• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.124-131
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• 2015

Hyperpolarization methods are the most emerging techniques in the field of magnetic resonance (MR) researches since they make a contribution to overcoming sensitivity limitation of MR spectroscopy and imaging, leading to new fields of researches, real-time in vivo metabolic/molecular imaging and MR analysis of chemical/biological reactions in non-equilibrium conditions. Make use of enormous signal enrichments, it becomes feasible to investigate various chemical and biochemical systems with low ${\gamma}$ nuclei in real-time. This review deals with the theoretical principals of common hyperpolarization methods and their experimental features. In addition, more detailed theories, mechanisms, and applications of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) are discussed.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.290-297
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• 2011

Recent progresses in the live electrooptic imaging (LEI) technique are reviewed with emphasis on its functionality of real-time visual accesses to traveling electric waves in the GHz range. Together with the principles, configurations, and procedures for the visual observation experiments by an LEI camera system, the following results are described as examples indicating the wide application ranges of the technique; Ku-band waves on arrayed planar antennas, waves on a Gb/s-class digital circuit, W-band waves traveling both in slab-waveguide modes and aerially, backward-traveling wave along composite right/left-handed transmission line, and, waves in monolithic microwave integrated circuit module case.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.217-232
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• 1999

The ability to see the internal organs of the human body in a noninvasive way is a powerful diagnostic tool of modern medicine. Among these imaging modalities such as X-ray, MRI, and ultrasound. MRI and ultrasound are presenting much less risk of undesirable damage of both patient and examiner. In fact, no deleterious effects have been reported as a result of clinical examination by using MRI and ultrasound diagnostic equipment. As a result. their market volume has been rapidly increased. MRI has a good resolution. but there are a few disadvantages such as high price. non-real-time imaging capability. and expensive diagnostic cost. On the other hand, the ultrasound imaging system has inherently poor resolution as compared with X-ray and MRI. In spite of its poor resolution, the ultrasound diagnostic equipment is lower in price and has an ability of real-time imaging as compared with the others. As a result. the ultrasound imaging system has become general and essential modality for imaging the internal organs of human body. In this review various researches and developments to enhance the resolution of the ultrasound images are explained and future trends of the ultrasound imaging technology are described.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.290-293
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a method to estimate pointing region in real-world from images of cameras. In general, arm-pointing gesture encodes a direction which extends from user's fingertip to target point. In the proposed work, we assume that the pointing ray can be approximated to a straight line which passes through user's face and fingertip. Therefore, the proposed method extracts two end points for the estimation of pointing direction; one from the user's face and another from the user's fingertip region. Then, the pointing direction and its target region are estimated based on the 2D-3D projective mapping between camera images and real-world scene. In order to demonstrate an application of the proposed method, we constructed an ICGS (interactive cinema guiding system) which employs two CCD cameras and a monitor. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed method are also verified on the experimental results of several real video sequences.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.128-134
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• 2014

A real-time, continuous-scale image interpolation method is proposed based on a bilinear interpolation with directionally adaptive low-pass filtering. The proposed algorithm was optimized for hardware implementation. The ordinary bi-linear interpolation method has blocking artifacts. The proposed algorithm solves this problem using directionally adaptive low-pass filtering. The algorithm can also solve the severe blurring problem by selectively choosing low-pass filter coefficients. Therefore, the proposed interpolation algorithm can realize a high-quality image scaler for a range of imaging systems, such as digital cameras, CCTV and digital flat panel displays.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.1693-1696
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• 2004

Synchrotron X-ray micro-imaging technique was employed to monitor non-invasively the refilling process of water inside the xylem vessels in bamboo leaves. The consecutive phase-contrast X-ray images clearly show both plant anatomy and the transport of water inside the xylem vessels. Traces of water-rise, vapor bubbles and variations of contact angle between the water front and the xylem wall were measured in real time. During the refilling process, air bubbles are removed when the rising water front halts at a vessel end for a while. Subsequently, it starts rising again at a higher velocity than the normal refilling speed. Repeated cavitation seems to deteriorate the refilling ability in xylem vessels. In dark environment, the water refilling process in xylem vessels is facilitated more effectively than in bright illuminated conditions. Finally, X-ray micro-imaging was famed to be a powerful, high resolution, real time imaging tool to investigate the water refilling process in xylem vessels.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

Purpose: This study investigates the effects of task-oriented training for a left trunk flexion pattern using real-time ultrasound imaging in a stroke patient with unilateral neglect symptoms. Methods: This study used the ABA experimental design, which is a single-subject research method among individual case research methods. For the ABA experimental design, changes in the degree of unilateral neglect, balance ability, and the thickness of the lateral abdominal muscle were visually analyzed during the baseline process, in the intervention period, and after the intervention. The experiments were performed 24 times in total for 8 times in each of the 3 periods. The unilateral neglect was measured using the Albert test, balance ability was measured using the Berg balance test, and the thickness of the lateral abdominal muscle was measured using ultrasound imaging. The subject was a 50-year-old male patient with unilateral neglect caused by right cerebral hemorrhage. He performed task-oriented training for a voluntary left trunk flexion pattern using real-time ultrasound imaging during the intervention period. Results: The result of comparing the data collected during the intervention period with the data point average of the baseline process showed that balance ability improved and the tendency line was above the baseline. The tendency line of unilateral neglect was below the baseline and showed a decreasing tendency. The thickness of the lateral abdominal muscle showed an increasing trend and the tendency line was above the baseline. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the task-oriented training for left trunk flexion pattern using real-time ultrasound imaging has a beneficial effect on balance ability, the degree of unilateral neglect, and the strength of the lateral abdominal muscle in unilateral neglect patients.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2016

This paper presents an underwater structure 3D reconstruction method using a 2D multibeam imaging sonar. Compared with other underwater environmental recognition sensors, the 2D multibeam imaging sonar offers high resolution images in water with a high turbidity level by showing the reflection intensity data in real-time. With such advantages, almost all underwater applications, including ROVs, have applied this 2D multibeam imaging sonar. However, the elevation data are missing in sonar images, which causes difficulties with correctly understanding the underwater topography. To solve this problem, this paper concentrates on the physical relationship between the sonar image and the scene topography to find the elevation information. First, the modeling of the sonar reflection intensity data is studied using the distances and angles of the sonar beams and underwater objects. Second, the elevation data are determined based on parameters like the reflection intensity and shadow length. Then, the elevation information is applied to the 3D underwater reconstruction. This paper evaluates the presented real-time 3D reconstruction method using real underwater environments. Experimental results are shown to appraise the performance of the method. Additionally, with the utilization of ROVs, the contour and texture image mapping results from the obtained 3D reconstruction results are presented as applications.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.467-475
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• 2016

Ultrasonic propagation imaging (UPI) has shown great potential for detection of impairments in complex structures and can be used in wide range of non-destructive evaluation and structural health monitoring applications. The software implementation of such algorithms showed a tendency in time-consumption with increment in scan area because the processor shares its resources with a number of programs running at the same time. This issue was addressed by using field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) that is a dedicated processing solution and used for high speed signal processing algorithms. For this purpose, we need an independent and flexible block of logic which can be used with continuously evolvable hardware based on FPGA. In this paper, we developed an FPGA-based ultrasonic propagation imaging system, where FPGA functions for both data acquisition system and real-time ultrasonic signal processing. The developed UPI system using FPGA board provides better cost-effectiveness and resolution than digitizers, and much faster signal processing time than CPU which was tested using basic ultrasonic propagation algorithms such as ultrasonic wave propagation imaging and multi-directional adjacent wave subtraction. Finally, a comparison of results for processing time between a CPU-based UPI system and the novel FPGA-based system were presented to justify the objective of this research.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.825-836
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• 2016

In this paper, a speed-up technique for the non-local means (NLM) image denoising method based on local binary descriptor (LBD) is proposed. In the NLM, most of the computation time is spent on searching for non-local similar patches in the search window. The local binary descriptor which represents the structure of patch as binary strings is employed to speed up the search process in the NLM. The descriptor allows for a fast and accurate preselection of non-local similar patches by bitwise operations. Using this approach, a tradeoff between time-saving and noise removal can be obtained. Simulations exhibit that despite being principally constructed for speed, the proposed algorithm outperforms in terms of denoising quality as well. Furthermore, a parallel implementation on GPU brings NLM-LBD to real-time image denoising.