• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.1012-1020
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with thiazolidinedione (TZD) on growth performance and meat quality of finishing pigs. In Experiment 1, 80 castrated finishing pigs (Large White${\times}$Landrace, BW = 54.34 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments with 5 replicates of 8 pigs each. The experimental pigs in the 2 groups were respectively fed with a diet with or without a TZD supplementation (15 mg/kg). In Experiment 2, 80 castrated finishing pigs (Large White${\times}$Landrace, BW = 71.46 kg) were divided into 2 treatments as designed in Experiment 1, moreover, carcass evaluations were performed. The results from Experiment 1 showed that TZD supplementation could significantly decreased the average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p<0.05) during 0 to 28 d, without impairing the average daily gain (ADG) (p>0.05). In Experiment 2, the ADG was significantly increased by TZD supplementation during 14 to 28 d and 0 to 28 d (p<0.05) and the feed:gain ratio (F:G) was significantly decreased by TZD supplementation during 0 to 28 d (p<0.05). Compared with the control group, TZD group had significantly higher serum triglyceride (TG) concentration at 28h and serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels at 14 d (p<0.05). Moreover, there was an apparent improvement in the marbling score (p<0.10) and intramuscular fat (IMF) content (p<0.10) of the longissimus dorsi muscle in pigs treated by TZD supplementation. Real-time RT-PCR analyses demonstrated that pigs of TZD group had higher mRNA abundance of $PPAR{\gamma}$ coactivator 1 (PGC-1) (p<0.05) and fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) (p<0.05) than pigs of control group. Taken together, these results suggested that dietary TZD supplementation could improve growth performance and increase the IMF content of finishing pigs through regulating the serum parameters and genes mRNA abundance involved in fat metabolism.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.3
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• pp.375-382
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to investigate suitable plantation site for planted Chamaecyparis obtusa seedlings from the analysis of regional early growth performances. Two years old C. obtusa seedlings were planted with the density of $3,900seedlings{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ in late March, 2011 at Haeman and Jangseong, Jeollanamdo. In each study site, three plots ($400m^2$ per plot) were established and root collar diameter (mm) and tree height (cm) of each C. obtusa were measured in April, 2011 and October from 2011 to 2013. We also analyzed soil physical and chemical properties of sites and compartmental nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of C. obtusa. Although the concentrations of soil nitrogen, organic matter, and C.E.C. at Haenam site were higher than those at Jangseong site, early growth performances of planted C. obtusa at Jangseong site were significantly better than those at Haenam site. The reasons for these results were probably related to deep available soil depth at Jangseong site and relatively low annual precipitation and sea wind at Haenam site, which was adjacent to the sea. The compartmental nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of C. obtusa was in the order of needles > current twigs > fine root > stem and branches root above 2 mm in diameter. The phosphorus concentration of needles at Haenam site was significantly higher than that at Jangseong site. The results of this study might be useful for the selection of suitable plantation site for C. obtusa.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.6D
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• pp.655-662
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to analyze tthe pattern of compacted area and the distribution characteristics in one-person household. Through ArcGis, we collect the basic data and classify the compact area in accordance with the pattern employing Ward method out of cluster analysis. The main results are found as follows; First, the station sphere type is located around Seomyun and Nampo-dong, which are the main CBD( Central Business District) This type must be essentially considered in residential plan for one-person household location. Second, the district oriented type is located around the subway and it has relatively better residential facilities and environments. Third, it is found that the younger worker including students resided in one room and villa in the type around university. Forth, the foreign workers and domestic workers in small and medium factory resided in the factory centered type which is far from the station sphere. Lastly, it is dormitory type which is isolated from the CBD, and insteadly amenable and well natural environment area, but students and workers in this area where there are lacking life-related facilities and aside from accessibilities feel uncomfortable.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.345-352
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• 2011

We investigated 12 plots using Herles' diversity of structure feature calculation method, which is based on the Shannon-Weaver-Index for estimation of species diversity. This study sought to facilitate a more systematic understanding of the structure of the forest stands in the Korean fir natural forest in Naeseorak. Although the change in the forest structure is dependent on the change in phase, factors of the natural forest were confirmed by associating individual structure features. As shown in the results of diversity of structure features, the diversity of the structure of the fir tree natural forest in Naeseorak was relatively low. The association between species diversity and overall factors (diversity) related with the change in the structure was found to be weak. The association between the number of trees and the diversity of forest structure stands was moderate, showing that the higher the number of trees, the less diverse the forest structure is. In most of the investigated plots, stem volume and volume of dead tree were associated with the height of natural regeneration, but these were not associated with other factors. Height of natural regeneration was found to be correlated to stand density, crown area and crown class, whereas tree height and BHD did not have any association with other factors. Overall, the results of the investigation are helpful in understanding the change in the structure of Korean fir natural forest. Further investigation with more plots is required.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2009

In this study, some changes of soil characteristics in a field were analyzed to investigate the effect of heavy rainfall during rainy season. The heavy rainfalls were often induced geohazards like landslides. To do this, the reaching rainfall in the ground surface was investigated according to a condition of vegetation, and the change of soil characteristics induced by infiltrating rainfall was analyzed. The study site is a natural terrain located in Daedeok Science Complex. This site has same geology and soil condition whereas it has different vegetable condition. The rainfall records during the rainy season of 2006 and 2007 were selected. The rainfall records are based on the measuring date from Daejeon Regional Meteorological Administration adjacent to the study site. Also, the rainfall records according to the condition of vegetation were measured using rainfall measuring device made by ourselves. The soil tests were carried out about soil specimen sampled before and after rainfall, and then the change of soil characteristics related to rainfall and vegetation were analyzed. As the result, the density of vegetation was influenced by reaching rainfall quantity in the ground surface, and its influence intensity was decreased with rainfall intensity and rainfall duration. Also, it shows that degree of saturations, water contents, liquidities and shear resistances are directly influenced by heavy rainfalls.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.119-130
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• 2006

To investigate the role of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) in the normal aging process, aging-related morphometric and ultrastructural analyses of the MAG-positive (MAG-(+)) oligodendrocytes were carried out in the cerebral cortex of the Sprague-Dawley rats. In the aged rats, the density of MAG-(+) oligodendrocytes was significantly decreased in the cortical layer (IV-VI) compared with that of the adult rats. However, the percentage of medium and dark types of oligodendrocytes was significantly increased by aging. In the aged rats, the mean nuclear area of the MAG-(-) oligodendrocytes was interestingly reduced compared with that of MAG-(+) oligodendrocytes. In addition, MAG immunoreactive products were markedly decreased in the medium-dark type of oligodendroglial cytoplasm and processes, and were scarcely localized in the dark type of oligodendrocytes of the aged rats. These results suggest that degeneration of oligodendrocytes-myelin system by aging is associated with down regulation of MAG, and that may contribute to further understanding of the biology of MAG in the oligodendrocytes-myelin system.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary supplementation of fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus (HE) mushroom on lipid profiles of serum and histological changes of the liver in rats with high fat and cholesterol diet. Five-week old female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups of 8 rats each: The normal control diet (NC group), high fat and cholesterol diet (HFC group), and HFC diet supplemented with 5% fruiting powder of Hericium erinaceus (HFC+HE group). In the HFC+HE group, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, and triglyceride concentrations were significantly reduced compared with the NC group. Body weight gain of those in the HFC+HE group were lower than those in the HFC group; whereas HFC+HE had no effect on the levels of plasma albumin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, glucose, and total protein. The enzyme activities related to the liver function, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were lower in the NC group than in the HFC group, but without significance. Feeding the mushroom increased the excretion of total lipid and cholesterol. A histopathological analysis showed that the those in the HFC group developed hepatic steatosis, whereas those in the HFC+HE group developed small fat droplet. In conclusion, these results suggest that 5% HE supplementation to HFC diet provided health benefits by acting on lowering atherogenic lipid profile in rats with high fat and cholesterol diet.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.326-335
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• 2015

Citrus is an economically important fruit tree with the largest amount of fruit production in the world. It provides important nutrition such as vitamin C and other health-promoting compounds including its unique flavonoids for human health. However, it is classified into the most difficult crops to develop new cultivars through conventional breeding approaches due to its long juvenility and some unique reproductive biological features such as gamete sterility, nucellar embryony, and high level of heterozygosity. Due to global warming and changes in consumer trends, establishing a systematic and efficient breeding programs is highly required for sustainable production of high quality fruits and diversification of cultivars. Recently, reference genome sequences of sweet orange and clementine mandarin have been released. Based on the reference whole-genome sequences, comparative genomics, reference-guided resequencing, and genotyping-by-sequencing for various citrus cultivars and crosses could be performed for the advance of functional genomics and development of traits-related molecular markers. In addition, a full understanding of gene function and gene co-expression networks can be provided through combined analysis of various transcriptome data. Analytic information on whole-genome and transcriptome will provide massive data on polymorphic molecular markers such as SNP, INDEL, and SSR, suggesting that it is possible to construct integrated maps and high-density genetic maps as well as physical maps. In the near future, integrated maps will be useful for map-based precise cloning of genes that are specific to citrus with major agronomic traits to facilitate rapid and efficient marker-assisted selection.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.586-593
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• 2014

Newly reclaimed tidal land is known to be in low status of soil fertility. The incorporation of crop residue is an effective method to improve soil properties and fertility in reclaimed saline soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of rice straw (RS) application to improve physico-chemical properties of saline-sodic soil and its contribution to productivity of whole crop barley. Increasing rate of rice straw improved growth parameter related to yield of whole crop barley, which increased tiller number significantly (p<0.05).The yield increased by 15% (F.W) and 9% (D.W) in rice straw-amended plots. The content of soil organic matter (SOM) in the surface soil (0-20cm) with rice straw incorporation increased by 5~9% (RS 2.5~RS 7.5) compared to RS 0, in which the content of SOM decreased after two consecutive cultivations. Rice straw incorporation promoted soil physico-chemical properties and nutrient-availability of the test crop, as indicated in change in soil bulk density, porosity and increased nutrient uptake of plant. Especially, the P content and uptake of whole crop barley increased with increasing the rate of rice straw application. In conclusion, the rice straw application at rates of $5.0-7.5ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ in reclaimed saline soils effectively improved soil properties and crop productivity, which has potentials to reduce the loss of chemical fertilizers and facilitate the favorable condition for crop growth under adverse soil condition.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 1995

A comparison was made regarding the extent of anger between 50 hypertensives and 50 normotensives, using anger scale. In addition, correlation was investigated between the extent of anger and biological variables such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein(HDL) and triglyceride in each of both the groups. The two groups were matched to each other regarding age, sex, the level of education and body mass index(BMI). The hypertensives scored significantly higher than normotensives in anger suppression, whereas normotensives scored significantly higher than hypertensives in anger expression. In hypertensives, scores of anger suppression and anger expression did not significantly correlate with blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride, respectively. In normotensives, however, scores of anger suppression correlated positively with systolic blood pressure. Male hypertensives scored significantly higher than female hypertensives regarding anger expression, whereas male normotensives scored significantly higher than female normotensives regarding anger expression and anger total subscale, respectively. These results suggest that hypertensives suppressed more anger than normotensives, and that anger suppression in normotensives was more likely to increase blood pressure, supporting the previous reports that suppressed anger may be related to hypertension.