• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.4079-4083
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• 2014

Background: Previous studies have showed that argonaute 2 is a potential factor related to genesis of several cancers, however, there have been no reports concerning gliomas. Methods: Paraffin specimens of 129 brain glioma cases were collected from a hospital affiliated to Binzhou Medical University from January 2008 to July 2013. We examined both argonaute 2 mRNA and protein expression by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The survival curves of the patients were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression, and the log-rank test was used for statistical evaluations. Results: Both argonaute 2 mRNA and protein were upregulated in high-grade when compared to low-grade tumor tissues. Multivariate analysis revealed that argonaute 2 protein expression was independently associated with the overall survival (HR=4.587, 95% CI: 3.001-6.993; P=0.002), and that argonaute 2 protein expression and WHO grading were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival (HR=4.792, 95% CI: 3.993-5.672; P<0.001, and HR=2.109, 95% CI: 1.278-8.229; P=0.039, respectively). Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test indicated that high argonaute 2 protein expression had a significant impact on overall survival (P=0.0169) and progression-free survival (P=0.0324). Conclusions: The present study showed that argonaute 2 expression is up-regulated in gliomas. Argonaute 2 might also serve as a novel prognostic marker.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.325-333
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the concurrent validity between Figure-of-8 Walking Test (F8W), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Four Squared Step Test (FSST), and Timed UP and GO Test (TUG) in patients with stroke. Methods: Forty two participants (26 men, 16 women, $55.0{\pm}11.72$) with at least three months post stroke who were able to walk at least 10 m without walking aid participated in this study. Assessment of concurrent validity between the F8W (time and steps) and BBS was performed using Spearman rank order correlation and between the F8W (time and steps), FSST and TUG assessed using Pearson correlation. Results: The time of the F8W showed correlation with BBS (r=-0.46, p<0.01), FSST (r=0.64, p<0.01), and TUG (r=0.81, p<0.01), and steps of the F8W showed correlation with BBS (r=-0.43, p<0.01), FSST (r=0.47, p<0.01), and TUG (r=0.51, p<0.01). Conclusion: The F8W is a valid measure of balance and walking skill among patients with stroke and may provide complementary information with regard to dynamic balance and functional walking for the real life of stroke patients.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.313-327
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• 2008

한국과 일본은 가장 가까운 이웃 나라이면서 한국은 일본의 식민지를 거친 경험을 갖고 있는 논문에서는 Liu(2008)의 슬랙변수모형을 도입하여 이론적으로 설명하고 1994년 및 1995년의 국내 20개 항만의 3개의 산출물(수출입물량, 선박입출항척수, 항만재정수입)과 2개의 투입물(접안능력, 하역능력)을 이용하여 국내항만들의 효율성을 측정한 후에, 양년도간에 모두 효율적인 항만으로 판명된 항만을 제외한 나머지 16개 항만들의 효율성 순위를 이용하여 월콕슨의 부호순위검정을 통해서 슬랙변수모형이 갖고 있는 항만효율성측면의 예측력을 측정하는 방법을 보여 주었다. 또한 동일한 방법으로 다년도(1995년-2003년)분석을 실시하여 항만효율성의 예측력은 어느 정도 되는지를 검정하였다. 다년도(1995-2003년)의 실증분석의 주요한 결과를 요약한다면 "가설검정의 모든 결과는 귀무가설을 기각할 수 없는 것"으로 나타났다. 즉, 예측자료와 실제자료의 차이가 있다고 할 수 없기 때문에, 예측자료가 실제자료를 반영하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 2000-2001년, 2003-2004년의 유의수준은 60%에 가까운 수준으로 나타나서 예측력이 있는 것으로 나타났으나 1995-1996년, 2002-2003년의 예측력은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 정책적인 함의는 국내항만들도 슬랙변수모형과 월콕슨부호순위검정방법을 이용하여 차년도의 효율성, 또는 경영성과를 예측하여 제시하는 것도 항만의 효율성을 높일 수 있는 한 가지 방법이 될 수 있다는 점이다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to provide a 360-degree video on intensive care unit admission guidance to family members admitted to the intensive care unit, and then to identify anxiety, safety perception, and satisfaction. This study was a single-group pre-post design, and the data collection period was from October 1, 2020 to August 30, 2021. The subjects of this study were 19 people who applied 360 degree hospitalization guide video. For data analysis, SPSS WIN 24.0 program was used, and real number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum value, maximum value, and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used. The subjects' anxiety before intervention was an average score of 6.21±2.30 and the anxiety after intervention was an average score of 3.95±2.46, which was statistically significant (z=4.13, p<.001). The safety consciousness of the subjects before the intervention was an average of 4.08±0.39 and the safety consciousness after the intervention was an average of 4.54±0.48, which was statistically significant (z=5.00, p=.001). The highest level of satisfaction with the 360-degree hospitalization guidance image of the subjects was 4.58±0.51 and the lowest was 4.16±0.96. In this study, when 360-degree hospitalization guide video was applied, there was a difference in anxiety and safety perception, and satisfaction was high. Based on the research results, various programs for guardian education can be developed and utilized in the future.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1993

The rapid progress of the intermodal freight transportation in recent years has induced fierce competition among the adjacent hub ports for container transport. This brings increased attention to the evaluation of the port competitive ability. But it is not easy to evaluate the port competitive ability because this belongs to ill-defined system which is composed of ambiguous interacting attributes. Paying attention to this point, this paper deals the competitive ability of container port in Far-East Asia by fuzzy integral evaluation which is adequate to interacting ambiguous attribute problem. For this, the proposed fuzzy evaluation algorithm is applied to the real problem, based on the factors such as cargo volumes, costs, services, infrastructure and geographical sites These are extracted from the precedent study of port competitive ability, etc. The results show that the port evaluation factors come in following order ; services, costs, infrastructure, geographical sites and cargo volumes. There are some interactions(interaction coefficient, ${\lambda}=-0.664$ between evaluation attributes. The port competitive ability comes in following order : Singapore, Hongkong, Kobe, Kaoshiung and Busan. According to the sensitivity analysis, the rank between Busan and Kaoshiung changes when ${\lambda}=0.7$. From the analysis of the results, we confirmed that the proposed fuzzy evaluation algorithm is very effective in the complex-fuzzy problem which is composed of hierarchical structure with interacting attributes.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2012

The expression profiles of inflammatory cytokines viz. interleukins (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-12, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, interferon-${\gamma}$ and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ in response to subclinical mastitis in indigenous cattle breed Kankrej (n = 6), Gir (Bos indicus) (n = 12) and crossbred (Bos taurus${\times}$Bos indicus) (n = 7) were investigated using quantitative real time PCR. Significant correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between total bacterial load and somatic cell count (SCC) in all three breeds of cattle. All the cytokines were observed to be up-regulated compared to cows with healthy quarters, however, level of their expression varied among three breeds of cattle. In Kankrej most cytokines were found to be transcribed to higher levels than in other two breeds; the milk had higher load of bacteria but not so high SCC, implying that Kankrej has a higher inherent resistance against mastitis. The results of present study indicated that mammary glands of crossbred cattle are more sensitive to bacterial infection than indigenous breed of cattle as they elicit immune response at lower bacterial load and result into higher SCC. Research on identification of factors responsible for differentially expressed cytokines profiles and use of cytokines as immunomodulatory tools can pave way for formulating control strategies against bovine mastitis.

• 정보과학회 논문지
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• 제43권10호
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• pp.1131-1143
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• 2016

수십억 개 간선들로 구성된 대용량 그래프를 어떻게 효과적으로 압축할 수 있을까? 정점 재배치를 통해 인접 행렬의 0이 아닌 값들을 집중시키면 그래프를 효율적으로 압축할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 페이지랭크 등 여러 그래프 마이닝 알고리즘의 수행 속도를 개선할 수 있다. 최신 정점 재배치 기법인 SlashBurn은 실세계 네트워크의 멱법칙 특성을 활용하는 실세계 그래프에 효과적인 방법이다. 하지만 단일 머신 기반으로 설계되어 대용량 그래프에 대해 처리 속도가 현저히 느려지거나 적용이 불가능한 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위한 분산 SlashBurn을 제안한다. 분산 SlashBurn은 대규모의 정점 재배치 프로세스를 분산 처리하여 대용량 그래프를 기존 방법보다 훨씬 빠르고 확장성 있게 처리한다. 대용량 실세계 그래프들에 대한 실험 결과, 분산 SlashBurn은 단일 머신 SlashBurn보다 45배 이상 빠르게 동작하였고, 16배 이상 큰 그래프를 처리할 수 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.454-464
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the level of complete knowledge about hand hygiene indications among nurses working at integrated nursing care service wards. Methods: A total of 127 nurses in eight integrated nursing care service wards completed structured sheets while observing a video based on six scenarios developed by the research team. Complete knowledge level was calculated as the percentage (%) of participants who responded correctly to all questions among participants. Complete knowledge levels according to the scenarios were calculated and compared according to general characteristics using the chi-squared test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results: The complete knowledge level for each scenario ranged from 7.9% (scenario 6) to 42.5% (scenarios 4 and 5), and no one had complete knowledge of all scenarios. Only 3.1% of participants demonstrated complete knowledge in more than four scenarios, and 26.0% had complete knowledge of four or more hand hygiene moments. Complete knowledge level per scenario did not differ depending on work experience at hospitals and study wards, or prior hand hygiene training in the last year. Conclusion: As the complete knowledge level regarding hand hygiene moment is very low, it is suggested that regular hand hygiene training should be provided to nurses using video media that reflect real nursing tasks. Thus, they can acquire complete knowledge of when hand hygiene is needed or not during complex nursing work situations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3613-3618
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• 2013

Object: To detect expression of hypoxia inducible factor-$1{\alpha}$ (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) and lysyl oxidase (LOX) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore their roles in prognosis. Methods: The mRNA levels of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and LOX were investigated by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in 40 cases of tumour and paired normal tissues. In addition, protein expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and LOX was examined by immunohistochemistry in 82 cases of tumour and 45 paired normal tissues. The relationship between HIF-$1{\alpha}$ or LOX and clinicopathologic characteristics, as well as the correlation between HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and LOX, were also examined. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and the log-rank test were used to analyze progression-free survival. Results: HIF-$1{\alpha}$ or LOX mRNA levels in tumor tissues was significantly higher than those in paired normal tissues (p<0.01). Positive HIF-$1{\alpha}$ or LOX protein expression in tumor tissues was noted in 46/82 (56.1%) and 49/82 (59.8%) of the cases, respectively, being significantly higher than those in paired normal tissues (p<0.05). There was significant correlation between the expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ or LOX and tumor size, lymph node metastasis and pathological stage (p<0.05). The expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and LOX had a significant inverse impact on survival of patients with NSCLC. Conclusion: HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and LOX may play a pivotal role in the development of NSCLC, and may act in synergy to promote the progression of NSCLC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2014

Objective: Altered regulation of many transcription factors has been shown to play important roles in the development of leukemia. hMSH2 can modulate the activity of some important transcription factors and is known to be a regulator of hematopoietic differentiation. Herein, we investigated epigenetic regulation of hMSH2 and its influence on cell growth and overall survival of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Methods: hMSH2 promoter methylation status was assessed by COBRA and pyrosequencing in 60 ALL patients and 30 healthy volunteers. mRNA and protein expression levels of hMSH2, PCNA, CyclinD1, Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by real time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The influence of hMSH2 on cell proliferation and survival was assessed in transient and stable expression systems. Results: mRNA and protein expression of hMSH2 and Bcl-2 was decreased, and that of PCNA, CyclinD1 and Bax was increased in ALL patients as compared to healthy volunteers (P<0.05). hMSH2 was inactivated in ALL patients through promoter hypermethylation. Furthermore, hMSH2 hypermethylation was found in relapsed ALL patients (85.7% of all cases). The median survival of patients with hMSH2 methylation was shorter than that of patients without hMSH2 methylation (log-rank test, P=0.0035). Over-expression of hMSH2 in cell lines resulted in a significant reduction in growth and induction of apoptosis. Conclusions: This study suggests that aberrant DNA methylation and epigenetic inactivation of hMSH2 play an important role in the development of ALL through altering cell growth and survival.