• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 하구 염습지 생태계 복원 및 조성을 위한 기초적 연구로서, 낙동강 하구 사주섬인 진우도에 서식하는 갈대의 서식환경 특성을 파악하기 위하여 저질의 함수량, 입도분포, pH, 영양염 농도($NH_4-N$, $PO_4-P$), 지하수위, 지반고, 갈대 개체수 및 최대 높이 등의 조사를 실시하였다. 조사결과 연구대상 지역의 저질 입경 및 함수량이 갈대 서식환경에 미치는 영향은 적은 것으로 나타났으며, pH는 식생대와 비식생대 정점의 차이가 없었고, $NH_4-N$와 $PO_4-P$ 농도도 정점별 차이가 없었다. 식생대 영역에서 해안선 쪽으로 갈수록 지반고가 낮으며 개체수는 감소하였고, 지하수위는 높게 나타났다. 따라서 낙동강 하구 염습지의 갈대서식 환경에 영향을 미치는 주요인자는 지반고와 지하수위가 크게 기여하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2017년도 공동학술발표회
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• pp.189-189
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• 2017

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 1998

We examined whether several reeds, which are found around Ulsan area, could be used for downflow reed-bed to remove pollutants of sewage. Three kinds of reed, such as Phagnltes auspuis, ha orientdls, and Phduis aundinacea L., were collected from their habitats near the Taehwa River in Ulsan City. In the minimized model system of dowMlow reed-bed, P.auskdls appeared to reduce BOD more than others did but s119h11y Increase total amount of nitrogen(N). When p. auspdis were placed in the sterilized water. total nitrogen was found to be signincantly increased dependent on the number of experimental plant In the sterilized state, but it was rather decreased in the non-sterilized state. With these results, nlicroorganisms attached to p.auspuis roots can be thought to work for removal of pollutants. Therefore, these microorganisms and their habitat, p. auskdis reed bed, together can be used for sewage treatment It was suggested that oxygen Is produced by photosynthesis reaction of P ecustrdis. The increased oxygen may help microorganisms in their habitats to work on the removal of pollutants.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2019

We compared the functional traits of leaf blades and culms of common reed (Phragmites australis) in four habitat types of distinguished environments such as temperature, precipitation, water characteristics, and indices related to biomass production (montane fen, MF; riparian marsh, RM; lagoon, LG; and salt marsh, SM). We also examined the relationships between the functional traits within and among populations. Four populations showed remarkable differences in the functional traits of leaf blades and culms. MF and RM had relatively tall (> 300 cm) and thick (> 8 mm) culms bearing long leaf blades (> 40 cm), whereas LG and SM had relatively shorter and thinner culms bearing shorter leaf blades than MF and RM. Some relationships between the functional traits of leaf blades and culms showed negative or not significant correlations within the population, whereas most of the relationships between the functional traits showed positive correlations particularly when all the data from four populations was included into the correlation analysis.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2014

Seasonal monitoring was implemented to understand the influence of macrophyte bed structure on the composition and trophic interaction of aquatic organisms (algae, zooplankton, macro-invertebrate, and fish) in a shallow wetland (Upo Wetland, South Korea). Distinct division of the plant assemblage (reed zone and mixed plant zone) was observed. The reed zone was composed solely of Phragmites communis, whereas the mixed plant zone comprised a diverse macrophyte assemblage (Salvinia natans, Spirodela polyrhiza, Trapa japonica, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Hydrilla verticillata). Most of the aquatic organisms were more abundant in the mixed plant zone than in the reed zone, and this was positively associated with the seasonal development of macrophyte cover. Stable isotope analysis showed seasonal interactions among aquatic organisms. The majority of aquatic animal (zooplankton, Odonata, and Ephemeroptera) were dependent on epiphytic particulate organic matter (EPOM), and the dependence on EPOM gradually increased toward autumn. Interestingly, Lepomis macrochirus consumed Ephemeroptera and zooplankton in both macrophyte zones, but Micropterus salmoides depended on different food items in the reed zone and the mixed plant zone. Although, M. salmoides in the reed zone showed food utilization similar to L. macrochirus, it consumed Odonata or small L. macrochirus in the mixed plant zone. Based on these results, it appears that differences in the structure of the two macrophyte zones support different assemblages of aquatic organisms, strongly influencing the trophic interactions between the aquatic organisms.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.150-154
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• 2018

In lotic wetlands, runner reed (Phragmites japonicus) plays a role as a pioneer, which helps other plant species to settle by making dense roots trapping floating-sediments. In lentic wetlands, on the other hand, P. japonicus could play a role as an invader threatening biodiversity by forming tall and dense stands. To conserve an abandoned paddy terrace in mountainous areas, a habitat of an endangered dragonfly species (Nannophya pygmaea), from the monotypic-occupation by P. japonicus, we applied three kinds of treatment: (1) hand-clipping in 2009, (2) mechanical excavating in 2012, and (3) planting of alternative vegetational unit in 2012. We have monitored vegetation changes in the wetland in 2008~2012 and 2017. Vegetation cover of P. japonicus sharply decreased from 43% in 2011 to 16% in 2012 by the mechanical excavation. After 5 years from applying the treatment, Schoenoplectiella mucronata that was utilized in the planting became the predominant species instead of P. japonicus and the number of wetland plant species increased from 16 to 25 with the shift in species composition. This study showed the utility of three control methods of P. japonicas in a lentic wetland.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2003

본 연구는 한강 유역의 팔당댐 부근(1조사지역), 밤섬 일대(2조사지역), 난지도 일대(3조사지역) 등 3개의 지역에서 서식환경의 차이에 따른 조류군집의 특성을 파악하고자 2001년 5월부터 2002년 1월까지의 기간동안 실시되었다. 서식환경 중 3개 지역 모두 수역의 비율이 가장 높았으며, 1조사지역은 산림의 비율이 높았고, 2조사지역은 다양한 유형의 서식환경이 존재하였다. 조류군집 조사 결과 총 52종의 조류가 관찰되었으며, 겨울을 중심으로 오리류의 비율이 가장 높았다 지역별로 2조사지역과 1조사지역의 서식밀도가 높았으나, 3조사 지역은 낮은 서식밀도를 나타내었다. 겨울조사에서 2조사지역은 수면성 오리류. 1조사지역은 잠수성 오리류의 비율이 높았다. 잠수성 오리류는 2조사지역에서는 비오리, 1조사지역에서는 흰죽지(Aythya ferina)가 대부분이었다. 이외에 1조사지역에서 물닭(Fulica atra)도 높은 비율을 차지하였다. 수면성 오리류의 경우 2조사 지역에 채식지로 이용 가능한 다양한 서식환경이 존재하는 것과 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 1조사지역에서 흰죽지와 물닭의 서식밀도가 높은 것은 수심이 일정하고 수생식물이 풍부한 것과 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 가장 낮은 서식밀도를 보인 3조사지역의 경우 하안과 고수부지를 자연성이 높은 환경으로 조성해 준다면 조류의 종다양성이 증가할 수 있을 것으로 보인다 이를 한강 유역의 다른 지역에 적용한다면, 조류의 서식처로서 한강 유역의 잠재성을 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.389-406
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• 2023

본 연구지역은 우리나라 서해북부 초입부로 철새류의 중간기착지로 이용되던 갯벌을 매립하고 조성된 송도국제자유도시에서 조류 이입이 확인된 축소(잔존갯벌, site.1) 및 창출(인공호수, site.2)된 서식지 2개소와 개발 전 부터 안정된 서식지를 유지하고 있는 서식지 1개소(남동유수지, site.3)를 대상으로 실시한 조류군집과 서식환경조사를 기초로 서식지 평가를 실시하고 서식지 관리방안을 제안하였다. 2022년 1월부터 12월까지(총 39차례) 관찰된 조류는 총 14과 48종 20,760개체로 기존 서식지에 비해 새로 조성된 서식지로 이입되는 종과 개체수가 상대적으로 적었고 서식지 평가 중 갯벌등급에서 축소나 창출된 서식지는 I~II등급인 반면 기존 서식지는 상대적으로 높은 III등급으로 평가되었다. 서식지유형에 대한 분석에서 유형별 면적보다는 유형의 다양성과 인위적 간섭에 대한 대책이 확보된 기존 서식지에서 다양한 조류의 서식이 확인 되었는 바, 서식지유형의 다양성이 다양한 조류의 유입에 관여한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 서식지 관리를 위한 조류종을 선정하고, 선정된 종의 서식특성을 고려한 서식지 유형별 평가를 통한 서식지 관리계획 수립방안으로 주변으로부터 간섭을 최소화할 수 있는 차폐녹지조성(=완충녹지)과 출현종 및 서식지유형간 상관분석을 통해 저수지와 양의 상관관계에 있는 갈대숲의 창출(site.1, 2)과 서식밀도가 높고 주요서식지 유형인 갯벌과 양의 상관관계가 있는 모래톱의 개선(site.1)을 통해 향후 안정된 서식지가 복원 유지될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구를 통해 연구대상지와 입지적이나 환경이 유사한 서해안 간척(매립)지역 등 개발예정지역의 철새류 도래지역에서 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.172-192
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• 1983

Light environment and growth of Panax ginseng In habitat and cultivation under natural shade were renewed. Grower's experiences on ginseng stand In relation to light environment were assessed. Change of shading method and grower's concepts on light requirement of ginseng plant in Korea, Manchuria and Japan was counted. Growth of wild ginseng was better under rich light. Optimum crown density index appeared to be 0.7 In natural habitat and 0.4 to 0.7 for the cultivation in forest. Change of light Intensity in forest was greatest in May and reached near to constant value (from 40% to 3% for broad leaf deciduous forest and loom 4% to 2% for pine forest). Insufficient light condition induced long and thin stem, poor flowering and seed bearing, and sequent dormancy. Relation between light and ginseng strand was not clear but light Interception with cool weather was effective. Topography and orientation of bed have been deeply considered for light environment. Panel or bark of won were used for shading in deep forest manly In Manchuria while reed blind and straw thatch were used in Korea. Kinds and number of shades material and seasonal or daily schedule have been simplified probably by labor pressure due to eulargement of plantation. Post height has been greater while width of roof, bed and ditch has changed lisle. Scientific survey in the past omitted important light control methods (complete light hardening etc) which has been practiced in specific areas. The concept and technique of light control in the past in Korea were delicate and intensive including the control of temperature and moisture. For the application of old concept in modem cultivation precise Investigation of the technique including the measurement of light, temperature and moisture is needed.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2008

Human activity has been the major threat to wetlands. Agriculture, industrial development, and urban and suburban sprawl have caused the greatest losses of coastal wetlands. In fact, riceland agriculture, because of the flooding that goes with it, provides some additional wetland habitat not otherwise available. The biggest current source of loss for freshwater coastal wetlands is from urban sprawl. In this study, spatial analysis method such as landscape index were applied to Sihwa area in Ansan city. The SMA (Spectral Mixture Analysis) method using Landsat image showed the change distribution of wetland vegetation from 1996 to 2004. The southern part of Sihwa wetland have been changed with Suda japonica of 24% and reed vegetation of 34% on coastal wetland which were covered with tidal flat.