hair fashion feeling variables in sequence of frequency, so it can be said these are in vogue. B. Hair styling activities - The objections visit the hair salon once 1-2months, spend about 42,000 won a month, perform cut & wave perm to sentimental reasens & hair style changes, determine the hair style well coordinated in her image and managed easily. In her home, they manage her hair style 12 minutes a day, spend 17,000 won to buy hair aids, do hair blow dry or pin or pony tail mainly in the morning, scarcely use the hair styling aids but if use, essence or wax mainly. And the degree of interest to hair style is high. C. General Characteristics - The objections's average age is 21.1, residence is seoul kangnam 23.3%, seoul kangbook 18.4%, other capital areas 58.4%, the degree of education is university students 94.9%, graduated student 5.1%, marriage is married 96%, unmarried 2.8%, family who live with is married are mainly man & woman and living with father & mother in low in man's, unmarried are mainly live alone & nuclear family, personal expenses a month is 300,000 won in average, income of home is 4,000,000 won a month. D. Life style - The objections are not in interest of physical exercises but if are, do yoga & health, like drama & comedies program, watch TV or meet friend in leisure time, like balad & dance music, fashion magazine, meet friend in cafe or college. 2. Relationship of hair fashion feeling & other variables Using the $x^2$-test, level p<0.05, Hair styling activities(frequency of hair salon coming in and out, ordinary time representing hair style, preferred hair styling aids, the amount of hair style interest), General Characteristics(age), Life style(leisure time) variables are meaningful.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

DNA sequences of nrITS regions obtained from 49 accessions representing 12 species and one variety within the section Adonanthe of the genus Adonis were analyzed to test the previous intra-sectional classification system and to determine their phylogenetic relationships. The results showed that the seven accessions of A. amurensis Regel et Radde included in the present study did not form a monophyletic group, as some of the accessions showed a close relationship with the Japanese endemic species A. ramosa Franch., which implies that the current species delimitation and identification of A. amurensis is problematic. Adonis pseudoamurensis W. T. Wang, which is frequently misidentified as A. ramosa in Korea, formed a segregated group, which suggests that they should not be considered as conspecific taxa. Accessions from A. shikokuensis Nishikawa et Koji Ito, A. multiflora Nishikawa et Koji Ito, and A. pseudoamurensis formed a clade, but monophyly of each species was not evident. The nrITS data did not support the classification system proposed by Wang, who classified sect. Adonanthe into four series, as most of these were found to be either polyphyletic or paraphyletic.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.219-227
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• 2005

Purpose: Abnormalities in the p53 gene are regarded as the most consistent genetic abnormalities detected in head and neck squamous cell carcinogenesis. Two new members of the p53 gene family, p73 and p63 have recently been identified. They share considerable sequence homology with p53 in the transactivation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains, indicating possible involvement in carcinogenesis. Disruption of the homeostatic balance between proliferation and apoptosis is widely believed to contribute to human oral carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to analyze expression of p63 in squamous cell carcinogenesis and to compare with immunochemical markers representing cell proliferation and apoptosis. Materials and Methods: Using the Syrian hamster oral cancer model, the fraction of apoptotic (apoptotic index-AI), proliferating (mitotic index-MI) and p63 expressing keratinocytes were examined at normal, dysplastic and malignant oral epithelium using the TUNEL assay, PCNA and p63 immunostaining. Results: p63 significantly increased between normal and dysplastic epithelium and between dysplastic and malignant epithelium. PCNA significantly increased between normal and dysplastic epithelium and between normal and malignant epithelium. However, increase between dysplastic and malignant epithelium, though still increasing, was not statistically significant. The percentage of TUNEL positive cells increased from normal to dysplastic epithelium and returned to normal keratinocyte level in the malignant epithelium. However, differences between tissue types were not significant. The ratio of MI:AI increased significantly only in the dysplastic-malignant epithelial transition. The increase of p63 expression closely reflected the change in the MI:AI ratio during oral carcinogenesis. Conclusion: The p63 may be associated with the regulation of epithelial proliferation and apoptosis in DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch squamous cell carcinogenesis. Further study is required to investigate which p63 isoforms are involved in hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.