• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.81 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2018

The role of the treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has been underscored in the intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden countries like South Korea. LTBI treatment is recommended only for patients at risk for progression to active TB-those with frequent exposure to active TB cases, and those with clinical risk factors (e.g., immunocompromised patients). Recently revised National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline recommended that close contacts of individuals with active pulmonary or laryngeal TB, aged between 18 and 65 years, should undergo LTBI treatment. Various regimens for LTBI treatment were recommended in NICE, World Health Organization (WHO), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines, and superiority of one recommended regimen over another was not yet established. Traditional 6 to 9 months of isoniazid (6H or 9H) regimen has an advantage of the most abundant evidence for clinical efficacy-60%-90% of estimated protective effect. However, 6H or 9H regimen is related with hepatotoxicity and low compliance. Four months of rifampin regimen is characterized by less hepatotoxicity and better compliance than 9H, but has few evidence of clinical efficacy. Three months of isoniazid plus rifampin was proved equivalence with 6H or 9H regimen in terms of efficacy and safety, which was recommended in NICE and WHO guidelines. The clinical efficacy of isoniazid plus rifapentine once-weekly regimen for 3 months was demonstrated recently, which is not yet introduced into South Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.562-580
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• 1995

This research was an attempt to make it possible to provide nursing care and health education meet- ing the need not of care givers but of patients by identifying the nature of patients' self regulation experiences. The specific objective of this study was : 1) to explore self regulation experiences of patients with adult disease. The phenomenological approach in qualitative studies is used to serve this purpose. Colaizzi's method is used for the phenomenological analysis of the data in this study, which were collected from 25 patients hospitalized in the internal medical ward and oriental medical ward of a Seoul hospital, suffering from adult disease such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. The research was conducted over a period of March to September, 1994. The investigator conducted participated observations and in-depth unstructured interviews which were audiotaped under the permission of patients. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify and categorize significant statements, formulating meanings, themes and theme clusters. The result is categorized as follows : Self regulation activities, their barriers and predisposing factors of a disease. Thirteen theme clusters of self regulation activities related to health identified were. “maintaining diet regimen”, “maintaining exercise regimen”, “maintaining medication regimen”, “maintaining oriental medical regimen”, “maintaining health monitoring regimen”, “maintaining self effort”, “maintaining religious life”, “maintaining social sup-port systems”, “maintaining peaceful mind”, “maintaining moderation in life”, “maintaining sincere attitude in life”, “maintaining natural life”, and “maintaining folk remedy” This findings confirm the fact that self regulation is complicatedly and diversely influenced by oriental medicine and folk remedy, and Korean traditional ideas melted in Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and Shamanism, and modern medical care and western culture. Seven theme clusters of self regulation barriers identified were : "lack of knowledge and self aware-ness", "lack of social supports", "lack of awareness of need in continuous regimen and treatment", "dissatisfaction with hospital and health care provider", "lack of self management ", "lack of will to combat illness", and "overconfidence in folk remedy" Four theme clusters of predisposing factors of a disease were : "cumulation of stressors", "fatalism", "careless life style", and "family history". In conclusion, this. study will prove helpful not only in understanding clients in light of our traditional culture but also in providing them with the kind of nursing care and health education satisfying their demands and particularly cultural needs.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1661-1666
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• 1999

Yungmijihwgang-Won, Yollyunggobon-Dan and Palmi-Hwan, Korea traditional prescriptions composed of oriental medical herbs, have been used successfully to improve human health and regimen. This study was designed to examine the mechanism of healthful effects of the Korea traditional prescriptions through its antioxidative potentials. Using in vitro antioxidative activity assay system such as DPPH radical quenching assay, superoxide anion radical scavenging assay and inhibition of TBARS production, three Korea traditional prescriptions were observed to have nearly the same antioxidative potentials as ascorbic acid, a well-known strong water-soluble antioxidant. Moreover, we observed reinforced antioxidative effects of these drugs in liver from mouse fed these drugs with 4 weeks. When liver homogenate was incubated with 2.2'-azobis(amidinopropane) dihydrochloride(AAPH), as a free radical initiator, we observed that oxidative damages were decreased and antioxidative potentials were increased in liver homogenate treated these drugs. However, enzymatic antioxidative system as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase was not affected by drug administration.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.108-120
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of social support on compliance to dietary regimen in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Two hundred eighty six adult non-insulin dependent diabetics from Seoul, Kyonggido, Kyongsangbukdo participated in the study. Researchers, dieticians, graduate students majoring in nutrition interviewed patients with a pre-structured questionnaire during June in 1998. The questionnaire included items about demographic factors, general characteristics about diabetes. social support, and compliance to dietary regimen. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation were used to analyze the data. The mean scores of support from family was 27.0(0∼44). support from relatives, friends, and colleagues was 14.7(0∼32). Mean score of intangible support from family was 19.9(0∼32) and 12.0(0∼24) from relatives, friends, and colleagues. Mean score of tangible support from family was 7.1 (0∼12) and 2.6(0∼8) from relatives, friends, and colleagues. The mean scores for compliance to dietary regimen was 31.6(0∼42). Regardless of type and source, there was significant(p<0.01) correlation between social support and dietary compliance. Therefore, inclusion of family members in nutrition education for diabetics is essential. It is necessary to find ways to increase social support from relatives, friends, and colleagues.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.1364-1370
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of compensatory growth nutritional regimen on mammary gland growth and lactation. One hundred twenty-two Sprague Dawley female rats (35 days of age) were randomly assigned to either a control or a stair-step compensatory nutrition (SSCN) feeding regimen or an alternating 2-2-3-3-week schedule beginning with 40% energy restriction for 2 weeks followed by re-alimentation (control diet) for 2 weeks. Pup weight gain and milk yield were improved 8% and 8 to 15%, respectively, by the SSCN regimen. The gene expression of $\beta$-casein was 2.3-fold greater in the SSCN group than in the control group during early lactation, but they were greater at all stages of the second lactation. The gene expression of insulin-like growth factor-I was 40% lower in the SSCN group than in the control group during early lactation of the second lactation, but during late lactation it was 80% greater than in the control group. The concentration of serum corticosterone tended to be higher in the SSCN group during the late stage of the first lactation. These results suggest that the stair-step compensatory nutrition regimen improves lactation performance and persistency by modulation of cell differentiation and apoptotic cell death.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.334-341
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to examine to control of glucose level and the occurrence of chronic complications of diabetes by compliance groups with health care regimen The subjects were consisted of 300 out patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from beginning of March through the end of April in 2001, who visited at the endocrinology department at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital of Catholic University in Seoul. The patient's compliance level with health care regimen was assessed at questionnaire. However, the blood glucose level and the occurrence of chronic complications of diabetes were assessed at medical record review. The data were analyzed by SAS program for chi square test and t-test. The results were as follows. 1. Significant differences were found among the factors such as duration of diabetes, the number of participation of diabetes educational program, job, smoking, self monitoring of blood glucose and the methods of diabetes therapy between high and low compliance groups. High compliance group patients had a diabetes longer than low compliance group patients. High compliance group patients more frequently attended the educational program and checked themselves monitoring blood glucose than low compliance group patients. Also, they did not work recently, smoked less and got more insulin injection therapy compared to low compliance group patients. 2. No significant differences were found among the result of fasting blood glucose. 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and $HbA_{l}c}$ between high and low compliance groups. 3. The occurrence rate of macrovascular complications of chronic complications of diabetes were lower, however, the occurrence rate of microvascular complications were higher in high compliance group than in low compliance group with health care regimen.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.206-210
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• 2015

Purpose: The use of a 12-week steroid regimen (long-term therapy, LT) for the first episode of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) reportedly induces a more sustained remission and lower relapse rate than previous regimens, including an 8-week steroid regimen (short-term therapy, ST). Here, we assessed the potential for selective application of 2 steroid regimens (LT vs. ST) based on the days to remission (early responders [ER] vs. late responders [LR]) for the first idiopathic NS episode in children. Methods: Patients were divided into 4 subgroups (ST+ER, ST+LR, LT+ER, and LT+LR) according to the initial steroid regimen used and rapidity of response; the baseline characteristics, relapse rates, and cumulative percentage of children with sustained remission were then compared among the 4 subgroups. Results: Fifty-four children received ST, and the remaining 45 children received LT. As observed in previous studies, children receiving LT showed significantly lower relapse rates during the first year after the first NS episode than those receiving ST. The ST+ER group showed significantly lower relapse rates during the first one year and two years after the first NS episode than the the ST+LR group, whereas there were no significant differences of the relapse rates and duration to the first relapse between the ST+ER and LT+ER groups. Conclusion: We suggest that the initial steroid regimen in idiopathic NS patients can be shortened according to the duration to remission i.e., LT in patients achieving remission after the first week of steroid therapy, and ST in those achieving remission within the first week of steroid therapy.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.165-173
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• 2016

Purpose: To identify the effects of modified parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN) regimens on the growth of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: The study included VLBW infants weighing <1,500 g, admitted to Chungnam National University Hospital between October 2010 and April 2014, who were alive at the time of discharge. Subjects were divided according to 3 periods: period 1 (n=37); prior to the PN and EN regimen being modified, period 2 (n=50); following the PN-only regimen modification, period 3 (n=37); following both PN and EN regimen modification. The modified PN regimen provided 3 g/kg/day of protein and 1 g/kg/day of lipid on the first day of life. The modified EN regimen provided 3.5-4.5 g/kg/day of protein and 150 kcal/kg/day of energy. We investigated growth rate, anthropometric measurements at 40 weeks postconceptional age (PCA) and the incidence of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) at 40 weeks PCA. Results: Across the 3 periods, clinical characteristics, including gestational age, anthropometric measurements at birth, multiple births, sex, Apgar score, surfactant use and PDA treatment, were similar. Growth rates for weight and height, from time of full enteral feeding to 40 weeks PCA, were higher in period 3. Anthropometric measurements at 40 weeks PCA were greatest in period 3. Incidence of weight, height and head circumference EUGR at 40 weeks PCA decreased in period 3. Conclusion: Beginning PN earlier, with a greater supply of protein and energy during PN and EN, is advantageous for postnatal growth in VLBW infants.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.239-247
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how well patients who had hip arthroplasty comply with medical regimens given to them after the operation. Method: The subjects of the study were patients who had arthroplasty at P Hospital between April 1, 2001 and August 30, 2002. 20 patients of the subjects experienced complications after the operation and the other 20 did not. Data from a survey using the qustionnaire were statistically analyzed in terms of real number, percentage point, mean and standard deviation by using $X^2$-test, t-test and ANOVA. Result: 1) the surveyed patients were significantly different in the compliance of medical regimen among them according to their education background as one of the subjects general characteristics. 2) It was found that the group of complication was higher in the compliance of medical regimen than that of non-complication. The two groups showed statistically significant difference with each other in the degree of compliance with therapeutic instructions than the experimental group in terms of the maintenance of abduction after the operation, training instructions on step-by-step basis, urination cotrol on bed, accurate use of crutch, compliance with medication, balance among medical treatment, training, leisure, rest and nutrition, instructions by physicians, nurses and physical therapists, use of low armchairs and toilet bowels and no bending of the body forward, and use of a non-operated leg in case of go upstairs or downstairs. Conclusion: It seems necessary to develop systematic and sessional education programs for improving the compliance of medical regimen, ultimately reducing complications following hip arthroplasty.

• Urogenital Tract Infection
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.66-71
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• 2018

Purpose: To determine the appropriate regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of bacterial infections in patients receiving percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and Methods: Forty patients, who planned to undergo PCNL from October 2015 to August 2017, were assigned randomly into two groups. Patients in the single-dose group (n=20) were administered an intravenous single dose of 2 g ceftriaxone 30 minutes before PCNL, whereas those in the three-days regimen group (n=20) were administered a preoperative intravenous single dose of 2 g ceftriaxone and an additional postoperative oral cefpodoxime proxetil (100 mg twice a day) for three days. The incidences of infectious complications in the two groups, such as pyrexia, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and sepsis, were compared. Results: Fever (axillary temperature >$38.0^{\circ}C$) did not develop in any of the patients in the single-dose group but developed in one patient (5.0%) in the three-day regimen group due to pneumonia (p=0.3). SIRS developed in a total of eight patients (20.0%), four patients from each group. None of the patients in either group developed sepsis after PCNL. Conclusions: The three-day prophylactic antibiotic regimen did not demonstrate better efficacy for the prevention of bacterial infections in patients with PCNL compared to the single-dose prophylactic antibiotic regimen.