• The Mathematical Education
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.407-434
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop and verify the TPACK measurement tool for middle and high school mathematics teachers in the Korean context. Also, by clarifying the relationship between subordinate factors of Mathematics teachers' TPACK, an attempt was made to provide suggestions on the designs and directions for the in-service and pre-service teacher education and the programs for improving mathematics teachers' TPACK in the future. In order to achieve this goal, TPACK factors of mathematics teachers were extracted by reviewing literature on PCK, MKT, and TPACK. Then, content validity, basic statistical survey, reliability verification, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model verification were conducted sequentially. At first, preliminary analysis was carried out on 79 mathematics teachers, and 76 items excluding the items with extreme value and reliability were included in the basic statistical analysis. And secondly, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 376 mathematics teachers, and this instrument consisted of 7 subordinate factors(CK, PK, TK, PCK, TCK, TPK, TPACK) and 61 items. Also by conducting confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model test with 254 mathematics teachers, the measurement tool was confirmed the validity and reliability through statistically significant analysis. Then, the importance of integrated knowledge was confirmed by looking at the relationship between the TPACK factors of in-service mathematics teachers. The integrated knowledge(PCK, TCK, TPK) has played a crucial role in the formation of TPACK rather than the knowledge of CK, PK, and TK alone. Finally, the validity of TCK was confirmed through the structural equation modeling of TPACK. TCK not only directly affected TPACK, but also indirectly through TPK. According to these affirmative results, this measurement tool is claimed to be suitable for measuring the factors of Mathematics teachers' TPACK, and also the structural equation model can be regarded as a suitable model for analyzing the structural relationship of mathematics teachers' TPACK.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.16-24
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• 2009

This study suggested a theoretical research system on the effects of corporate social responsibility in the foodservice industry upon perceived service quality. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 509 customers and the data were analysed by frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The primary results are as follows - Three corporate social responsibility (CSR) factors were obtained - economic responsibility, legal.ethical responsibility and philanthropic responsibility. In addition, five factors were obtained from the factor analysis of perceived service quality - tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the CSR factors and the customers' perceived service quality factors. Multiple regression analysis, to verify the hypothesis, showed that CSR in the foodservice industry had a significant influence upon customers' perceived service quality; therefore, the research hypothesis was adopted. CSR, which had an effect on tangibility out of the minutely-perceived service quality factors, was indicated in the order of economic responsibility, legal ethical responsibility and philanthropic responsibility. Responsiveness, reliability, and assurance were influenced by legal ethical responsibility, economic responsibility and philanthropic responsibility, respectively, in order. Also, empathy was surveyed to be influenced by legal ethical responsibility, philanthropic responsibility and economic responsibility in order. Consequently, customers' evaluations of perceived service quality may be inferred to have positive effects when the customer recognizes whether the foodservice company performs social responsibility.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.97-122
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to develop and validate measures of a mother's reaction to children's negative emotions. After construct factors of a mother's reaction to children's negative emotions based on the theoretical basis and existing scales were explored, the first preliminary items were extracted. After the content validity was confirmed by expert opinions, the second preliminary items were composed, and the initial survey was carried out. Using exploratory factor analysis, three principal factors and 21 items were revealed to be most suitable. The factors of the scale consist of emotion-coaching-reactions, oversensitive reactions, and emotion-minimizing-reactions, respectively. In addition, the reliability analysis and validation analysis of the scale was conducted, by means of surveying 413 elementary students. The internal coherence reliability and test-retest reliability were verified as was the general internal coherence and timing stability of the scale. There were three additional verifications to validate the scale. (1)For the evidence based on internal structure, the confirmatory factor analysis and convergent-discriminant evidence; this resulted in confirming the factor structure of the scale as being reliable. (2)In order to understand the relationships to other variables, the correlation analysis came in effect to the overall scale and each of its sub-factors, showing that they are significantly correlated with the scale of the child's perception on rearing attitudes of the mother. (3)As for evidence based on the consequences of the test, the correlation analysis produced a result showed that sub-factors of the scale have as significant correlation with the child's emotional intelligence and resilience.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.75-81
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• 2021

The purpose of this research is to derive and evaluate priorities for critical factors that must be determined before an enterprise adopts a cloud computing service. AHP analysis techniques were used to reflect decisions made by experts as research methods. AHP is a decision-making technique that expresses complex decision-making problems hierarchically and derives the best alternatives through pairwise comparison between the items of the hierarchy. Compared to the existing statistical decision making techniques, the decision making process is systematic and simple, making it easy to understand. In addition, the procedure is also reasonable by providing an indicator to determine the consistency of the decision maker in the analysis process. The analysis results of this research showed that security was the first priority, reliability was the second priority, and economic efficiency was the third priority. Among the factors in the first-priority security items, the access control rights and the safety factors of external threats are the most important factors. Research results can be used as a guideline in future practice, and it is necessary to evaluate, compare and analyze the satisfaction of companies that have adopted cloud computing services in the future.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.25-43
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• 2020

Purpose The purpose of this study is to gradually increase the use of O2O services in recent years. It is a part of our daily lives, and accommodation/leisure is a part of the growing use of O2O services. Based on various prior research related to O2O service, the Commission intends to establish the justification and necessity of empirical research and to establish the relationship between O2O service impact factors and practical value, customer satisfaction and reuse intention. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzed what factors affected the intention of re-use of domestic accommodation O2O services. This research model was proposed based on the preceding research paper, and reliability, diversity, economics, leisure, safety and personalization were used as independent variables, practical value and customer satisfaction are parameters, and reuse intent is composed of dependent variables. Within the last year, users of domestic accommodation applications were selected as users who used domestic accommodation applications more than once, and data of domestic accommodation application users were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs. Findings The results of this study show that economic efficiency, safety and personalization have significant effects on practical values in the relationship between O2O service impact factors and their impact on practical values. On the other hand, reliability, diversity and leisure were found to have no significant impact on practical values. In terms of O2O service impact factors and their impact on customer satisfaction, leisure and safety have significant effects on customer satisfaction. On the other hand, reliability, diversity, economics, and individualization have shown no significant impact on customer satisfaction. Practical values, parameters, customer satisfaction, and re-use intent, which are dependent variables, were also shown to have significant effects on practical values and customer satisfaction in the relationship.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.522-534
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• 2022

Purpose: This study examined the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Self-Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory (SC-COPDI) and the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale (SCES-COPD). The SC-COPDI consists of the Self-Care Maintenance Scale (SCMES), Self-Care Monitoring Scale (SCMOS), and Self-Care Management Scale (SCMAS). Methods: The original tool was translated using a back-translation process. Participants were 241 patients with COPD at the Chonnam National University Hospital in Korea. The construct validity was verified through confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was verified using Cronbach's α. Results: The SCMES consisted of 10 items of three factors-one of four factors was deleted from the original tool. In the SCMOS, there were six items of two factors after two items were deleted from the original tool. The SCMAS consisted of the original 10 items of three factors. The SCES-COPD consisted of six items of two factors, with one item removed from the original tool. The model fit indices of all tools were good, and the construct validity was confirmed. Cronbach's α of SCMES was .72, SCMOS was .90, SCMAS was .81, and SCES-COPD was .85. Conclusion: The Korean version of SC-COPDI and SCES-COPD are valid and reliable instruments for measuring self-care in people with COPD. These instruments can be used in self-care studies of COPD patients in Korea.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.305-322
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• 2014

Reliability-based design limit states and associated partial load factors provide a consistent level of design safety across bridge types and members. However, limit states in the current AASHTO LRFD have not been developed explicitly for the situation encountered by integral abutment bridges (IABs) that have unique boundary conditions and loads with inherent uncertainties. Therefore, new reliability-based limit states for IABs considering the variability of the abutment support conditions and thermal loading must be developed to achieve IAB designs that achieve the same safety level as other bridge designs. Prestressed concrete girder bridges are considered in this study and are subjected to concrete time-dependent effects (creep and shrinkage), backfill pressure, temperature fluctuation and temperature gradient. Based on the previously established database for bridge loads and resistances, reliability analyses are performed. The IAB limit states proposed herein are intended to supplement current AASHTO LRFD limit states as specified in AASHTO LRFD Table 3.4.1-1.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.226-238
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• 2003

Recently, The problems with which our country's company is confronted for business of manufacturing goods. This study set the hypothesis to develop the method that was analysis and application of A reliability evaluation method of environmental material for circuit components in Computer, Color TV, Monitor, Microwave oven, Electric Refrigerator, Automobile parts, other goods. Especially, this study emphasis on regulate export of the EU and North America that it's a environmental material's hazards problem. In this process, this study set the pattern of practical application. Therefore, this study emphasis on the application of A reliability evaluation method of environmental material and the use of other parameters by environmental reliability test data. The result of this study is as follows. 1) There is relationship between regulate material and technical protecting system. 2) Characteristics of hazard materials is operating a healthcare damage factor as well as regulate environmental factors.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.309-314
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• 2007

Recently, the LRFD and the PSF based on structural reliability assessment have been applied to NPP designs in behalf of the conventional deterministic design methods. In the risk-informed structural integrity, it is especially possible to optimize design procedures considering cost, manufacturing and maintenance because the structural reliability concepts have confirmed the reliability for which a designer aims. Generally, in order to evaluate the PSF, the LRFD which is the design concept for evaluating safety factors respectively on the limit state function including load and resistance. This study certifies the concept and its applications of the PSF using the LRFD based on the structural reliability engineering.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1051-1058
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• 2011

The military communication equipment is required the high reliability for operating adequate functions under severe conditions. This reliability is the essential element for the quality of the product, for the uncontrolled factors, such as the clearance, damage of the material, the reduction of stiffness, which are the designer is unable to handle. In this paper, the uncertainty for the dimension was supposed to the probability model for the military communication equipment, and the average of the objective function was minimized for reducing design uncertainty. The reliability-based design optimization which was implemented the limit state function was formulated into the mathematical model, so the reliable optimized structure was implemented than the base-line design.