• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.247-263
• /
• 2007

Problem solving takes place not only in mathematics classes but also in real-world. For this reason, a problem and the structure of problem solving, and the enhancing of success in problem solving is a subject which has been studied by any educators. In this direction, the aim of this study is that the strategy used by students in Turkey when solving oral problems and their achievements of choosing operations when solving oral problems has been researched. In the research, the students have been asked three types of questions made up groups of 5. In the first category, S-problems (standard problems not requiring to determine any strategy but can be easily solved with only the applications of arithmetical operations), in the second category, AS-SA problems (problems that can be solved with the key word of additive operation despite to its being a subtractive operation, and containing the key word of subtractive operation despite to its being an additive operation), and in the third category P-problems (problematic problem) take place. It is seen that students did not have so much difficulty in S-problems, mistakes were made in determining operations for problem solving because of memorizing certain essential concepts, and the succession rate of students is very low in P-problems. The reasons of these mistakes as a summary are given below: $\cdot$ Because of memorizing some certain key concepts about operations mistakes have been done in choosing operations. $\cdot$ Not giving place to problems which has no solution and with incomplete information in mathematics. $\cdot$ Thinking of students that every problem has a solution since they don't encounter every type of problems in mathematics classes and course books.

• 경영과학
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2008

This paper investigates the R&D project portfolio selection problem. Despite its importance and impact on real world projects, there exist few practical techniques that help construct an non-dominated portfolio for a decision makers satisfaction. One of the difficulties constructing the portfolio is that such project portfolio problem is, in nature, a multi-attribute decision-making problem, which is an NP-hard class problem. This paper investigates the R&D project portfolio selection problem. Despite its importance and impact on real world projects, there exist few practical techniques that help construct an non-dominated portfolio for a decision makers satisfaction. One of the difficulties constructing the portfolio is that such project portfolio problem is, in nature, a multi-attribute decision-making problem, which is an NP-hard class problem. In order to obtain the non-dominated portfolio that a decision maker or a user is satisfied with, we devise a user-interface algorithm, in that the user provides the maximum/minimum input values for each project attribute. Then the system searches the non-dominated portfolio that satisfies all the given constraints if such a portfolio exists. The process that the user adjusts the maximum/minimum values on the basis of the portfolio found continues repeatedly until the user is optimally satisfied with. We illustrate the algorithm proposed, and the computational results show the efficacy of our procedure.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.115-129
• /
• 2010

As the fixed mobile communication tools using the internet are developed, the off-line services are serviced through on-line on the internet. our society is divided into the real world and the cyber world. In the cyber world, the authentication to the user is absolutely required. The authentication is divided into the real-name authentication and the anonymous authentication by the kind of the internet service provider. There are some ISPs needed the real-name authentication and there are others ISPs needed the anonymity authentication. The research about the anonymity authentication is steadily established to these days. In this paper, we analyze the problem about blind signature, group signature, ring signature, and traceable signature. And we propose a method of anonymity authentication using the public certificate. In the proposal, the anonymity certificate have the new structure and management. Certificate Authority issues several anonymity certificates to a user through the real-name authentication. Several anonymity certificates give non-linked and non-traceability to the attacker.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 2002년도 ICCAS
• /
• pp.92.2-92
• /
• 2002

Building autonomous robots have been a central objective of research in artificial intelligence. The development of techniques for autonomous navigation in real environment consist one of the main tendencies of the current researches about Robotics. An important problem in autonomous navigation is the necessity of dealing with a great amount of uncertainties inherent to the real environments. The paraconsistent logic has characteristics that make it become an adequate tool to solve this problem. In this work, it is proposed a technique of mapping the real world in the navigation of an autonomous robot using the paraconsistent logic.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.209-229
• /
• 1996

Scheduling problems which determine the sequence of jobs are one of the Important issues to many industries. This paper deals with a single-machine job sequencing problem which has complex constraints and an objective function. To solve the problem, an expressive constraint description language and an automatic code generator are developed for our scheduling system. The user just needs to describe the scheduling problem using the constraint description language that allows to express both quantitative and qualitative constraints as well as an objective function in real world semantics. Then, a complete scheduling program based on constraint satisfaction technique is automatically generated through the code generator. Advantage of this approach is that models of the scheduling problems are easily developed and maintained because models ore formulated by using the language which reflects real world semantics.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.193-213
• /
• 2002

The sales activity of most of small manufacturing companies is based on orders of buyers. The process of promotion, negotiation, receipt and selection of orders of the manufacturers is closely coupled with the load status of the production lines. The decision on whether to accept an order or not, or the selection of optimal order set among excessive orders is entirely dependent on the schedule of production lines. However, in the real world, since the production scheduling activity is mainly performed by human experts, most of small manufacturers are suffer from being unable to meet due dates, lack of rapid decision on the acceptance of new order. Recently, Internet based Electronic Commerce is recognized as one of the alternatives for strengthening sales power of small and medium companies. However, small and medium manufacturers can't adjust properly to the new environment because they are in short of money, personnel, and technology. To cope with this problem, this paper deals with development of part sales agent coupled with virtual manufacturing in Internet environment that consist of selection agent, advertisement agent, selection agent, negotiation agent, and virtual manufacturing system. This paper develops a time-bounded negotiation mechanism for small and medium manufacturers in agent-based automated negotiation between customers and negotiation agents. Furthermore, to select optimal order set maximized profit, we first formulate the order selection problem with mixed integer programming, but the computation time of IP is not acceptable for real world scale problem. To overcome this problem and dynamic nature of virtual manufacturing, we suggest a genetic algorithm approach, which shows a reasonable computation time for real world case and good incremental problem solving capability.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.1029-1040
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는 실제 환경에 적용 가능한 지능형 자율 이동 방법을 개발하기 위해 위치정보를 사용하지 않고 지도 작성이 가능한 지능형 이동 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘은 온라인으로 동작하면서 위치 정보를 사용하지 않고 지도 작성이 가능 할 뿐 아니라 현실 세계에 적용 가능하기 위해 많은 계산량을 요구하지도 않는다. 이는 이동 로봇의 실세계 주행과 같은 대용량의 이미지 처리가 필요한 경우에는 매우 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 토이 자료와 대용량 자료에 대해 제안한 알고리즘을 적용한 결과 기존의 방법에 비해 적은 메모리와 새로운 입력에 대해 고유공간을 새로 계산하지 않아도 되어 로봇의 현실세계의 주행에도 문제가 없는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 실생활문제에서 Skemp의 수학학습이론을 토대로 학생들이 나타내는 분수 개념에 대한 유형을 연구하였다. 4-6학년을 대상으로 학생들의 분수 개념에 대한 개념적 이해도를 조사하기 위해 3개의 문항에 대한 학생들의 반응을 분석하였고, 이를 바탕으로 바람직한 몇 가지 교수-학습 방법을 함께 제안하였다.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.287-296
• /
• 1995

Wets ([4],[5],[6]) considered single objective linear two-stage programming problem under uncertainty with complete recourse. Artstein, Dupacova, Romisch, Schultz and Wets studied stability of this problem id depth. But in many real world problems to make best decision, we need multiple objective functions. So we consider the following multiple objective two-stage programming problems with complete fixed recourse.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we present the study of a real passenger transportation system. Passenger transportation problem aims to transport passengers from bus stops to their destinations by a fleet of vehicles while satisfying various constraints such as vehicle capacity, maximum allowable riding time in a bus, and time windows at destinations. Our problem also has special issues such as mixed loading, consideration of afternoon problem together with morning problem, and transferring passengers between vehicles. Our solution approach consists of three serial procedures: bus route generation, bus scheduling, and post optimization. Efficient heuristic algorithms were developed and implemented for the procedures. The proposed solution approach has been successfully applied to several real world problem instances and could reduce about 10% to 15% of buses.