• 성인간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of maximal sterile barrier precaution on the central venous catheter-related infection and subsequent cost savings. Methods: Study subjects were 462 hospitalized patients with central venous, catheter of more than 48 hours duration. Data collection period was from April 2008 to February 2009 at a tertiary university hospital in Seoul. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the treatment or the usual care group. Patients in the treatment group (n=209) were treated by staff using maximal sterile barrier precautions and the comparison group(n=253) received traditional care. Results: Central venous catheter-days was2,821 in treatment group and 3,515 in comparison group. The incidence density of central venous catheter-related infection was 2.1 times higher in the comparison group (8.2 per 1,000 catheter-days) compared with the treatment group (3.9 per 1,000 catheter-days). The incidence density of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection was 4.54 times higher than in the comparison group (3.2 per 1,000 catheter-days) compared with the treatment group (0.7 per 1,000 catheter-days). The attributable cost of central venous catheter-related infection in the treatment group was 10,174,197 won and that of the comparison group was 22,224,554 won. Attributable cost by area was also significantly lower compared with that of the comparisons. Conclusion: The maximal sterile barrier precaution during central venous catheter insertion was an effective intervention to reduce central venous catheter-related infection rate and provides a significant cost savings.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 1993

북양산(北洋産) 주요(主要) 침(針), 활엽수재(闊葉樹材)의 물리적(物理的) 성질(性質)(밀도(密屠), 만재율(晩材率), 공권율(孔圈率), 평균년수폭(平均年輸幅))과 역학적(力學的) 성질(性質)(종압축강도, 횡압축강도, 전단강도에 관하여 연구(硏究) 조사하였다. 이 실험(實驗)의 연구(硏究) 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 밀도(密度)와 만재율(晩材率)은 물리적(物理的) 역학적(力學的) 성질(性質)과 밀접(密接)한 관계(關係)를 나타낸 반면, 공권율(孔圈率)과 평균년수폭(平均年輸幅)은 물리적(物理的) 역학적(力學的) 성질(性質)과 거의 관계(關係)가 없음을 나타내었다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권6호통권59호
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• pp.896-909
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• 2005

In need of studies on the kinds and structure of thread, the biggest variable factor in knitwear patterns, this study attempts: to examine the physical properties by thread type to basically establish systematic data in order to utilize various mixture and structure of yarn and to contribute to the development of optical patterns by building a systemic and scientific methods to produce knit wear patterns though a statistical analysis of the relation between the variations and physical properties. The results is as follows: with time, a feature of knit, which causes instability making it difficult to maintain the original shape, related to material properties, the weight and expansibility recovery rate have the greatest influence on the variation of wale lengths, though the amount varies by material. The variation of course contraction is closely related to density, the dense fabrics showing the highest values, due to the bust of the human body, the wale length variation of the front is greater than that of the back, by a regression analysis of material properties and the variations is obtained showing the weight, density and expansibility recovery rate have the greatest influence on the wale extension and course contraction of knit.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.790-797
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate bone density and risk factors related to osteopenia to unmarried young adult women. Methods: The subjects consisted of 125 female college students. SPSS 12.0 program was used for the data analysis with t-test, ${\chi}^2-test$. The BMD of the calcaneus and body mass index (BMI) were measured with peripheral dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry. Other physical characteristics were measured with a scale and questionnaires. Results: The general characteristics of these people showed that the average age was 22.1 years old and that the average BMI was 20.8. The mean of BMD was normal, but 24.8% were osteopenia, 75.2% were normal. In the normal and osteopenia groups, there were significant differences in the status of the BMD according to age, height, weight, BMI, regular exercise, house chores, and the experiences of being on a diet. Conclusion: Women in their twenties had some osteoporosis risk, but they can change their BMD by doing regular exercise and by eating food to peak bone mass. For building peak bone mass, they need take exercise programs and education programs to prevent osteoporosis and follow-up care.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.798-803
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• 2003

The effects of acupuncture and moxibustion at ST 36 (足三理) acupoint on the changes of body weight, related serum lipids and leptin density of the stomach were investigated. 3 groups of male, 7 animals each, were ad libitum standard diet for 5 days. Body weight was effective decreased for 5 days after moxibustion at ST 36 acupoint and the density of leptin which was related food intake and body weight deficiency was decreased remarkerbly in the mucosa of stomach. Moxibustion on ST 36 affected the levels of total cholesterol, glucose, HDL-cholesterol, but acupuncture on ST 36 affected only the levels of total lipid, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol. It is considered that the treatments of acupuncture and moxibustion at ST 36 (足三理) have different effect actively on body weight, serum lipids and leptin density and moxibustion of ST 36(足三理) can be applied as effective therapy for obesity.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2005

Purpose: To evaluate physical characteristics, lifestyle related to bone-health, and bone mineral density (BMD) in mothers and their daughters and to determine the predictors of BMD. Method: BMDs at the forearm, lumbar spine, and femur were measured in 101 healthy, mother-daughter pairs by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Mother-daughter differences between general characteristics, means for BMDs were assessed by ${\chi}^2$-test, t-tests. Multiple regression analyses were used to identify predictors of BMD in each group. Results: Mothers had significantly higher BMD than their daughters at forearm, lumbar spine, and femur. The predictors of mothers' BMDs were body weight, body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat, explaining 5.1~31.6% of the variation in BMDs. BMI, percentage body fat and their mother's BMD of the corresponding site bone were predictors in daughters, explaining 17.5~31.6% of the variations in BMDs. Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of weight on bone that the BMDs seems to be related to fat free mass both in young-adult daughters and in middle aged mothers. These also suggest the importance ofintervention for the development of BMD in daughter of mother with low BMD.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2008

Recently, reckless exploitation of land resources without much consideration for the environmental value of the land has been witnessed to accommodate the ever-increasing demands for regional development. Fragmentation due to land development is a major reason for the declining biodiversity in forest ecosystems. The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the relationship between the factors of land development and forest fragmentation in 13 watersheds of a metropolitan area and (2) to suggest a forest management plan through the relationship. We carried out a factor analysis to determine explanatory axes of forest fragmentation, and then conducted a correlation analysis between the factor scores and the factor of land development, such as the rate of built-up areas, road density, number of built-up patches, and area of housing developments. The first explanatory axis represented stability of landscape highly related with the rate of the built-up area and road density. The second axis represented the level of fragment highly related with a number of built-up patches. Forest fragmentation patterns of the 13 watersheds were classified for the similarity in forest fragmentation. This study presents the forest management plans including distribution and level of land development and forest conservation.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.266-275
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• 2011

Purpose: The study investigated the relationship of health behavior with bone mineral density (BMD) for college students. Methods: A descriptive study was done using a convenient sampling of college students (n=116) enrolled in a health-related department. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), health behaviors recognition of subjective health, smoking, drinking, exercise, food habits, intake of calcium, and family history of fracture were measured. BMD was measured at the right forearm using Hologic lunar duel-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA and multiple linear regression. Results: The prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis was 41.4% and 22.4%, respectively. Significant relationships were observed between BMD of right forearm and gender, BMI, subjective health recognition, drinking, and exercise (p<.05). Results of linear regression after adjusted BMD were increased concerning subjective health recognition and regular exercise (p<.05). Conclusions: Subjective health recognition and exercise carries positive effects on BMD. We recommend for college students that healthy behaviors like proper weight, smoking cessation, regular exercise, regular food habits, and health awareness are helpful to BMD.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.527-535
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• 2021

Sclerostin (SOST), a regulator of bone formation in osteocytes, inhibits the canonical Wnt signaling by interacting with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) to prevent Wnt binding. Loss-of-function mutations of the SOST gene caused massive bone outgrowth and SOST-null mouse exhibited a high bone density phenotype. Therefore, SOST has been suggested as a promising therapeutic target for osteoporosis. A few previous studies with X-ray crystallography identified the binding interfaces between LRP6 and SOST, but there are limitations in these studies as they used truncated SOST protein or SOST peptide. Here, we analyzed the conformational dynamics of SOST-LRP6 E1E2 complex using hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). We examined the effect of the C-terminal tail of SOST on LRP6 conformation upon complex formation. HDX-MS analysis suggested a new potential binding interface for the C-terminal region of SOST that was missing from the previous crystal structure of the SOST-LRP6 E1E2 complex.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.2369-2379
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• 2013

불포화 조건에서 흙의 초기 밀도에 따라 흙-함수특성곡선이 변화시키게 되며, 이로 인하여 불포화 조건에서 투수특성도 변화하게 된다. 이에 대한 영향을 고찰하기 위하여 상대밀도 40%, 60% 및 75%의 주문진 표준사에 대한 건조 및 습윤과정에서의 흙-함수특성곡선(SWCC)과 불포화 투수계수함수를 산정하였다. van Genuchten (1980)의 방법을 이용하여 흙-함수특성곡선(SWCC)을 산정한 결과 공기유입값과 관계된 계수 ${\alpha}$는 습윤과정에서 더 큰 값을 가지며, 변곡점의 경사에 관계된 계수 n과 잔류함수비에 관계된 계수 m은 건조과정에서 더 큰 값을 갖는다. 그리고 상대밀도가 증가할수록 공기함입치는 증가하지만 수분함입치는 감소하며, 동일한 상대밀도에서 공기함입치는 수분함입치보다 크게 발생된다. 한편, 계수추정방법 가운데 하나인 van Genuchten (1980)의 방법을 적용하여 불포화 투수계수함수를 산정한 결과 불포화 투수계수는 포화시 투수계수로 일정하게 유지되다가 공기함입치 혹은 수분함입치 직전에 급격하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 건조과정에서의 포화투수계수는 습윤과정에서의 포화투수계수보다 크게 나타나며, 상대밀도가 증가함에 따라 건조 및 습윤과정에서의 포화투수계수는 감소한다. 실험결과에 의하면 주문진 표준사의 초기 간극비에 따라 흙-함수특성곡선(SWCC)에서의 공기함입치(AEV)는 감소하고 포화투수계수는 증가하므로, 흙-함수특성곡선(SWCC)과 불포화 투수계수함수(HCF)는 초기 간극비에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.