• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제12권20호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1989

The main contribution this research is the development of methodology which is capable of solving problems associated with the capacity expansion and operating schedule of energy industries. The principal concern of such industries is the proper allocation of primary energy which are required for the production of sufficient supply of electricity and petroleum products for the Korea`s energy needs. Nonlinear programming models are developed for power generation expansion planning and for the oil refinery industry. In order to deal with uncertainties about future demands for final energy, chance-constrained programming is used to formulate appropriate constraints. The methodology of the model can be used to evaluate Korean energy and expansion planning in the energy industry, especially the electric power generation industry and the refinery industry.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.381-418
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• 2008

동북아 3국(한국, 중국, 일본)의 원유시장 수급과, 원유수급에 영향을 주는 석유제품별 수급 현황을 살펴보는 것은 원유와 석유제품수급에서 발생할 수 있는 석유안보의 의미를 검토하는데 도움을 준다. 2006년 동북아 3국의 석유시장에서는 1,060만 배럴/일의 수급불균형이 발생하였고, 2030년에는 1,550~2,200만 배럴/일의 불균형이 발생할 것으로 전망되며, 이러한 수급불균형은 국가간 교역으로 해결되고 있다. 원유소비는 다양한 석유제품의 수요로 나타나는데, 2005년 중국은 경유>휘발유>연료유>LPG>나프타>등 항공유, 일본은 경유>휘발유>나프타>등 항공유>연료유>LPG, 한국은 나프타>경유>연료유>LPG>등 항공유>휘발유 순의 수요패턴을 보였다. 수요가 주어진 경우, 석유제품의 공급을 담당하는 각국의 주어진 정제시설규모는 공급 측면에서 석유제품의 수불균형에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 관련하여 3국의 상압증류시설과 이용률에 관해서 함께 살펴본다. 본 연구는 원유와 석유제품의 수급, 그리고 정제설비시장의 국가별 분포와 계획 등과 석유안보의 개념이 무관하지 않음을 실제 자료를 통해 평가해 보고, 석유안보 확보를 위한 다양한 방안마련에 대해 논의한다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2020

The leakage accident from a storage tank in an oil refinery plant occurred in April 2014 and the total loss is KRW 18 billion. This accident has prompted many companies to develop their own mitigation system to minimize the loss of the leakage accident. The aim of this study is to design the temporary storage facility system for dealing with leakage accidents. The basic concept of this system is that the leakage fluid of a hazardous material flows into a temporary storage tank and this is transferred to a spare tank by a pump as avoiding the overflow of a temporary storage tank. In order to design this system, the leakage velocity and quantity according to time series should be evaluated. In addition, a proper pump capacity should be determined to avoid repeating the pump switching on and off frequently. In this study, the benzene tank is selected to verify the efficacy of this system. This study can play a critical role to provide a guideline for designing a new system.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2006

Hydrogen is used as a chemical feedstock in several important industrial processes, including oil refineries and petro-chemical production. But, nowadays hydrogen is focused as energy carrier on the rising of problems such as exhaustion of fossil fuel and environmental pollution. Thermochemical hydrogen production by nuclear energy has potential to efficiently produce large quantities of hydrogen without producing greenhouse gases, and research of nuclear hydrogen, therefore, has been worked with goal to demonstrate commercial production in 2020. The oil refineries and petro-chemical plant are very large, centralized producers and users of industrial hydrogen, and high-potential early market for hydrogen produced by nuclear energy. Therefore, it is essential to investigate and analyze for state of domestic hydrogen market focused on industrial users. Hydrogen market of petro-chemical industry as demand site was investigated and worked for demand forecast of hydrogen in 2020. Also we suggested possible supply plans of nuclear hydrogen considered regional characteristics and then it can be provided basis for determination of optimal capacity of nuclear hydrogen plant in 2020.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.943-962
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• 2014

Industrial gas drying, dilute gas mixtures purification, air fractionation, hydrogen production from steam reformers and petroleum refinery off-gases, etc are conducted by using adsorptive separation technology. The pressure swing adsorption (PSA) has certain advantages over the other methods, such as absorption and membrane, that are a low energy requirement and cost-effectiveness. A key component of PSA systems is adsorbents that should be highly selective to a gas being separated from its mixture streams and have isotherms suitable for the operation principle. The six standard types of isotherms have been examined in this review, and among them the best behavior in the adsorption of $CO_2$ as a function of pressure was proposed in aspects of maximizing a working capacity upon excursion between adsorption and desorption cycles. Zeolites and molecular sieves are historically typical adsorbents for such PSA applications in gas and related industries, and their physicochemical features, e.g., framework, channel structure, pore size, Si-to-Al ratio (SAR), and specific surface area, are strongly associated with the extent of $CO_2$ adsorption at given conditions and those points have been extensively described with literature data. A great body of data of $CO_2$ adsorption on the nanoporous zeolitic materials have been collected according to pressure ranges adsorbed, and these isotherms have been discussed to get an insight into a better $CO_2$ adsorbent for PSA processes.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.106-131
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• 2016

The general purpose of this paper is to identify opportunities for and to measure existing collaboration on research and development between institutions from the countries of Asia and Latin America in FEALAC's framework, in the fields of biotechnology and nanotechnology and their convergence. The methodological approach includes scientific and technological surveillance and research seeking to identify both the R&D and innovation capacities of the countries as well as the degree of international cooperation between countries of the two regions; case studies and a study of the governance framework of international collaboration in R&D about issues considered global challenges. The study has three main findings. First, nanotechnology, biotechnology and their convergence contribute to solving the problem of contamination by heavy metals affecting most of the countries that are part of FEALAC and to address problems arising from the accelerated rate of energy consumption, which also contributes to environmental damage. In this scenario, important business opportunities arise from the adaptation and development of bio-refinery technologies. Second, the scientific relationship between FEALAC countries, mainly between Asian and Latin American countries, is weak as can be seen in research for articles and patents. But there is plenty of room and potential for improvement. Third, current and upcoming joint R&D programs and projects should be linked both to existing governance structures and to new ones that serve as experiments of STI public policy regarding innovative management of intellectual property and capacity building. Practical implications are included in lessons learned and a set of recommendations involving a couple of proposals. One proposal calls for research and innovation in promising fields for international cooperation. Another proposal creates mechanisms in the governance framework for sharing knowledge, capacity building, and funding.

• 공업화학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2010

이산화탄소 포집을 위해 가장 일반적으로 이용되고 있는 방법은 알카놀아민인 모노에탄올아민(MEA) 용매를 이용한 가역적 화학흡수이다. 이러한 MEA 용매는 $CO_{2}$와 반응성이 우수한 반면 다른 흡수제에 비해 연소배가스에 포함되어 있는 이산화탄소, 산소 및 기타 산성가스들에 의한 흡수제의 성능저하, 부식 및 열화현상을 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 정유공정의 스팀 리포밍공정으로부터 열화된 MEA 시료를 이용하여 연구되었다. 일반적으로 사용되는 흡수제인 MEA 용매와 열화된 용매의 성능을 비교 분석하였다. MEA 30 wt% 흡수제와 열화물(DP) 20 wt% + PZ 10 wt% 흡수제의 경우 흡수용량이 각각 $0.5365mol_{CO2}/mol_{absorbent}$와 $0.5939mol_{CO2}/mol_{absorbent}$로 증진제(PZ)에 의해 흡수능이 향상되었음을 확인하였다. 반면 흡수속도는 MEA 30 wt% 흡수제가 $1.1610kg_{f}/cm^2{\cdot}min$로 열화물(DP) 20 wt% + PZ 10 wt% 흡수제의 $0.5310kg_{f}/cm^2{\cdot}min$보다 높게 나타났으나, 열화물 30 wt% 단독으로 사용하였을 때 $0.3525kg_{f}/cm^2{\cdot}min$보다는 향상되었다. 따라서 적합한 증진제의 선정을 통해 열화물도 $CO_{2}$ 흡수제로서 재사용할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.372-376
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• 2010

세계적인 자원 확보에 대한 경쟁과 재래에너지의 한계성으로 비재래 에너지가 미래의 에너지원으로 주목받고 있다. 그중에서도, 특히 중질유 및 오일샌드를 경질화하여 부가가치를 높이는 중질유분의 고부가화 공정에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 다양한 형태의 중질 탄화수소로부터 Deasphalted Oil (DAO)를 생산하는 Solvent Deasphalting (SDA) 기술이 기존 정제산업에서 사용되어져 왔고, 비재래 에너지원에서의 사용에도 주목받고 있다. 자원 확보 경쟁에 나선 일부 국가에서는 SDA 기술에 대하여 이미 활발한 연구개발 및 DAO의 상업생산을 시작하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 SDA 기술 개발을 위해 필요한 특허분석을 하였고, SDA특허기술이 출원되기 시작한 1970년대부터 최근까지의 한국, 미국, 일본, 캐나다(캐나다 특허는 1950년도 이후 문헌부터 검색), 유럽, 국제특허를 이용하여, 추출, 회수, 용매 및 기타로 세부기술을 분리한 후, 총 334건을 SDA 기술과 관련된 특허로 추출하여 분석하였다. SDA 기술의 연도별 출원동향을 살펴보면, 대략 10년을 주기로 감소하는 구간이 나타나나 전체적으로는 증가하고 있는 경향을 보이고 있으며, 미국특허가 131건(39%)으로 가장 많으며, 그 다음으로 캐나다특허 83건(25%), 유럽특허 45건(13%), 일본특허 35건(11%)으로 나타났으며, 한국특허는 6건(2%)을 출원하여 가장 낮은 출원건수를 보였다. 다른 나라에 비해 SDA 관련 기술이 취약한 한국은 에너지 자원 기술의 효율적 이용을 위해서 SDA 기술에 대한 연구 개발 및 정부지원이 반드시 필요할 것으로 생각된다.