• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.5B
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• pp.539-548
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• 2011

We propose an efficient cooperative ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest) scheme for single-hop and multi-hop underwater acoustic communications, in which cooperative nodes are used to provide more reliable alternative paths for a specific source-to-destination connection. This alternative path has higher channel quality than that of the direct source-destination path. In addition, during a packet-relay through multiple hops, the typical acknowledgement (ACK) signal is replaced with overhearing data packet returned back from the next hop. The usage of overhearing as an ACK improves the system performance. In this paper, we evaluate the proposed scheme by comparing it with a conventional S&W ARQ in terms of throughput efficiency. Computer simulation results show that the proposed cooperative retransmission scheme can significantly improve the throughput by increasing the probability of successful retransmission.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.12
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• pp.1289-1297
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• 2014

In this paper, we use the ECMA-392 standard, the first cognitive radio networks to meet the demand for IT services in the ship. We propose a ECMA-392 cooperative MAC protocol to ensure QoS to support multimedia services in the ship area in a multi-hop wireless bridge using ECMA-392 networks. Because the proposed protocol transmits directly or relay transmission by selecting efficient routes based on the information of the ECMA-392 devices, it provides communication to ensure QoS of the device. The simulation results show that the proposed cooperative MAC protocol improves a throughput of devices compared to the existing method.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.1770-1785
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• 2013

In this paper, a multi-hop transmission protocol based on parallel communication of secondary users (SUs) is proposed. The primary multi-hop network coexists with a set of SUs by cooperative spectrum sharing. The main optimization target of our protocol is the overall performance of the secondary system with the guarantee of the primary outage performance. The energy consumption of the primary system is reduced by the cooperation of SUs. The aim of the primary source is to communicate with the primary destination via a number of primary relays. SUs may serve as extra decode-and-forward relays for the primary network. When an SU acts as a relay for a primary user (PU), some other SUs that satisfy the condition for parallel communication are selected to simultaneously access the primary spectrum for secondary transmissions. For the proposed protocol, two opportunistic routing strategies are proposed, and a search algorithm to select the SUs for parallel communication is described. The throughput of the SUs and the PU is illustrated. Numerical results demonstrate that the average throughput of the SUs is greatly improved, and the end-to-end throughput of the PU is slightly increased in the proposed protocol when there are more than seven SUs.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.36-43
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a Cooperative Routing using ARQ-based Transmission (CRARQ) in Mobile Ad-hoc Wireless Sensor Networks (MAWSN). The goals of the CRARQ are to improve both the efficiency of transmission and the reliability of transmission together. The main features and contributions of the proposed CRARQ for supporting these goals are as follows. First, CRARQ uses a reactive concept to construct a route from a source to a destination. Second, CRARQ chooses the most stable relay at each hop along the route by mobility-based strategy. Third, cooperative transmission using the ARQ technique which can improve reliability is used at each hop to send data packets from source to destination. Finally, we present a theoretical analysis model for the proposed CRARQ. The performance evaluation of our protocol is implemented via simulation using Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) and analysis. The results of both simulation and analysis show that CRARQ achieves the improved packet delivery ratio (PDR) and outage probability.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2011

Comparing conventional one-way relaying, two-way relaying scheme with network coding can achieve high throughput by reducing the transmission time. Coded cooperation protocol, which is a algorithm that uses coding on physical layer, can achieve high reliability. In this paper, we propose coded cooperation protocol over two-way relay network. Simulation results show proposed protocol has better performance in terms of reliability and throughput compare with conventional amplify and forward protocol. Also, with same throughput, proposed protocol has better performance in terms of reliability compare with the conventional hybrid decoded and forward protocol.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.51-55
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• 2015

In this paper, we proposed scheme that obtain diversity gain in the cooperative communication to mitigate, applied to the effects of fading in the vehicle communication. Relay used bus that can available in the city environment. In addition, we applied the double rayleigh fading environment so that can applied in real-environments. Therefore, proposed scheme through this paper applied to vehicle communication, user can acquire a high quality service and the operation efficiency of the network is improved. Finally, performance of the proposed protocol is analyzed in terms of bit error rate.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.587-595
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• 2019

Deformation measurement of large scale structures, such as the ground beds of high-rise buildings, tunnels, bridge, and railways, are important for insuring service quality and safety. The pose-relay videometrics method and displacement-relay videometrics method have already presented to measure the pose of non-intervisible objects and vertical subsidence of unstable areas, respectively. Both methods combine the cameras and cooperative markers to form the camera series networks. Based on these two networks, we propose two novel videometrics methods with closed-loop camera series network for deformation measurement of large scale structures. The closed-loop camera series network offers "closed-loop constraints" for the camera series network: the deformation of the reference points observed by different measurement stations is identical. The closed-loop constraints improve the measurement accuracy using camera series network. Furthermore, multiple closed-loops and the flexible combination of camera series network are introduced to facilitate more complex deformation measurement tasks. Simulated results show that the closed-loop constraints can enhance the measurement accuracy of camera series network effectively.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.179-187
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• 2014

The underlay protocol is a cognitive radio method in which secondary or cognitive users use the same frequency without affecting the quality of service (QoS) for the primary users. In addition, because of the broadcast characteristics of the wireless environment, some nodes, which are called eavesdropper nodes, want to illegally receive information that is intended for other communication links. Hence, Physical Layer Security is applied considering the achievable secrecy rate (ASR) to prevent this from happening. In this paper, a performance analysis of the amplify-and-forward scheme under an interference constraint and Physical Layer Security is investigated in the cooperative communication mode. In this model, the relays use an amplify-and- forward method to help transmit signals from a source to a destination. The best relay is chosen using an opportunistic relay selection method, which is based on the end-to-end ASR. The system performance is evaluated in terms of the outage probability of the ASR. The lower and upper bounds of this probability, based on the global statistical channel state information (CSI), are derived in closed form. Our simulation results show that the system performance improves when the distances from the relays to the eavesdropper are larger than the distances from the relays to the destination, and the cognitive network is far enough from the primary user.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a new resource allocation scheme for an OFDMA relay network with multicells. In the proposed scheme, by sharing the channel state information (CSI) between base stations, resources are allocated to users and relays to maximize the overall sum of the achievable rate under fairness constraints. In order to reduce the computational complexity, a resource allocation scheme is proposed by separating subcarrier allocation and power allocation into two parts. First of all, by considering inter-cell interference (ICI), a subcarrier is allocated to a user-relay pair, and power is allocated relays. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves higher spectral efficiency per subcarrier than the static scheme and reduces the outage probability compared to the static and greedy schemes.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.70-80
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• 2012

In this paper, we consider the amplify-and-forward relaying systems with the relay selection (AF-RS) using full channel information (FCI) and using partial channel information (PCI), respectively, in which the direct communication link between a source and a destination is available. And, the outage probabilities for the AF-RS using FCI and using PCI are investigated in Rayleigh fading channels, respectively. We provide exact outage probabilities, tight outage probability lower bounds, and asymptotic outage probabilities, respectively. And also, we present coding gains achievable by the AF-RS using FCI and using PCI. Through numerical investigation, all the analytic expressions are verified, and the coding gains are respectively evaluated with different average channel powers for the first and the second hop as well as different numbers of relays.