• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.235-249
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• 2002

This study was accompolished to analyze and compare the number and area of the occlusal contact points in healthy volunteers and athletes with normal occlusion. Before the study, 89 athletes(sports career:8.6 years, average age 20) at Kyung Hee University were selected, and survey was accomplished for athlete's recognition about sports dentistry. For this study, 15 athletes(13 amles and 2 females with average age 20) and 21 healthy volunteers(14 mles and 7 females with average age 20.09) at Kyung Hee University were selected. The visual display acquired by scanning of occlusal record in maximal intercuspation was converted into 16 gray value image. Then, using computer program(J & Lee Occlusal Analyser), the pixel which was in definite range of the gray value was recognized, and the numbers of recognized pixel were calculated to area. The results were as follows : (1) On the survey about sports dentistry, 28% of 89 athletes didn't agree that human occlusion may be important, and 30% didn't have any idea of the influence of human occlusion during their sports activities. (2) The average numbers of total occlusal contact points were 31.05 in control group, and 34.67 in athlete group. The average area of total occlusal contacts was $100.25mm^2$ in control group, and $127.78mm^2$ in athlete group. (3) In control group, the average numbers of occlusal contact points were revealed in order as follows; the first molar(8.48), the second molar(8.24), the second premolar(4.71), the lateral incisor(2.90), the first premor(2.43), the central incisor(2.19), and the canine(2.1). The least average in canine(2.1) was similar to the average(2.19) in central incisor and (2.09) in lateral incisor. In athlete group, the average numbers of occlusal contact points were revealed in order as follows; the first molar(8.87), the second molar(8.47), the second premolar(5.60), the canine(3.80), the lateral incisor(3.33), the first premolar(2.67), and the central incisor(1.93). (4) In control group, the average areas of occlusal contact surface were revealed in order as follows; the first molar($39.47mm^3$), the second molar($37.54mm^3$), the second premolar($9.54mm^3$) the first premolar($6.18mm^3$), canine($3.49mm^3$), the central incisor($2.76mm^3$), and the lateral incisor($1.28mm^3$). In athlete group, the average areas of occlusal contact surface were revealed in order as follows; the first molar($44.11mm^3$), the second molar($40.69mm^3$), the second premolar($16.50mm^3$), the first premolar($9.39mm^3$), the canine($5.08mm^3$), the lateral incisor($3.7mm^3$), and the central incisor($2.25mm^3$). (5). With aging in both control and athlete group, there was a decreasing tendancy in average number of occlusal contact point, and was an increasing tendancy in average area of occlusal contact surface. In comparison at each age, both the numbers and area of occlusal contact were greater in athlete group than in control group. It was not significant in the numbers of occlusal contact points beween athlete and control group(p>0.1), but significant in the area of occlusal contact surface(p<0.05). (6) In comparision as to the kind of sports(Gymnastics:2, Rugby:3, Soccor:5, Ice hocky:5), the numbers of occlusal contact points were the most in ice hocky, and the area of occlusal contact surface was the greatest in gymnastics. With increasing a career in athlete group, there was a decreasing tendancy in average numbers of occlusal contact points, and was an increasing tendancy in average area of occlusal contact surface.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2010

Anterior knee pain syndrome would best be defined as a painful condition that arises in or around the patellofemoral joint and is insidious in onset and bilateral, with an enigmatic entity with multiple causes. Although its etiology is uncertain, the cause is often considered to be abnormal lower limb biomechanics, pathology of extensor mechanism, disorder of patellofemoral joint, malalignment or lateral tracking of the patella, soft tissue tightness, muscle weakness. The measurement of patellar alignment has come to be accepted as an integral part of the examination of anterior knee pain syndrome. Various measurement techniques exist, both clinical and radiological, and these have been frequently used in the diagnosis and treatment of the condition.?Treatment depends on the underlying cause of anterior knee pain and should be directed to the cause rather than to the results. Most often, this involves non-surgical measures, such as anti-inflammatory medications, quadriceps exercises, and hamstring stretching. Shin splint, or medial tibial stress syndrome refers a syndrome of pain running along the inner distal 2/3 of tibia shaft. Shin splint is a common problem for athletes whose sport involves a repeated, jarring impact to the leg. A major factor determining the efficacy of the treatment is that correct diagnosis be made of the problem. The varied etiology has led to the development of several theories as to the cause, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of shin splint. The management is rest, ice massages, pain relief by medication, and muscle strengthening exercise. Proper rehabilitation and preventative measures can ensure that there is no further recurrence.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2010

Purpose: To evaluate the results of percutaneous lateral release and arthroscopic medial plication for patients with recurrent patella dislocation. Materials and Methods: This study includes the thirty-one cases of patients who have had a surgical operation from March 2001 to March 2008. All the patients had recurrent patella dislocation after trauma history. The average age was 24.2 years old and the average follow up was 47.4 months (minimum 24 months). Results: The preoperative congruence angle, lateral patellofemoral angle, Lysholm score was $24.8^{\circ}$, $-6.2^{\circ}$, 75 points on average respectively. However, the postoperative congruence angle, lateral patellofemoral angle, Lysholm score was improved to normal range: $-2.8^{\circ}$, $10.2^{\circ}$, 95 points on average. Five cases showed the recurrent dislocation after operation. Among them, three cases showed femoral trochlear dysplasia. Conclusion: Percutaneous lateral release and arthroscopic medial plication showed satisfactory results for recurrent patella dislocation with low complication rate. However, in cases with femoral trochlear dysplasia, another surgical treatment may be considered.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.51-63
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• 2023

This study aimed to verify the effects of a 4-week program of ankle-strengthening exercise and toe-taping walk exercise on the basic lower body strength and walking to examine the benefits of the two exercises. The subjects involved 30 women in their 20s enrolled in university A. The subjects were equally divided into three groups - ankle-strengthening exercise group, toe-taping walk exercise group, and control group. The subjects were instructed to massage and do ankle-strengthening exercises using a towel, massage ball, and CRT, for 60 minutes, 3 times a week. They also taped their hallux valgus using a kinesiology tape and walked for 20 minutes with white tape applied. To sum up, the 4-week ankle-strengthening exercise and toe-taping walk exercise were identified to have a partial statistical significance on the basic lower body strength (muscular strength, power, and balance) and walking (length of gait line, plantar pressure, and COP) of women in their 20s. Therefore, the study confirmed the effects of ankle-strengthening exercises and toe-taping walk exercise on the lower body exercise function, and it is considered that further studies should be conducted on more various effects of the exercises by subdividing them into different pain locations and orthomechanic findings.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to develop a turn-type treatment program which applies the principle of spotting and a roll-type treatment program that induces off-vertical axis. 29 collegiate students volunteered for this study. 12-week treatment programs were applied to both 15 students for turn-type treatment group and 14 students for roll-type treatment group. As an analytic tool, eye camera was employed to verify the treatment programs for a stimulus upon a turn, recovery after a stimulus upon a turn, and nystagmus that affects a vestibular system. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was applied to see the significant differences between the treatment groups, and between the test periods. For Post-Hoc Test, paired t-test was used to within the group and independent t-test was used to between the groups. The results indicated that roll-type treatment training has maximized a stimulus on nystagmyus during the stimulus by a roll. Turn-type treatment training has maximized a stimulus on nystagmyus right after a stimulus by a roll and significantly decreased the intensity of nystagmyus during the recovery. Both turn and roll type treatments have reduced the recovery time which from nystagmyus to a normal status. Roll-type treatment has showed a much shorter recovery time for nystagmyus than the roll-type treatment has. Based on the results of treatment programs developed in this study, we expect the treatment programs can be applied to treat dizziness and to improve the function of vestibular system as a rehabilitation tool.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.89-94
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between visual analogue scale(VAS) of the waist and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) and the muscle strength of the waist for male field hockey athletes. The VAS and ODI were conducted by self-written evaluation, and muscle strength was measured by using DAVID. Pearson correlation was used for data analysis, and the statistical significance level was set to α = .05. The VAS of the waist of male field hockey athletes and the ODI were statistically significant. However, other VAS and the ODI did not correlate to the strength of the lower back. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new exercise program for the rather than strength training during the waist rehabilitation exercise. It is thought that these studies will serve as basic data useful for the development of treatment and exercise programs for athletes in the future.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2009

Volar rotatory dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint(PIP) of the finger is rare. We report a female judo player who had volar rotatory dislocation of the PIP joint of the middle finger. She had dislocation of PIP joint total 4 times. At operation, the central tendon was identified as being distension, with the ulnar collateral ligament ruptured. The ruptured ulnar collateral ligament was interposed within the joint. The ruptured ulnar collateral ligament was repaired and extensor expansion was repaired. At last follow-up, she didn't have recurrent dislocation during judo. Accurate diagnosis, early intervention and progressive rehabilitation of this injury are very important as other dislocations.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

Background: The ability for backward walking is considered to be necessary for the neuromuscular control and maintenance of balance in daily ambulatory activity. This study aimed to determine the effect of backward walking training on the walking speed and balance control in patients with hemiplegia. Methods: Fourteen patients with hemiplegia were randomly allocated to an experimental and control groups of seven patients each. For the experimental group, we performed both conventional training and backward walking training, and conventional training only for the control group. The conventional training programs for the 2 groups were conducted for 30 min, twice a day, 5 times a week for 4 weeks, and backward walking training for the experimental group was conducted for 30 min, 3 times a week. The outcomes were assessed using the functional reach test (FRT), timed up-and-go (TUG) Test, and the 10 meter walk time test (10mWT). Result: A comparison of the FRT, TUG test, and 10mWT scores obtained before and after the 4-week treatment revealed statistically significant differences (p<.05) for the experimental group; however, there was no such difference in the case of the control group (p>.05). On assessment after the 4-week treatment, statistically significant differences were noted in the TUG test and 10mWT scores of the experimental group (p<.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that backward walking training is an effective clinical strategy for improving the walking speed and functional mobility of patients with hemiplegia.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.311-320
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• 2010

This study aimed to examine the development and characteristics of the workers with upper limb musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders and to analyze the upper limb musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders for its relationship with the individual socio-demographic characteristics. This study investigated the effect on the limitations of physical activities using standardized surveillance tool and clinical diagnosis. Musculoskeletal symptoms and the limitations of physical activities were examined. The clinical diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders were carried out by physical examination, radiological examination and electromyography-electroneuronography for 22 workers in kitchen hood assembly process and 50 workers in toggle process of leather product manufacturing. The proportion of workers with musculoskeletal disorders was higher and the DASH score was also statistically higher in female and aged workers with longer working hours, longer household working hours, less leisure/hobby activity and higher physical load. Physical activities component score increased in the following order: workers in normal health, workers with musculoskeletal symptoms, and workers with musculoskeletal disorders as clinically diagnosed. Score for each DASH component increased in the following order: sports/performing arts ability, social activities, specific physical functional activities, work or other regular daily activities, work ability, psychological activities, insomnia and upper limb symptoms. The overall and each component DASH scores were higher in workers with symptoms of status praesens and of more severity, and receiving medical intervention. Musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders are associated with individual socio-demographic characteristics, and DASH score for physical activities of upper limb was higher in workers with musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders have a remarkable epidemiological significance for physical activities, social activities, work or other regular daily activities, upper limb symptoms and insomnia, where work ability, sports/performing arts ability and preventive measure is needed.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.22-31
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• 2009

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of closed kinetic chain exercise and open kinetic chain exercise in improving the balance of patients with hemiplegia. Methods Ten patients with stroke were randomly allocated to either a closed kinetic chain exercise (CKC) group(n=5) or an open kinetic chain exercise(OKC) group(n=5). The subjects of each group followed the exercise regimen of their respective groups, and each exercise was performed for 50 mins per day, 3 days per week, for 4 weeks. Assessment was made using Berg Balance Scale (BBS), One Leg Standing(OLS) test, and Timed up and go(TUG) test. The 2 groups were assessed twice: before and after the intervention. Results The TUG test score was significantly different in the CKC group between before and after intervention (p<.05); however, there was no such deference in the OKC group (p>.05). Further, the scores of the BBS and OLS tests were not significantly different for the 2 groups between before and after intervention (p>.05). The hanges in these BBS and OLS score were not significantly different(p>.05); however, there was a significant difference in the change in the TUG scores (p<.05). Conclusion On the basis of the results of this study, we found that the closed kinetic chain exercise is more effective in improving the walking ability and dynamic balance in patients with stroke. Future studies are warranted in this regard.