• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.307-315
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• 2012

We study the geometry of real lightlike hypersurfaces of an inde nite Kaehler manifold $\bar{M}$. We provide new results on such a real lightlike hypersurface $M$ by using the $F$-structure of $M$ induced by the almost complex structure $J$ of $\bar{M}$.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.3-14
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• 2013

This study is aimed to specify the meaning of the body and the design trends in contemporary architecture. Architecture is based on the human life of various meaning, events, experiences, images, senses and interactions through the body. Thoughts, behaviors, and senses of human are interrelated in architectural experiences. Individuals experience the built environments and space, not through the ideas but through the senses and movements of the body. So, bodies make the real space of architecture. Contemporary architecture accepts the theory of phenomenology and places on the thoughts of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Heidegger, Nroberg Schulz and so on. Such researches effect on the architectural trends to make design processes works on the programs in views of the expansion and the structuralization of human body. In detail, the aim of this study is to analyse the architecture as the fields of the subject with body as the center, design processes and principles changed form metaphysical thought to phenomenological discourse, and the design trends in contemporary architecture at last. In process of movements, vision centered architecture moves into the bodily experienced architecture and changed the trends from absolute form design to design of relative processes. In conclusion, architectural formation-dissolution-reconstitution of body creates the architectural thoughts such as human proportions, perspective space, ergonomics, modular, organic architecture, experience space, synesthesia, event architecture, fashion-invoked architecture, interactive surfaces, metamorphosis, and others.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.3423-3438
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• 2014

In recent years, wearable sensor devices are reshaping the way people live, work, and play. A wearable sensor device is a computer that is subsumed into the personal space of the user, and is always on, and always accessible. Therefore, among the most salient aspects of a wearable sensor device should be a small form factor, long battery lifetime, and real-time characteristics. Thereby, sophisticated applications of a wearable sensor device use real-time operating systems to guarantee real-time deadlines. The deterministic multi-dimensional task scheduling algorithms are implemented on ARC (Actual Remote Control) with relatively limited hardware resources. ARC is a wearable wristwatch-type remote controller; it can also serve as a universal remote control, for various wearable sensor devices. In the proposed algorithms, there is no limit on the maximum number of task priorities, and the memory requirement can be dramatically reduced. Furthermore, regardless of the number of tasks, the complexity of the time and space of the proposed algorithms is O(1). A valuable contribution of this work is to guarantee real-time deadlines for wearable sensor devices.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.9
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• pp.151-170
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• 2010

As an art group, De Stijl (1917-1931) led a total art movement encompassing painting, sculpture, design, and architecture. Among these, architecture, as a model of the total art pursued by the group, was encapsulated by the term 'plastic architecture.' The term reflects architecture's shared features with plastic art, especially its pictorial characteristics. Firstly, De Stijl architecture shares geometric form with painting. Assembled in simple, clear and rational structures, the geometric forms signified universal forms, and extended the pictorial experimentation that Mondrian exercised through Neo-Plasticism to architecture. Constructed with colour fields made of concrete wall, De Stijl architecture is geometric abstract painting embodied in space. Together with such pictorial characteristics, large plate glass windows, narrow window frames, and cantilever structure minimize the building's visual weight. De Stijl architecture, which appears suspended in the air, is an architectural version of the abstract paintings of the era that revealed unknown spaces beyond perspective. De Stijl architecture is also an 'open' architecture, where the units placed as if radiating from the center form relations with each other flexibly and organically. The observer in such a space is encouraged to experience space within time, as his/her physical and visual mobility and extension are maximized. De Stijl architecture is an example of how the time-space continuum, represented within picture frame through Cubism, Futurism, and abstract art, can be realized in space. By transforming the ideal space of painting into real space in this way, 'plastic architecture' turned out to be an architectural manifestation of the utopianism of the era, aimed at building a society in 'perfect harmony.' However, such rationalism and universalism are not free from the violence of totalization that deletes various differences. This is evident in the history that followed as the geometric form of architecture and urban planning proliferated across the globe, engulfing the diverse natural landscapes and local cultures.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.127.2-127.2
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• 2012

Space weather prediction related to flares and CMEs is an important issue these days. It is, however, hard to estimate magnetic energy of invisible coronal magnetic structure. The virial theorem is one of the ways to determine the magnetic energy. In this study, we performed a series of MHD simulation of an emerging flux tube and apply the virial theorem to the simulation results and derive energetics of coronal structures. We then analyze real observational data on NOAA 11302 to derive the distributions of physical quantities, such as density, temperature, velocity and magnetic field. We also use knowledge form simulation analysis to estimate the magnetic energy of NOAA 11302.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.1C
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• pp.157-165
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• 2004

Real-time(RT) object-oriented(OO) distributed computing is a form of RT distributed computing realized with a distributed computer system structured in the form of an object network. Several approached proposed in recent years for extending the conventional object structuring scheme to suit RT applications, are briefly reviewed. Then the approach named the TMO(Time-triggered Message-triggered Object)structuring scheme was formulated with the goal of instigating a quantum productivity jump in the design of distributed time triggered simulation. The TMO scheme is intended to facilitate the pursuit of a new paradigm in designing distributed time triggered simulation which is to realize real-time computing with a common and general design style that does not alienate the main-stream computing industry and yet to allow system engineers to confidently produce certifiable distributed time triggered simulation for safety-critical applications. The TMO structuring scheme is a syntactically simple but semantically powerful extension of the conventional object structuring approached and as such, its support tools can be based on various well-established OO programming languages such as C++ and on ubiquitous commercial RT operating system kernels. The Scheme enables a great reduction of the designers efforts in guaranteeing timely service capabilities of application systems. Start after striking space key 2 times.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.543-564
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• 1999

Consider a symmetric bilinear form defined on $\prod\times\prod$ by $_{\lambda\mu}$ = $<\sigma,fg>\;+\;\lambdaL[f](a)L[g](a)\;+\;\muM[f](b)m[g](b)$ ,where $\sigma$ is a quasi-definite moment functional, L and M are linear operators on $\prod$, the space of all real polynomials and a,b,$\lambda$ , and $\mu$ are real constants. We find a necessary and sufficient condition for the above bilinear form to be quasi-definite and study various properties of corresponding orthogonal polynomials. This unifies many previous works which treated cases when both L and M are differential or difference operators. finally, infinite order operator equations having such orthogonal polynomials as eigenfunctions are given when $\mu$=0.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.507-516
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• 1998

In this study we are concerned with the problem of ap-proximating a locally unique solution of an equation on a Banach space. A semilocal convergence theorem is given for the Super-Halley method in Banach spaces. Earlier results have shown that the order of convergence is four for a certain class of operators [4] [5] [8] These results were not given in affine invariant form and made use of a real quadratic majorizing polynomial. Here we provide our re-sults in affine invariant form showing that the order of convergence is at least four. In cases that it is exactly four the rate of convergence is improved. We achieve these results by using a cubic majorizing polynomial. Some numerical examples are given to show that our error bounds are better than earlier ones.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.697-711
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• 2017

Let X, Y be real normed vector spaces. We exhibit all the solutions $f:X{\rightarrow}Y$ of the functional equation f(rx + sy) + rsf(x - y) = rf(x) + sf(y) for all $x,y{\in}X$, where r, s are nonzero real numbers satisfying r + s = 1. In particular, if Y is a Banach space, we investigate the Hyers-Ulam stability problem of the equation. We also investigate the Hyers-Ulam stability problem on a restricted domain of the following form ${\Omega}{\cap}\{(x,y){\in}X^2:{\parallel}x{\parallel}+{\parallel}y{\parallel}{\geq}d\}$, where ${\Omega}$ is a rotation of $H{\times}H{\subset}X^2$ and $H^c$ is of the first category. As a consequence, we obtain a measure zero Hyers-Ulam stability of the above equation when $f:\mathbb{R}{\rightarrow}Y$.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.563-574
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• 2017

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a unital real standard Jordan operator algebra acting on a Hilbert space H of dimension at least 2. We show that every bijection ${\phi}$ on $\mathcal{A}$ satisfying ${\phi}(A^2{\circ}B)={\phi}(A)^2{\circ}{\phi}(B)$ is of the form ${\phi}={\varepsilon}{\psi}$ where ${\psi}$ is an automorphism on $\mathcal{A}$ and ${\varepsilon}{\in}\{-1,1\}$. As a consequence if $\mathcal{A}$ is the real algebra of all self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space H, then there exists a unitary or conjugate unitary operator U on H such that ${\phi}(A)={\varepsilon}UAU^*$ for all $A{\in}\mathcal{A}$.