• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 2001

Herpes Zoster Oticus is a reactivation of latent varicella-zoster infection associated otalgia, facial nerve palsy, sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo. Facial nerve palsy is rapid in onset, usually severe degree, and poor is prognosis. And pain in the form of acute neuritis and postherpetic neuralgia is by far the most frequent and most debilitating complication of Herpes Zoster. The pain of Herpes Zoster may severe, but it is usually transitory. Some patients, with the elderly at particular risk, go on to develop postherpetic neuralgia. In the two cases, pain (especially postherpetic neuralgia) which is often severe and, unfortunately, refractory to most forms of treatment was reduced using herbal medicine and acupuncture but facial nerve palsy was not improved.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.33-40
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• 2006

Since early 1990's, several Quaternary faults have been found in the southeastern part of the Korean peninsula with reference to fault activity. Because some of these faults could be considered a capable fault, it is a very delicate matter, which need to be deal with carefully in assessing the seismic hazard. In determining whether or not a faults are capable, because of the low rate of seismicity and insufficient relationship between instrumental macro-seismicity and fault, there has been considerable debate among geologists and geophysicists in Korea. In this study, we discuss the criteria and probabilistic approaches that are used to assess whether or not a fault is seismogenic. And, we preliminarily also suggest the probability of fault activity from the spatial association between faults and earthquake epicenters, fault slip and tectonic stress, and geological evidence for multiple episodes of reactivation.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.333-337
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• 2018

Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a type of acute herpes zoster, which occurs by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus at the geniculate ganglion. Clinical presentation of Ramsay Hunt syndrome includes a vesicular rash on the ear (herpes zoster oticus) or in the oral mucosa accompanied by acute peripheral facial nerve paralysis. Other cranial nerves such as V, IX, XI, and XII are often involved. Additional variability of the clinical picture of Ramsay Hunt syndrome is produced by varying patterns of skin involvement explained by individual anastomoses between cranial and cervical nerves. Combination treatment containing anti-viral agents and steroids is recommended for the treatment of Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Additionally, early diagnosis of Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a crucial factor to improve damaged nerves in Ramsay Hunt syndrome, which initiates treatment as soon as possible.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.507-510
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• 2009

7차 교육과정에서는 초등학교 실과교과에 로봇에 대한 내용이 교과에 포함되어 있다. 또한 각 기관의 영재 교육 기관에서도 로봇이용교육이 이루어지고 있다. 이는 로봇 이용 프로그래밍 교육은 학생들의 흥미도 향상과 창의력 향상에 이점이 있기 때문이다. 그러나 일부 학교에서 방과 후 교육에서 로봇교육을 일부 많이 실시하고 있지만 일반학생을 대상으로 한 로봇이용 교육은 활성화되지 못하고 있다. 특히 여학생의 경우에는 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도가 남학생에 비해 낮은 편이다. 본 연구에서는 일반학생을 대상으로 한 로봇 이용교육 활성화 방안을 제시하기위한 기초 연구로 중등학생의 로봇이용교육의 실태를 분석한다. 특히 여학생들의 로봇 이용 교육에 대한 실태를 분석함을 목적으로 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.4-10
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• 2023

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a common disease in the aging population and immunocompromised individuals, with a lifetime risk of 20%-30% that increases with age. HZ is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which remains latent in the spinal dorsal root ganglia and cranial sensory ganglia after resolution of the primary VZV infection. The main focus of HZ management is rapid recovery from VZV infection as well as the reduction and prevention of zoster-associated pain (ZAP) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). The use of antivirals against VZV is essential in the treatment of HZ. However, limited antivirals are only licensed clinically for the treatment of HZ, including acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir, brivudine, and amenamevir. Fortunately, some new antivirals against different types of Herpesviridae have been investigated and suggested as novel drugs against VZV. Therefore, this review focuses on discussing the difference in efficacy and safety in the currently licensed antivirals for the treatment of HZ, the applicability of future novel antivirals against VZV, and the preventive or therapeutic effects of these antivirals on ZAP or PHN.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.542-549
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• 2011

This research will attempt to reveal that private developers in the Malaysian construction industry have been practicing strategic partnering in their organizations. While the investigation was conducted using quantitative and qualitative approaches, this paper will only reveal results obtained from the questionnaire survey. Results from the questionnaire survey indicate that private developers in the Malaysian construction industry had implemented strategic partnering in their organizations. The elements of the partnering process, which are partnering formation, partnering application and partnering completion or reactivation were tested. The results show that all the elements of the partnering process have been exercised in their projects. Thus it can be surmised that strategic partnering has been practiced by private developers in the Malaysian construction industry.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.82-84
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• 2023

There were growing reports of herpes zoster reactivation after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, including a more severe form, herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). A 35-year-old male presented HZO in his left V1 dermatome 10 days after his COVID-19 vaccine booster with Moderna (messenger RNA-1273). He had no history of chronic disease, immunocompromised, autoimmune, malignancy, or long-term immunosuppressive drug use. The rash improved without any further complications after being treated with oral valacyclovir for 7 days. This was a unique case of HZO after the COVID-19 vaccine in a booster setting in healthy younger adults. The association of herpes zoster after a COVID vaccine remained inconclusive and potentially coincidental, especially without the known risk factor. However, we would like to add a report to increase awareness among physicians and the general population, for early recognition and treatment with an antiviral.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 2005

Background : Some malignancies including lymphoma, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer are believed to be associated with the reactivation of tuberculosis (TB) because cyclic anti-cancer chemotherapy can induce the leukopenia or immunological deterioration. This report describes the clinical characteristics and treatment response of TB that developed during cyclic anti-cancer chemotherapy in patients with a solid tumor. Materials and Methods : From January 1 2000 to July 31 2004, patients with TB diagnosed microbiologically, pathologically, or clinically during anti-cancer chemotherapy in a tertiary hospital were enrolled, and their medical records were reviewed. Patients with the known risk factors for the reactivation of TB were excluded. Results : Twenty-two patients were enrolled and their mean age was 56.5 years (range 21-78). The male to female ratio was 3.4:1 and pulmonary TB was the main variant (20 patients, 90.9%). Gastric cancer (10 patients, 45.4%) and lymphoma (4 patients, 18.2%) were the leading underlying malignancies. The other malignancies included lung cancer, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, cervix cancer, and ovary cancer. Fifteen patients (68.2%) had a healed scar on a simple chest radiograph suggesting a previous TB infection. Among these patients, new TB lesions involved the same lobe or the ipsilateral pleura in 13 patients (87.6%). An isoniazid and rifampicin based regimen were started in all the subjects except for one patient with a hepatic dysfunction. The mean duration of medication was $9.9{\pm}2.4$ months and no adverse events resulting in a regimen change were observed. With the exception of 5 patients who died of the progression of the underlying malignancy, 70.6% (12/17) completed the anti-TB treatment. Conclusion : The clinical characteristics and response to anti-TB treatment for TB that developed during anticancer chemotherapy for a solid tumor were not different from those of patients who developed TB in the general population.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.400-425
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• 2018

This study presents the research results and current status of the DECOVALEX-2019 project Task B. Task B named 'Fault slip modelling' is aiming at developing a numerical method to simulate the coupled hydro-mechanical behavior of fault, including slip or reactivation, induced by water injection. The first research step of Task B is a benchmark simulation which is designed for the modelling teams to familiarize themselves with the problem and to set up their own codes to reproduce the hydro-mechanical coupling between the fault hydraulic transmissivity and the mechanically-induced displacement. We reproduced the coupled hydro-mechanical process of fault slip using TOUGH-FLAC simulator. The fluid flow along a fault was modelled with solid elements and governed by Darcy's law with the cubic law in TOUGH2, whereas the mechanical behavior of a single fault was represented by creating interface elements between two separating rock blocks in FLAC3D. A methodology to formulate the hydro-mechanical coupling relations of two different hydraulic aperture models and link the solid element of TOUGH2 and the interface element of FLAC3D was suggested. In addition, we developed a coupling module to update the changes in geometric features (mesh) and hydrological properties of fault caused by water injection at every calculation step for TOUGH-FLAC simulator. Then, the transient responses of the fault, including elastic deformation, reactivation, progressive evolutions of pathway, pressure distribution and water injection rate, to stepwise pressurization were examined during the simulations. The results of the simulations suggest that the developed model can provide a reasonable prediction of the hydro-mechanical behavior related to fault reactivation. The numerical model will be enhanced by continuing collaboration and interaction with other research teams of DECOLVAEX-2019 Task B and validated using the field data from fault activation experiments in a further study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1980

In this study, enzymatic saccharification of substrates from Alnus hirsuta Ruper (8-14 years). Quercus acutissima Carruthers, Betula platyphylla var. japonica Nera, Populus euramericana Guiner and Platanus orientalis L. were investigated using crude cellulase preparations of Trichoderma viride Pers. ex. Fr. SANK 16374, and conduced on the optimum treated conditions of the cellulase sacchrification and reactivation of residue of digested substrates. The Trichoderma viride cellulase was produced by the submerged culture process and produced in the culture fluid was salted out quantitatively by the use of ammonium sulfate. The method of dilignification from wood (5 species) was treated by the peracetic acid(PA) method. The reducing sugar was determined by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. 1. The results of tests carried out for 96 hr. (Figure 1), show conclusively the initial substrates from 5 species ($S_3$) which has been rendered highly reactive form and the mean rate of reducing sugar was 28.3 %. 2. The results of tests carried out for 96 hr., the reactivation of residue of digested substrates (improvement in the quality of the substrate through preheating in air at $190^{\circ}C$. for 45 min. followed by milling was (60 mesh size) at the same substrate level, increased concentrations of cellulase at the same substrate level, and increased concentrations of cellulase increases the rate of hydrolysis considerably. 3. Figure 1. shows conclusively that the residue of digested substrates ($S_1$ dried at $60^{\circ}C$) which has been rendered extremly resistant to cellulase action can be reactivated into a highly reactive form ($S_2$), almost comparable to that of the initial substrates ($S_3$). And the reducing sugar formation did not show statistically significent differences at 5% levels by initial substrates and the residue of digested substrates (preheating in air at $190^{\circ}C$. for 45 min. fallowed by milling was (60 mesh size).