• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2020

Through 3D seepage analysis of pressure relief well installed on the embankment of agricultural reservoir, the effects of reducing pore water pressure and hydraulic gradient, and increasing piping safety, depending on diameter (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 m) and space (10, 25, 50 m) of relief well, were analyzed. The conclusions drawn through this study are as follows. i) At the location of pressure relief well, pore water pressure decreases by 25.3~62.5%, and hydraulic gradient decreases by 22.4~55.7%. ii) Between relief wells, pore water pressure decreases by 2.7~40.3%, and hydraulic gradient decreases by 2.8~47.0%, which are relatively less than at the cross section of installed location of relief well. iii) Piping safety factor by critical hydraulic gradient increases by 28.9~125.6% at the location of relief well and increases by 2.9~88.8% between relief wells. iv) Seepage analysis needs to be performed by the 3D method to make evaluation of seepage at the location of relief well and between relief wells possible. v) Additional evaluation is required for various conditions such as waterhead, engineering characteristics of embankment body and its foundation, location, diameter, spacing and depth of pressure relief well.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 감압정의 침투수 처리 효과를 정량적으로 분석하여 소규모 필댐과 하천제방에서 제체를 통과하는 침투수의 처리 효과를 확인하였다. 이를 위해 댐과 제방에서의 제체와 기초지반의 투수 특성에 따른 침투해석을 수행하여 침투수의 거동특성을 파악하여 댐 제체 선단에 작용하는 양압력을 분석하였다. 또한 감압정의 설치 조건을 변수로 분석하여 댐 또는 제방의 제체 선단에 작용하는 양압력의 감소 효과를 분석함으로써 침투수 처리 효과를 분석하였다. 감압정은 파이핑 현상 또는 양압력을 유발하는 제체의 선단 하부 기초지반에서의 작용 간극수압을 감소시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 평가되었으며, 제체의 높이 및 비탈면 기울기와 같은 기하학적 조건에 크게 영향을 받지 않고 간극수압을 관리할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 투수성이 상대적으로 큰 조립토 지반에 비해 세립토 지반에서 감압정의 간극수압 저감 효과는 상대적으로 저하되지만 감압정이 설치되지 않은 조건에 비해서 간극수압 저감 효과를 기대할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 감압정의 직경, 설치 깊이에 따라서 감압정의 저감 효과는 상대적으로 차이가 발생하지만 감압정의 설치 깊이가 침투수 관리에 가장 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2007

Reverse engineering of reliefs aims to turn an existing relief superimposed on an underlying surface into a geometric model which may be applied to a different base surface. Steps in this process include segmenting the relief from the background, and describing it as an offset height field relative to the underlying surface. We have previously considered relief segmentation using a geometric snake. Here, we show how to use this initial segmentation to estimate the background surface lying under the relief, which can be used (i) to refine the segmentation and (ii) to express the relief as an offset field. Our approach fits a B-spline surface patch to the measured background data surrounding the relief, while tension terms ensure this background surface smoothly continues underneath the relief where there are no measured background data points to fit. After making an initial estimate of relief offset height everywhere within the patch, we use a support vector machine to refine the segmentation. Tests demonstrate that this approach can accurately model the background surface where it underlies the relief, providing more accurate segmentation, as well as relief height field estimation. In particular, this approach provides significant improvements for relief concavities with narrow mouths and can segment reliefs with small internal holes.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2020

감압정은 소규모 필댐과 같은 소규모 댐에서 침투수 관리에 효과가 있다고 보고되고 있지만 감압정의 효과에 대한 정량적인 연구는 드물고 설계기준 또한 전무한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 소규모 필댐의 침투수 처리 효과를 정량적으로 분석하고자 댐 제체와 기초지반의 조건에 따른 침투해석을 수행하여 침투수의 거동특성을 파악함으로써, 댐 제체 선단에 작용하는 양압력을 분석하였다. 감압정의 설치 여부에 따라 댐 하류부 제체 선단의 기초지반에 작용하는 양압력의 감소 효과를 분석하였으며, 분석결과 감압정은 기초지반에서 파이핑 및 제체 활동을 유발시킬 수 있는 간극수압을 저감시키는데 효과가 있는 것을 확인하였다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.7-24
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• 2012

The Buddhist cave temple carved into the rock provides a large space for the ritual in general in which a structure of Stupa is built in the center of the space purely for religious worship empty of Sarira, and the temple is formed around this Stupa. Relief-Stupa of the cave temple indicates the similar shape that of Relief-religious worship of flat land temple. However, there appears a small difference in representation since the background of formation of the cave temple differs in that of flat land temple. Specially, Caitya Stupa of currently existing cave temples have been damaged to lose of their original shape only possible to be analyzed the stylistic development through Relief-Stupa from which the characteristic of Stupa could be understood. The early cave temple could be characterized with a balanced structure consists of upturn bowl, steeple stone with simple drum & Hamikawasnagae, in which it appears strongly the detail factor characteristics of drum & steeple of having system with Caitya Stupa. In the post cave temple, the subject of worship moved to statue of Buddha due to the influence of Gandhara, Mathura art which reduced the importance of Stupa. This illustrates in Relief-stupa as well the style change as well as changes in detail factor. The sculpture appeared at the limited location either the wall of Caitya shrine or pillar in vihara cave with stronger decorative meaning. Contrast to the Relief Stupa of early flat land temples or the cave temples mentioned above sculptured with symbolism, however, the post cave temple showed the relief structure based on the plan of flat plan.

• 기술사
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.104-114
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• 1997

Throughout the practical process engineering design and commissioning 8E startup experiences focused on chemical process safety, the review of design and installation of the thermal relief valve with its surrounding facility in a chemical plant piping system is made to help the better understanding of the piping system of characteristics of thermal relief valve which Is consisting of theoretical approach, correlation in terms of temperature and pressure increase caused by external heat supply in a piping system, consideration of thermal relief valve design, pressure relieving system of serial thermal relief valves and exception of their installation. It is earnestly recommended that following topic should be implemented during thermal relief valve design, installation and normal operation as well.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2006

Based on the practical process engineering design and commissioning and startup operation experiences focused on chemical process safety, the comprehensive review of engineering design and installation of the thermal relief valve with its surrounding facility in a chemical plant piping system is provided to enhance the better understanding of the piping system of characteristics of thermal relief valve which is comprised of the theoretical approach, correlation in terms of temperature and pressure increase caused by external heat supply in a piping system, consideration of thermal relief valve engineering design, pressure relieving system of serial thermal relief valves and exception of their installation. It is earnestly suggested that following topic should be implemented during thermal relief valve engineering design, installation and normal operation as well.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

With a steep increase of the global disaster relief efforts around the world, the relief supply chain and humanitarian logistics play an important role to address this issue. A broad overview of operations research ranges from a principle or conceptual framework to analytical methodology and case study applied in this field. In this paper, we provide an overview of this challenging research area with emphasis on the corresponding optimization problems. The scope of this study begins with classification by the stage of the disaster lifecycle system. The characteristics of each optimization problem for the disaster supply chain are considered in detail as well as the logistics features. We found that the papers related to disaster relief can be grouped in three aspects in terms of logistics attributes: facility location, distribution model, and inventory model. Furthermore, the literature also analyzes objectives and solution algorithms proposed in each optimization model in order to discover insights, research gaps and findings. Finally, we offer future research directions based on our findings from the investigation of literature review.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2018

The rural areas are large residential space with fewer people than urban areas. That is why they are vulnerable to social services such as health care and security. This research analyzed the vulnerability of emergency relief service in rural village through text mining and the weighting value have been calculated. Based on the calculated statistics data, the police facilities are the most important, While the fire fighting and hospital facilities are important as well. In addition, the distance from the emergency relief service facility to the rural village was confirmed by using Open API. By combining these results, The vulnerable areas of the rural villages and the emergency relief service facilities were calculated and classified into 5 levels. For rural areas, the 1st class will have 33 places, following by 1,179 in 2nd class, 199 in 3rd class, 17 in 4th class and 8 in 5th class. Hence in order to further supplement the vulnerable areas to emergency relief service in villages, geographical relocation and policy approach of emergency relief service facilities are necessary.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2008

This study investigated social relief schemes for serious adverse drug reactions in foreign countries and deduced lessons and implications for Korea to implement the scheme. A social relief scheme for serious adverse drug reactions provides reliefs for diseases and such health effects as disabilities or deaths that were caused by adverse reactions to pharmaceuticals prescribed at hospitals and clinics as well as those purchased at pharmacies notwithstanding their proper use. The US and the UK do not have specific relief schemes for adverse drug reactions but apply rules of strict liability or negligence. New Zealand and Nordic countries provide no-fault compensation schemes for health effects or injuries caused by medical treatments or medicinal products. Japan and Taiwan have operated the schemes since 1980 and 2000, respectively. In designing the scheme in Korea, we suggested that cases eligible for relief be confined to serious adverse reactions such as death or disability and then extended to diseases. It is desirable to encourage the reporting system of adverse drug reactions and quality use of medicines for the relief scheme to work efficiently.