• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.751-759
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• 2018

Glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRP) are widely exploited in many industrial branches. Due to this Structural Health Monitoring systems containing embedded fibre optics sensors are applied. One of the problems that can influence on composite element durability is water contamination that can be introduced into material structure during manufacturing. Such inclusion can be a damage origin significantly decreasing mechanical properties of an element. A non-destructive method that can be applied for inspection of an internal structure of elements is THz spectroscopy. It can be used for identifications of material discontinuities that results in changes of absorption, refractive index or scattering of propagating THz waves. The limitations of THz propagation through water makes this technique a promising solution for detection of a water inclusion. The paper presents an application of THz spectroscopy for detection and localisation of a water drop inclusion embedded in a GFRP material between two fibre optics with fibre Bragg grating sensors. The proposed filtering method allowed to determine a 3D shape of the water drop.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.350-355
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• 2004

A novel UV sensor was manufactured and characterized using the evanescentfield coupling between fiber-planar waveguide (PWG) coupler and prism. A spiroxazine dye was chosen as planar waveguide because its photochromic isomerization induced by UV irradiation. A novel UV sensor was proposed to measure the variation of refractive index and absorption coefficient simultaneously. The wavelength responses of these sensors by UV exposure times were measured 0.48 nm/sec, 0.757 nm/sec, and ATR output power variations were measured $-0.424{\mu}W$/sec and $-0.62{\mu}W$/sec when UV exposure power were 3 mW and 5 mW, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.493-496
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• 2000

This study is about the design and fabrication of optical voltage sensor modules improved in the insulation reliability, where we adopted the space-division voltage system using the auxiliary electrodes to apply the uniform electric fields to the BSO, the device of which the polarization state varies with the variation of refractive index in the electric fields. We measured the output of fiber-Optic Voltage Sensors with the temperature changes in the thermostatic oven. And we measured the output of Fiber-Optic Voltage Sensors after setting its up in the disttibuion automated switch being apply 60Hz alternating voltage from 6.6kV to 17.BkV. In result, measured error characteristic is good, so we can judge it is applicable to the practical case

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.652-659
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• 2021

The theoretical analysis and optimization of extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) opticalfiber humidity sensors are deeply investigated. For a typical dual-cavity structure composed of an optical fiber and a humidity-sensitive membrane (HSM), the changes in refractive index (RI) and initial length are discussed for polymer materials and porous oxide materials when relative humidity (RH) increases. The typical interference spectrum is simulated at different RH using MATLAB. The spectral change caused by changing HSM RI and initial length are simulated simutineously, showing different influences on humidity response. To deeply investigate the influence on RH sensitivity, the typical response sensitivity curves for different HSM lengths and air-cavity lengths are simulated. The results show that the HSM is the vital factor. Short HSM length can improve the sensitivity, but for HSM RI and length the influences on sensitivity are opposite, because of the opposite spectral-shift trend. Deep discussion and an optimization method are provided to solve this problem. According to analysis, an opaque HSM is helpful to improve sensitivity. Furthermore, if using an opaque HSM, a short air cavity and long HSM length can improve the sensor's sensitivity These results provide deep understanding and some ideas for designing and optimizing highly sensitive EFPI fiber humidity sensors.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.286-290
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• 2005

We have demonstrated a refractometer for liquid based on a side-polished fiber. The device consists of a side-polished single mode fiber and a rectangular space which plays a role of the multimode planar waveguide when it is infused with a liquid. We presented a simple method to acquire the refractive index of a liquid by use of the spacings of periodic resonance wavelengths of the device. The resolution of the fabricated refractometer was order of $10^{-5}$

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.8
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• pp.1412-1415
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• 2008

A glucose biosensor using a microdisk resonator in polymeric waveguides was developed by observing either the shift in the resonant wavelength or the variation in the optical power. The deformation in the transfer curve of the vertically coupled resonator sensor resulting from the variation in the disk-to-ring coupling, which was incurred by the application of the target analyze, was suppressed. And the refractive index of the polymeric waveguide was devised to closely follow that of the analyze itself for enhancing the sensitivity of the sensor. The sensitivity and measurement range were observed to be respectively 0.14 pm/(mg/dL) and 1500 mg/dL (theoretically up to 4700 mg/dL, for the wavelength shift method and 0.04 dB/(mg/dU and 140 mg/dL the power variation scheme.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.846-851
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• 2010

A liquid-air interface sensing system using the flat end surfaces of a fused-silica fiber coupler has been demonstrated. The principle is based on the additional optical loss caused by changing the refractive index of the external material at the boundary of the end face made of a fiber. The immersion characteristics of this system with respect to the different splitting ratios of the couplers were investigated to determine the sensitivity when it responses to water and air. These experimental data are very useful for selecting the coupling ratio of a coupler in order to develop a multiple sensing probe system. In the proposed sensor structure, it can be emphasize that the sensing probe can be appropriately arrayed on the basis of splitting ratio of the coupler. As a result, it is expected that the proposed liquid-air interface sensors can also be applied to monitor flooding that occurs in multiple areas at the same time.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.102-106
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• 1997

Micro gas sensors including thin film catal) tic type require stress-free memhrancs for etch stop of Si anisotropic etching and sublayer of sensing elements hecause stress is one of the main factors affecting breakdown of thin membranes. This paper reports the effects of deposition conditions on stress and refractive index of $SiN_{x}/SiO_{x}/(NON)$ films deposited by low pressure c11ernic;rl vapor deposition(L, t'CVI)) 2nd reactve sputtering. In the case of I.PCVI1, the stresses of $SiN_{x}$ and NON films arc $7.6{\times}10^{8}dyne/cm^2$ and $3.3{\times}10^{8}dyne/cm^2$, respectibely, and the refractive indices are 3.05 and 152, respectively. In the cxse oi the sputtered SiN, , compressi\e stress decreased in magnitude and then turned to tensility as increasing proc, ess pressure by lmtorr to 30mtorr and cicreasmg applied power density by $2.74W/cm^2$ to $1.10W/cm^2$. The hest value of film stress obt;~ined under condition of lOmtorr and $1.37W/cm^2$ in this' experiment was $1.2{\times}10^{9}dyne/cm^2$ cnnipressive. The refr~ict~ve index decreased from 2 05 to 1 89 as decreasing applied power density by lnitorr to 3Orntorr and increasing process pressure hy $2.74W/cm^2$ to $1.10W/cm^2$. Stresses of films deposited by both LPCVL) and sputtering decreased as incre;lsing temperature and showed plastic behavior as decreasing temperature.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.401-406
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• 2007

In this paper, we fabricated the polymer waveguide type surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using a white light source and optical spectrum analyzer (OSA). Fabricated sensor uses the principle of phase matching between evanescent wave and surface plasmon wave. According to the measuring result, the shift of resonance wavelength conducts the change of the refractive index. The proposed SPR sensor is expected to apply the integrated multichannel SPR sensor and the realtime monitoring system.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.236-239
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• 2019

In this work, we performed an optical simulation study on the performance of a PMDPP3T:PCBM based on an organic photovoltaic (PV) device. The virtual PV device was developed in Lumerical, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solutions. Different layers of the PV cell have been defined through the incorporation of complex refractive index value of those layers' constituent materials. During the simulation study, the effect of the variation active layer thickness on an ideal short circuit current density ($J_{sc,ideal}$) of the PV cell has been, first, observed. Thereafter, we have investigated the impact of surface roughness of a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrode on $J_{sc,ideal}$ of the PV cells. From this simulation, it has been observed that the $J_{sc,ideal}$ value of the PV cell is strongly dependent on the thickness of its active layer and the photon absorption of the PV cell has gradually decreased with the increment of the TCO's surface roughness. As a result, the capability of the PV device has been reduced with the increment of the surface roughness of the TCO.