• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2018

Samples of Laru (a fermentation starter) obtained from the upper part of Borneo Island were analyzed for their lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and fungal diversity using both a culture-independent method (PCR-DGGE) and culture-dependent methods (SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF MS). Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus brevis, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Hyphopichia burtonii, and Kodamaea ohmeri were detected by all three methods. In addition, Weissella cibaria, Weissella paramesenteroides, Leuconostoc citreum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis, Rhizopus oryzae/Amylomyces rouxii, Mucor indicus, and Candida intermedia were detected by PCR-DGGE. In contrast, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pichia anomala, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida orthopsilosis were detected only by the culture-dependent methods. Our results indicate that the culture-independent method can be used to determine whether multiple laru samples originated from the same manufacturing region; however, using the culture-independent and the two culture-dependent approaches in combination provides a more comprehensive overview of the laru microbiota.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 2018

In this paper, we present a method for removing shadows from scanned documents. Compared to the existing methods such as one based on image pyramid representation or adaptive thresholding, our method produces more robust and higher quality results. The basic idea of the approach is to use the local image statistics and to separate interesting regions from the image such as the regions around letters and figures. For the separated regions, we adaptively adjust the local brightness and contrast, and apply the sigmoid function to the intensity values as well to enhance the clarity of the image. For separated the other empty regions, we apply the gradient-base image hole filling method to fill the region with smooth color change.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.279-282
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• 2005

We report the millimeter-wave radio observations of molecular cloud cores in Taurus. The observed line is the $N_2H^+$ emission at 93 GHz, which is known to be less affected by molecular depletion. We have compared starless (IRAS-less) cores with star-forming cores. We found that there is no large difference between starless and star-forming cores, in core radius, linewidth, core mass, and radial intensity profile. Our result is in contrast with the result obtained by using a popular molecular line, in which starless cores are larger and less condensed. We suggest that different results mainly come from whether the employed molecular line is affected by depletion or not. We made a virial analysis, and found that both starless and star-forming cores are not far from the critical equilibrium state, in Taurus. Together with the fact that Taurus cores are almost thermally supported, we conclude that starless Taurus cores evolve to star formation without dissipating turbulence. The critical equilibrium state in the virial analysis corresponds to the critical Bonnor-Ebert sphere in the Bonnor-Ebert analysis (Nakano 1998). It is suggested that the initial condition of the molecular cloud cores/globules for star formation is close to the critical equilibrium state/critical Bonnor-Ebert sphere, in the low-mass star forming region.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.831-833
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• 2004

A novel transflective-type LC mode with good display performance has been developed In order to drive both transmissive and reflective modes simultaneously without any modulation of gamma in a single-gap structure, we have introduced a new design concept in the reflective region, where the capacitance is separated into liquid crystal($C_{LC}$} and organic layer($C_{OL}$), playing a key role as a voltage divider in our cap-divided VA-mode. With this cap-divided method having both merits of simplifying process and good legibility, we have achieved good optical characteristics such as high contrast ratio and wide viewing angle in a single-gap homeotropic panel design.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.44 no.1 s.151
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• pp.40-47
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• 2007

This study is focused on developing a software that predicts the temperature distribution and infrared Emission from 30 objects considering the solar radiation through the atmosphere. The solar radiation through the atmosphere is modeled by using the well-known LOWTRAN7 code. Surface temperature information is essential for generating the infrared scene of the object. Predictions of the transient surface temperature and the infrared emission from a naval ship by using the software developed here show fairly good results by representing the typical temperature and emitted radiance distributions expected for the naval ship considered in mid latitude. Emissivity of each material is appeared to be an important parameter for recognizing the target in Infrared band region. The numerical results also show that the low emissivity surface on the heat source can be helpful in reducing the IR image contrast as compared to the background sea.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2009

The flow and heat/mass transfer characteristics on the squealer tip surface of a high-turning turbine rotor blade have been investigated at a Reynolds number of $2.09{\times}10^5$, by employing the oil-film flow visualization and naphthalene sublimation technique. The squealer rim height-to-chord ratio and tip gap height-to-chord ratio are fixed as typical values of $h_{st}/c$ = 5.5% and h/c = 2.0%, respectively, for turbulence intensities of Tu = 0.3% and 15%. The results show that the near-wall flow phenomena within the cavity of the squealer tip are totally different from those over the plane tip. There are complicated backward flows from the suction side to the pressure side near the cavity floor, in contrast to the plane tip gap flows moving toward the suction side after flow separation/reattachment. The squealer tip provides a significant reduction in tip surface thermal load with less severe gradient compared to the plane tip. In this study, the tip surface is divided into six different regions, and transport phenomena at each region are discussed in detail. The mean thermal load averaged over the squealer cavity floor is augmented by 7.5 percents under the high inlet turbulence level.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1518-1522
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• 2013

TYR (Tyrosinase) and TYRP1 (Tyrosinase-related protein 1) play crucial roles in determining the coat color of birds. In this paper, we aimed to characterize the relationship of TYR and TYRP1 genes with plumage colors in Korean quails. The SNPs were searched by cDNA sequencing and PCR-SSCP in three plumage color Korean quails (maroon, white and black plumage). Two SNPs ($367T{\rightarrow}C$ and $1153C{\rightarrow}T$) were found in the coding region of TYRP1 gene, but had no significant association with plumage phenotype in Korean quails. The expression of TYR was higher in black plumage quails than that in maroon plumage quails. In contrast, the expression of TYRP1 was lower in black plumage quails than that in maroon plumage quails. This study suggested that the melanic plumage color in Korean quails may be associated with either increased production of TYR or decreased production of TYRP1.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2006

Year-to-year variation of bottom cold waters around the Korea Strait was investigated based on bottom temperatures measured by submarine telephone cable between Pusan, Korea and Hamada, Japan from 1982 to 1992. The characteristics of bottom temperatures could be divided into three different groups: the Korean side, the middle, and the Japanese side. Temperature drops in summer appeared in all the three regions implying the intrusion of cold waters into the Korea Strait. Significant decreases in the Korean side were observed in 1983, 1986, 1990, 1991, and 1992 when bottom temperatures were high in the middle. In contrast, bottom temperatures significantly decreased in the middle in 1985, 1988, and 1989 when the temperature drops in the Korean side were relatively small. This tendency for a negative relationship was also shown in the second mode of an EOF analysis. In the years when bottom temperatures significantly decrease din the Korean side, the cold water along the east coast of Korea expanded offshore and its temperature was low. On the contrary, cold water in the southern region of the Ulleung Basin developed in the years when bottom temperatures decreased considerably in the middle.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.1680-1681
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• 2011

In this paper, particle counting system using a CMOS image sensor is demonstrated. The system utilizes a linear photodetector array as a detection element. Therefore, the particles are detected by large detection region, in contrast to a single detector in conventional particle counting devices, while maintaining the sensitivity. The advantage of proposed system is that particles are detected in a relatively large area without using the particle focusing method. Also, proposed system can be easily integrated with a microfluidic chip by attaching the device underneath the bottom plate of the microfluidic chip. Detection of polystyrene microbeads has been tested at a flow rate of 4.89mm/s. For 21 measurements, proposed system showed an average count error of 7.29% and a standard deviation of 4.74%. Potentially, the proposed system can detect even smaller particles simply by utilizing a higher resolution CMOS image sensor.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.643-646
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• 2016

Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle is a rare and challenging tumor to surgery because of its unique anatomical location and its close juxtaposition to the neurovascular structures and hypothalamus. The authors report a case of chordoid glioma of the third ventricle in a 43-year-old woman, who presented with headache and somnolence. The tumor was approached by endoscopic transnasal technique with a favorable result. Histopathologic examination disclosed a neoplastic tissue composed of eosinophilic epithelioid cells, mucinous, periodic acid Schiff-diastase positive, extracellular matrix, and scattered lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates. The best treatment option remains controversial. Customarily, the surgical route to remove chordoid glioma is transcranial; however, the undersurface of the optic chiasm and optic nerves preclude an adequate surgical visualization. In contrast, an expanded endoscopic transnasal approach provides a direct midline corridor to this region without any brain retraction.