• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.133-145
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• 2008

Objectives: The aim of present study was to investigate recovery effects of Hirudo, which has been used clinically in diabetes therapy. Methods: We established three groups: normal, control, Hirudo, and assigned 6 rats to each group. The normal group was not treated by any process and fed by normal saline. The control & Hirudo groups were administered streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. Hirudo extract was orally administered to the Hirudo group for 10 days. After 8 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and their body weight, 24hrs urinary protein excretion, glucose, albumin, BUN, creatinine, total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride in blood, and level of glycation end-product (AGE) and transforming growth factor (TGF-${\beta}1$) in serum were measured. Morphological profiles and morphometric studies of the kidney cortex, renal transforming growth factor (TGF-${\beta}1$) expression, and renal receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) expression were studied. Results: The following results were obtained. The protein amount in urine per 24hrs of the Hirudo-treated group as compared to the control group was significantly reduced. The BUN and creatinine level in serum of the Hirudo-treated group as compared to the control group was significantly inhibited. The construction change in kidney of the Hirudo-treated group as compared to the control group was significantly inhibited. The factor of the Hirudo-treated group as compared to the control group was significantly inhibited, which induced the construction change in kidney. Conclusions: The above results suggest that Hirudo partially improved the function of the kidney.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.169-177
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• 2017

Patient management is considered an important factor in dental field. The aim of this review is to analyze the efficacy of hypnosis to treat fear, anxiety, pain, stress of dental patients, and see how it can be adopted in dentistry for improving patient satisfaction. Medline research was carried out to find the use of hypnosis in dentistry and other aspects of hypnosis in medical area. It can help patient more comfortable, relax, and accordingly reduce patient's negative feelings such as fear, anxiety, pain, stress during dental treatment. Also, it affects patient recovery after surgery by accelerating healing speed and reinforce immune system. When hypnosis is used with other anesthetic method, it can reduce the use of main medication, leading to reduce possibility of side effect. Therefore, using Hypnosis can give patients more comfortable dental experience, both mentally and physically, ultimately making patients more satisfied with the dental treatment.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2020

Cognitive impairment is symptoms of dementia, a degenerative brain disease that is drawing attention in a rapidly aging society. This study was conducted to investigate the improvement of cognitive function of Leonurus japonicus on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice and the effect and mechanism of memory recovery. In vivo studies were conducted on mice orally pretreated with L. japonicus in doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg (p.o.) and scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) were injected 30 min before the behavioral task. Antioxidant activity was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity evaluated by Ellman's method. In behavior studies showed that L. japonicus has an improved the memory of scopolamine-treated mice in Y-maze, passive avoidance and Morris water maze test. In addition, L. japonicus was also exerted free radical scavenging activity and inhibited acetyl cholinesterase activity. These results suggest that L. japonicus improves short-term and long-term memory in scopolamine-induced memory decline model and prevents scopolamine-induced memory impairments through in reduced oxidative stress and acetyl cholinesterase inhibition effect. Thus, L. japonicus is related to functional medicinal materials for prevention and treatment of human dementia patients.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.489-496
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• 2000

This study was conducted in order to find an ideal working fluid kind and a proper filling amount in the heat pipe as well as an inclined angle of heat pipe when they are placed to recover exhaust gas heat in the hot air heater. Followings are the findings of this research. 1. Of the four different working fluids-gasoline kerosene distilled water and acetone-acetone filled heat pipe showed the best performance giving out more homogeneous temperature profile on the radiating part than the kerosene and gasoline heat pipe an carrying out heat transmitting function better than the distilled water heat pipe by 10~2$0^{\circ}C$ higher on the radiating part. Acetone would be a good choice for recycling of exhaust gas heat in the hot air heater. 2. Of the filling amount of working fluid inside the heat pipes dry-out situations possible caused by insufficient filling were found in the filling amount of 5, 7.5 and 10% heat pipes as heat supply rate increases gradually in the range of 50 to 15kJ/sec. but no dry-out and stabilized heat transmitting performance occurred in the heat pipes of 12.5 and 15% filling at the same heat supply rate. It recommends that filling amount shall exceed 12.5% at least with the working fluids of this experiment. 3. The test revealed that the heat transmitting performance of heat pipe was more affected by filling amount rather than inclined angle.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2010

Objective: The focus of this study is brain plasticity associated with semantic aspects of language function in patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) Methods: Using longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), patterns of brain activation were observed in twelve left and seven right unilateral mTLE patients during a word-generation task relative to a pseudo-word reading task before and after anterior temporal section surgery. Results: No differences were observed in precentral activations in patients relative to normal controls (n = 12), and surgery did not alter the phonological-associated activations. The two mTLE patient groups showed left inferior prefrontal activations associated with semantic processing (word-generation>pseudo-word reading), as did control subjects. The amount of semantic-associated activation in the left inferior prefrontal region was negatively correlated with epilepsy duration in both patient groups. Following temporal resection, semantic-specific activations in inferior prefrontal region became more bilateral in left mTLE patients, but more left-lateralized in right mTLE patients. The longer the duration of epilepsy in the patients, the larger the increase in the left inferior prefrontal semantic-associated activation after surgery in both patient groups. Semantic activation of the intact hippocampus, which had been negatively correlated with seizure frequency, normalized after the epileptic side was removed. Conclusion: These results indicate alternation of semantic language network related to recruitment of left inferior prefrontal cortex and functional recovery of the hippocampus contralateral to the epileptogenic side, suggesting an intra- and inter-hemispheric reorganization following surgery.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.66-75
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• 2017

Background: After a stroke, the control of the trunk muscle may be severely impaired. Due to the importance of trunk control in complex daily postures, the ability to adopt a correct sitting posture is considered a determinant of the recovery of independent function after a stroke. Objects: The purposes of this study were to compare differences in buttock pressure between the left and right sides of hemiplegic patients and differences in their pelvic tilting angles (sagittal and coronal planes) after sitting training with visual biofeedback (VBF) in real time. Methods: Twenty-two individuals with unilateral strokes (11 left-side and 11 right-side hemiplegic stroke patients) participated in this study. Buttock pressure was measured using a pressure mat, and pelvic angles were measured using a palpation meter. Results: The asymmetry of pressure between the right and left (first and third chamber) sides was significantly decreased after the VBF training. The measurements obtained using the palpation meter revealed a significant decrease in the pelvic angles pre- versus post-intervention. Conclusion: VBF training may be distribute a patient's buttock pressure equally while in a sitting posture and increase the length of time a stroke patient can maintain a symmetrical sitting posture. It can also improve pelvic control while sitting in a neutral position.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.13-23
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the expression method according to the planning of townhouse and the healing method that affects residents for communicating with natural environment, in order to propose resident-focused communication with nature for healing. The results are as follows. First, the expression of nature elements can be divided into 'direct' and 'indirect' and healing effects through nature can be divided into 'body' and 'psychology'. The healing method of residents through nature was classified into physical and psychological healing through openness, familiarity, comfort, and stability. Second, as an expression method according to townhouse planning, the arrangement plan induced active communication with nature through the arrangement according to topography and a common garden. In terms of construction plan, a bigger window or door than that of other residential spaces was installed on a wall, ceiling or opening to directly bring the nature of outside visually for more communication. Third, with regard to healing methods of townhouse, 'openness' which reduces depression and increases self-esteem, expands the view of residents. 'Familiarity', the healing method that can relieve the fatigue of eyes and bring psychological warmth and comfort, makes us feel familiar through the pattern and texture of woods and stones that are natural materials. 'Comfort' which heals residents by creating an outside space and bringing the nature elements through a huge window can provide psychological healing such as eased tension in daily life as well as physical healing such as vitamin D synthesis and the recovery of physiological function. Also, 'Stability' gives a comfortable feeling by applying the colors of finishing materials inside or seeing the colors of surrounding nature as it is through big windows. Finally, in order to support the results of this study more objectively, a follow-up study conducting a survey on the residents of townhouse is needed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.123-129
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• 2002

This research is aiming to specify the requirement of the investment such as initial cost, running cost earning rate to make effective investment considering the purpose of remodeling and economical value of store building enough to meet the initial purpose of remodeling. The review of earning rate for economical evaluation was performed by the on-site auditing on the structure and function of the building and applying the assessment simulation program, which is to find the possible business model to identify the requirement of building owner through case study. After the research, the following results are obtained. First, it is important that many aspects should be carefully analysis and the best method should be selected as characteristics of remodeling can tie defer each other in their implementations. Second, though the remodeling of exist buildings to promote the functions has been applied. no suitable assessment tool has bee developed for deriding the level of remodeling in the view of economical efficiency so far. Third, the economical benefit was evaluated by analysing annual earning rate which is applied by investment items and recovery period for the investment. More specific data base should be established to apply the suggested economic accession in business enough to forecast the future circumstances. More researches should be promoted on this area continuously as well as the integrated economic evaluation of remodeling on existing building.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.286-292
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• 2020

Imaging through multicore fiber (MCF) is of great significance in the biomedical domain. Although several techniques have been developed to image an object from a signal passing through MCF, these methods are strongly dependent on the surroundings, such as vibration and the temperature fluctuation of the fiber's environment. In this paper, we apply a new, strong technique called deep learning to reconstruct the phase image through a MCF in which each core is multimode. To evaluate the network, we employ the binary cross-entropy as the loss function of a convolutional neural network (CNN) with improved U-net structure. The high-quality reconstruction of input objects upon spatial light modulation (SLM) can be realized from the speckle patterns of intensity that contain the information about the objects. Moreover, we study the effect of MCF length on image recovery. It is shown that the shorter the fiber, the better the imaging quality. Based on our findings, MCF may have applications in fields such as endoscopic imaging and optical communication.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.163-170
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• 2020

Background: Gut microflora contributes to the nutritional metabolism of the host and to strengthen its immune system. However, if the intestinal barrier function of the living body is destroyed by radiation exposure, the intestinal bacteria harm the health of the host and cause sepsis. Therefore, this study aims to trace short-term radiation-induced changes in the mouse gut microflora-dominant bacterial genus, and analyze the degree of intestinal epithelial damage. Materials and Methods: Mice were irradiated with 0, 2, 4, 8 Gy X-rays, and the gut microflora and intestinal epithelial changes were analyzed 72 hours later. Five representative genera of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were analyzed in fecal samples, and the intestine was pathologically analyzed by Hematoxylin-Eosin and Alcian blue staining. In addition, DNA fragmentation was evaluated by the TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Results and Discussion: The small intestine showed shortened villi and reduced number of goblet cells upon 8 Gy irradiation. The large intestine epithelium showed no significant morphological changes, but the number of goblet cells were reduced in a radiation dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the small intestinal epithelium of 8 Gy-irradiated mice showed significant DNA damaged, whereas the large intestine epithelium was damaged in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, the large intestine epithelium showed less recovery potential upon radiation exposure than the small intestinal epithelium. Analysis of the intestinal flora revealed fluctuations in lactic acid bacteria excretion after irradiation regardless of the morphological changes of intestinal epithelium. Altogether, it became clear that radiation exposure could cause an immediate change of their excretion. Conclusion: This study revealed changes in the intestinal epithelium and intestinal microbiota that may pave the way for the identification of novel biomarkers of radiation-induced gastrointestinal disorders and develop new therapeutic strategies to treat patients with acute radiation syndrome.