• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2001

Modern art has had a great impact on the concepts and the formal attributes of modern landscape design. This study aimed at examining the origins of modern landscape design languages especially in relation to the influence of find art during the modernist age. The formal reductionism of Cubistic paintings finally lead to the formulation of Geometrical Abstractionism which became the basic formal model for ˝Regular Style˝; one of the representative modern landscape style. This Regular Style is mostly based on the formal structure of ´Grids´, which was developed by many landscape designer like Eckbo, Kley and Halprin. On the other hand, the ´Bio-morphic Form´ originally used in Surrealistic Art became the formal model for ˝Organic Style˝; the other representative modern landscape style, developed mostly by the landscape designers like Church, Burle-Mark and Bye. Thus, ´Grids´ and ´Bio-morphic Form´ became the dual icons of modern art and modern landscape design. Although these modern landscape design styles were ground breaking departure from the conventional formal/informal tradition and expanded possibilities in formal experimentations, They also produced several crucial limitations originated from the scientific reductionism and autonomous aesthetics of modern art, like the physical and cultural discontinuation from surrounding environments and the formal alienation from the real life world, which gave rise to the emergence of post-modern thinking of landscape design.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.63-75
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• 2017

해양환경에서 파랑-구조물 상호작용의 정확한 예측은 극한 환경조건에 노출 된 고정식 및 부유식 해양구조물의 안전성과 설계비용 효율성에 있어서 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 규칙파 와 원형 기둥의 파랑-구조물 상호작용을 해석하였다. 3차원 이상유동(two-phase flow)을 해석하기 위해 오픈소스 전산유체역학 라이브러리인 OpenFOAM을 사용하였다. 수치파랑수조에서 파를 생성 및 흡수하기 위해 소스항을 이용한 relaxation method를 적용하였다. 수치기법을 검증하기 위해 심해조건에서 생성된 2차 stokes 파형은 이론적인 해와 비교하였다. 검증과정을 통해 파장과 진폭에 대한 길이 및 높이 방향의 격자크기를 정하였다. 원형 기둥에 작용하는 파랑 하중과 wave run-up을 계산하고 기존의 실험 데이터와 비교하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제49권9호
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• pp.259-269
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• 2012

전원 전압이 낮아지고, 칩의 동작 속도가 빨라짐에 따라 온-칩 인덕턴스를 포함한 power distribution network (PDN) 분석이 중요해 질 것으로 예측된다. 본 논문에서는 일반적인 온-칩 전력 격자 구조에 적용시킬 수 있는 효과적인 인덕턴스 추출방법에 대해 제안한다. Chip layout에 적용할 수 있는 loop 인덕턴스 모델을 제시하고, 그 모델을 사용하여 post layout RC extraction netlist로 부터 인덕턴스를 포함한 netlist를 추출할 수 있는 tool을 개발하였다. 제안된 loop 인덕턴스 모델과 개발된 tool의 정확성은 회로 simulation을 통해 PEEC 모델과 비교하여 검증하였다. 인덕턴스 추출 방법을 실제 chip layout에 적용시켜 on-chip inductance를 포함한 PDN의 voltage fluctuation을 예측하였다. 패키지와 PCB 모델을 포함한 co-simulation 모델을 구성하여 on-chip inductance의 영향을 분석하였다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.45-69
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• 2002

This study aims to find out the genetic characteristics of gridded subdivision area which has its origin from ancient local administrative city-Sangju, Jeonju, Namwon, Kwangju, Chungju. The spatial structure, based on the inter-relationship among gridded subdivision area, city wall, and topographic condition, and the morphological characteristics of gridded subdivision area are analyzed. The points of analysis on morphological characteristics of gridded subdivision area consist of the size of unit block, the organization system of unit block, the orientation of subdivision line. As a result of the analysis, three main characteristics are found. Firstly there can be found no same land subdivision rule among study areas. Secondly, the morphological features of study area were the products of cumulative process of different subdivision areas which were developed in different periods. Thirdly, the original regular gridded land subdivision seems to have been carried out in the object of a farm-land cultivation around 7th century. And there was a change of land-use from farm land to urban land-use during the later 7th century and 8th century.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.370-375
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• 2006

This paper suggests the method for estimating a partial discharge (PD) location using divide of the inside transformer as a grid. The PD location is found swiftly and economically compared with the typical method detecting a PD. The reason is that the location of PD is detected in the section. The estimation of PD location is trained using the Neural Network. JavaNNS(Java Neural Network Simulator) and SNNS(Stuttgart Neural Network Simulator) are used for searching the location of PD. The simulation procedure is following, The transformer is assumed that the case is a regular hexahedron. The sensor is installed in a proper location. A section of PD location is set as a target, and training set is studied with several PD locations in the inside of the transformer. As a result of training process, the learning capability of neural network is excellent. The PD location is detected by division of internal structure of transformer and application of neural network.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제14A권7호
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• pp.421-434
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• 2007

컴퓨터 그래픽스로 재현되는 많은 자연현상 중의 하나인 바다는 주변 환경에 의해 계속해서 움직이며 복잡한 형태를 나타낼 뿐만 아니라 그 규모가 거대하기 때문에 만족스러운 영상을 얻기 위해서는 많은 계산시간을 필요로 한다. 본 논문에서는 GPU를 연산유닛으로 활용하여 무한히 넓은 바다표면의 움직임을 실시간으로 빠르게 시뮬레이션하고 사실적으로 렌더링하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 Gerstner 모델에 의해 2차원 투사 격자에서 생성된 저해상도의 메쉬로 바다의 전체적인 구조와 큰 물결을 표현하고, 스펙트럼 모델에 의해 2차원 균일격자에서 생성된 높이 맵과 법선 맵을 사용하여 작은 물결과 자세한 수면의 모습을 표현한다. 전체 과정이 GPU에 의해 처리되기 때문에 CPU자원을 다른 연산에 양보할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 시스템 메모리와 그래픽스 하드웨어 사이에 기하정보(geometry data)의 이동이 없어 보다 빠른 렌더링이 가능하다. 제안하는 방법은 컴퓨터 게임과 같이 계산량이 많고 빠른 처리가 요구되는 실시간 애플리케이션에 활용 가능성이 크다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2011

원시 LiDAR 데이터는 벡터 구조이기 때문에 직접 활용 시 처리과정이 복잡해지지만, LiDAR 데이터를 필터링을 통해 정규 가상 격자 형태로 변환하면 데이터 용량이 감소되고 처리 속도가 빠르기 때문에 저가의 장비에서도 처리가 가능하다. 특히 Quadtree와 같은 영상 압축 처리 기법을 적용할 경우, 평활화를 통하여 비지면 요소인 자동차, 수목등이 제거되어 모델링에 유리하다는 장점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대용량의 LiDAR 데이터로부터 Quadtree와 영역확장법을 활용하여 지면점을 자동 추출할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제시하였으며, 오차분류기법을 활용하여 정확도를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 지면점 분류 정확도는 98%이상으로 나타나, 지면점 추출에 유리함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 Quadtree와 영역확장법을 활용시 자동차, 수목등의 비지면 요소들을 효과적으로 제거할 수 있었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.441-450
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• 2017

The objective of this work is to present a conceptual design and the modelling of a distributed sensor system based on fiber optic devices (Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG), aimed at measuring span-wise and chord-wise variations of an adaptive (morphing) trailing edge. The network is made of two different integrated solutions for revealing deformations of the reference morphing structure. Strains are confined to typical values along the span (length) but they are expected to overcome standard ranges along the chord (width), up to almost 10%. In this case, suitable architectures may introduce proper modulations to keep the measured deformation low while preserving the information content. In the current paper, the designed monitoring system combines the use of a span-wise fiber reinforced patch with a chord-wise sliding beam. The two elements make up a closed grid, allowing the reconstruction of the complete deformed shape under the acceptable assumption that the transformation refers to regular geometry variations. Herein, the design logic and some integration issues are reported. Preliminary experimental test results are finally presented.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.922-927
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• 2015

Checks are best considered as a (visible) sub-set of grids, and each check consists of two assemblies of parallel lines, one superimposed on the other at ninety degrees. In the conventional textile context, one assembly of parallel yarns is superimposed on another at ninety degrees. These parallel lines caused by the yarns remain visually apparent in the finished composition. Commonly, checks are considered simply as a variety of woven textile and Scottish clan tartans, or plaids (common terminology for tartans in the USA), famously display a checked feature, using differently colored yarns in woven-textile form. Often the sequence of colours and the numbers of yarns used is equal in both warp and weft directions. Where this is the case, the tartan may be considered to be 'balanced' or 'regular', with the component yarns creating square units repeating across and down the fabric. Thus in balanced tartans, lengthways components have identical ordering, colouring and measured width to those used widthways. Meanwhile an unbalanced check lacks one or more of these attributes. This paper explores further the nature of Scottish clan tartans, using data collected from collections of rare tartans held at ULITA - An Archive of International Textiles at the University of Leeds.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.348-351
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• 1995

A modified silicon direct bonding method has been developed alloying an intimate contact between grooved and smooth mirror-polished oxide-free silicon wafers. A regular set of grooves was formed during preparation of heavily doped $p^+$-type grid network by oxide-masking und boron diffusion. Void-free bonded interfaces with filing of the grooves were observed by x-ray diffraction topography, infrared, optical. and scanning electron microscope techniques. The presence of regularly formed grooves in bending plane results in the substantial decrease of dislocation over large areas near the interface. Moreover two strongly misoriented waters could be successfully bonded by new technique. Diodes with bonded a pn-junction yielded a value of the ideality factor n about 1.5 and the uniform distribution of series resistance over the whole area of horded pn-structure. The suitability of the modified technique was confirmed by I - V characteristics of power diodes and reversly switched-on dynistor(RSD) with a working area about $12cm^2$. Both devices demonstrated breakdown voltages close to the calculation values.